Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
PM Modi launches the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Mission statement	One step towards cleanliness
Country	India
Prime Minister	Narendra Modi
Established	2 October 2014 (2014-10-02)
Current status	Active
Website	swachhbharat.mygov.in

This article is part of a series about Narendra Modi

Early life and education Public image of Narendra Modi Early political career Gujarat Legislative Assembly election, 2002 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election, 2007 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election, 2012 Prime Minister of India Bharatiya Janata Party campaign for Indian general election, 2014 Inauguration Council of Ministers of Narendra Modi Timeline Foreign policy Asian Act East policy 2014 Union budget of India Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana Make in India Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana TB-Mission 2020 Unnat Bharat Abhiyan Digital India SAARC Satellite Legislation Road Transport and Safety Bill Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015 Black Money (Undisclosed Foreign Income and Assets) and Imposition of Tax Act, 2015 Cabinet Rajnath Singh Arun Jaitley Nitin Gadkari Suresh Prabhu Ravi Shankar Prasad

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (English: Clean India Mission and abbreviated as SBA or SBM for Swachh Bharat Mission) is a national campaign by the Government of India, covering 4041 statutory towns, to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of the country.

The campaign was officially launched on 2 October 2014 at Rajghat, New Delhi, where Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself cleaned the road. It was a remembrance to Gandhi's words. It is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and school and college students of India participated in this event. The mission was started by Prime Minister Modi, who nominated nine famous personalities for the campaign, and they took up the challenge and nominated nine more people and so on. It has been carried forward since then with people from all walks of life joining it.

Background

With effect from 1 April 1999, the Government of India restructured the Comprehensive Rural Sanitation Programme and launched the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) which was later (on 1 April 2012) renamed to Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA).

To give a fillip to the Total Sanitation Campaign, effective June 2003 the government launched an incentive scheme in the form of an award for total sanitation coverage, maintenance of a clean environment and open defecation-free panchayat village , blocks and districts called Nirmal Gram Puraskar.

On 2 October 2014 the campaign was relaunched as Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

Objectives

PM chairs meeting on Mission Swacch Bharat

PM reviews preparations for launch of Mission Swachh Bharat

This campaign aims to accomplish the vision of a 'Clean India' by 2 October 2019, the 150th birthday of Mahatma Gandhi. Specific objectives are:

• Elimination of open defecation
• Conversion of unsanitary toilets to pour flush toilets (a type of pit latrine, usually connected to two pits)
• Eradication of manual scavenging
• 100% collection and processing/disposal/reuse/recycling of municipal solid waste
• A behavioural change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices
• Generation of awareness among citizens about sanitation and its linkages with public health
• Supporting urban local bodies in designing, executing and operating waste disposal systems
• Facilitating private-sector participation in capital expenditure and operation and maintenance costs for sanitary facilities.

Program components

PM Modi launches the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan

The components of the programme as listed in the SBM guidelines are:

• Construction of individual sanitary (mostly pit latrines) for households below the poverty line with subsidy (80%) where demand exists.
• Conversion of dry latrines (pit latrines without a water seal) into low-cost sanitary latrines.
• Construction of exclusive village sanitary complexes for women providing facilities for hand pumping, bathing, sanitation and washing on a selective basis where there is not adequate land or space within houses and where village panchayats are willing to maintain the facilities.
• Setting up of sanitary marts.
• Total sanitation of villages through the construction of drains, soakage pits, solid and liquid waste disposal.
• Intensive campaign for awareness generation and health education to create a felt need for personal, household and environmental sanitation facilities.
• End of manual scavenging of garbage.

Toilets

Construction of toilets is one aspect of the Swachh Bharat programme. The programme aims to make India "open defecation free" by 2019. A village is declared "open defecation free" if each household in the village has a fly-proof toilet and safe septage disposal system and every member of the household has access to a toilet and 100% usage of the toilet, according to the guideline issued by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS). The village should also have no openly visible faeces, have properly used toilets in its schools and Anganwadi centres with safe confinement of the excreta.

The program plans to construct 12 crore toilets in rural India by October 2019, at a projected cost of ₹1.96 lakh crore (US$30 billion). Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke of the need for toilets in his 2014 Independence Day speech stating,

Has it ever pained us that our mothers and sisters have to defecate in open? Poor womenfolk of the village wait for the night; until darkness descends, they can`t go out to defecate. What bodily torture they must be feeling, how many diseases that act might engender. Can't we just make arrangements for toilets for the dignity of our mothers and sisters?

— Narendra Modi

Modi also spoke of the need for toilets in schools during the campaign for 2014 Jammu and Kashmir state elections stating,

When the girl student reaches the age where she realises this lack of female toilets in the school she leaves her education midway. As they leave their education midway they remain uneducated. Our daughters must also get equal chance to quality education. After 60 years of independence there should have been separate toilets for girl students in every school. But for the past 60 years they could not provide separate toilets to girls and as result the female students had to leave their education midway.

— Narendra Modi

As of May 2015, 14 companies including Tata Consulting Services, Mahindra Group and Rotary International have pledged to construct 3,195 new toilets. As of the same month, 71 Public Sector Undertakings in India supported the construction of 86,781 new toilets.

Between April 2014 and January 2015, 31.83 lakh toilets were built. Karnataka led all States in construction of toilets under the programme, while Punjab built the least. As of August 2015, 80 lakh toilets have been constructed under the program.

Finance

BSE contributes ₹1.01 crore (US$150,000) to Swachh Bharat Kosh

In the 12th Five Year plan (2012–17), the previous UPA government allocated ₹37159 crore (US$5.6 billion) for rural sanitation under its Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan scheme. The UPA used ₹4724 crore (US$710 million) of allocated funds, leaving the Modi government with ₹32435 crore (US$4.9 billion). The programme has also received funding and technical support from the World Bank, corporations as part of corporate social responsibility initiatives, and by state governments under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan schemes. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is expected to cost over ₹62000 crore (US$9.4 billion).

Ambassadors

Manisha Koirala at Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in November 2014

Cyclist on nationwide yatra to generate awareness about Swachhta Abhiyan, calls on Prime Minister Narendra Modi

Selected public figures

Modi selected 9 public figures to propagate this campaign. They are:

• Sachin Tendulkar
• Priyanka Chopra
• Anil Ambani
• Aamir Khan
• Salman Khan
• Shashi Tharoor
• Kapil Sharma
• Katrina Kaif
• Virat Kohli
• Rahul Khandelwal

and The team of the TV series Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah

Urban Development Minister M. Venkaiah Naidu picked up a broom to help clean the cyclone-hit port city of Visakhapatnam in the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, as part of the cleanliness campaign.

Civil servants like Rohini Sindhuri (IAS) are doing well to promote the SBA campaign.

Brand ambassadors

File:PM Modi participates in Shramdaan as part of Swachhta Abhiyan at Assi Ghat, Varanasi

Venkaiah Naidu listed brand ambassadors in various fields:

• Pawan Kalyan
• S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
• Amala (actress)
• K. Kavitha
• Gunupati Venkata Krishna Reddy
• Suddala Ashok Teja
• Pullela Gopichand
• Humpy Koneru
• Galla Jayadev
• Nithin
• V. V. S. Laxman
• J. Rameshwar Rao
• Shivlal Yadav
• B. V. R. Mohan Reddy
• Lakshmi Manchu

On 25 December 2014, Prime Minister Modi nominated nine people including

• Comedian Kapil Sharma,
• Former captain of Indian cricket team Sourav Ganguly
• Former IPS officer Kiran Bedi for taking forward his 'Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan'.
• Padmanabha Acharya, Nagaland Governor
• Sonal Mansingh, classical dancer
• Ramoji Rao of Eenadu group
• Aroon Purie of the India Today group.

He also nominated some organisations, including the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Eenadu and India Today besides dabbawala of Mumbai, who deliver home-made food to lakhs of people in the city.

On 8 November 2014, Modi carried the message to Uttar Pradesh and nominated another set of nine people for the state.

• Akhilesh Yadav
• Swami Rambhadracharya
• Manoj Tiwari
• Mohammad Kaif
• Deviprasad Dwivedi
• Raju Srivastava
• Suresh Raina
• Kailash Kher

More than 3 million government employees and school and college students are to participate in the drive.

Criticism

Some regard the motives of Prime Minister Modi as purely political. The prime minister nominated people who were supposed to do some cleaning-up. They would then nominate others, and so slowly the whole of India would be involved. Thus, anyone seeing a participant in the scheme, especially a celebrity, would inevitably link their actions to Modi, building up his reputation.

Other activities

Run

A Swachh Bharat Run was organized at the Rashtrapati Bhavan on 2 October 2014. According to a statement from the Rashtrapati Bhavan around 1500 people participated and the event was flagged off by President Pranab Mukherjee. Participants in the run included officers and their families.

Apps

• The Times of India published an article on how "Desi companies beat Facebook in 'Swachh' apps race".
• Vocativ wrote of one such app that it could change the relationship between government and people.
• Inc42 Magazine published another article on the vision of Clean India Apps.

Real-time monitoring

The government will be launching a nationwide real-time monitoring system for toilets constructed under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. For this the government of India is bringing awareness among the people through quite good advertisements . With this system, the government aims to attain a 100% open defecation free India by 2019.

Updates from NGO's

While growing interest in progress of the mission, both private as well as government started releasing progress reports. Swachh Bharat App Tumblr Feed provides updates from Individual groups, corporates & twitter users in general about group cleaning events, status of cleanliness across India or opinions on the objectives of Clean India mission.

Society and culture

Media

• TheBetterIndia.com published an article on updates on Silent Swachhata Revolution led by children In over 1 Lakh Villages In India during the March 16–22 Cleanliness awareness week led by Govt of India & how a citizen can inform the Prime Minister of India about garbage issues via twitter based app.
• NIT Rourkela PhD students and Sacred Heart School Students,Tumkur have made a short film on Swachh Bharat, conveying the message that Swachh Bharat is not a one-day event but should be part of life, in order for the goal of a clean India to be achieved.
• The Indo Nepal Doctors Association has also taken inspiration from the Prime Minister of India and on 3 January 2015 launched Swachh Bharat Nepal - Swasth Bharat Nepal Abhiyan at the Indo-Nepali border region of Sunauli-Belihiya, which is the entry to the birthplace of the Buddha, Lumbini, Nepal.
• Swachh Bharat App has "Swachh Bharat Updates". section to showcase daily crowd-sourced updates(songs, videos & news) on Clean India initiatives from across the country.

See also

• Government of India
• Digital India
• India.gov.in
• MyGov.in

External links

Media related to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan at Wikimedia Commons

• "Swachh Bharat Updates". 
• "Ministry of Urban Development (MOUD)". 
• "INB Ministry". 
• "PM India Official". 
• "Swachh Bharat Gramin". 
• "Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation". 
• "Ministry of External Affairs". 
• "Swachh Bharat Website". 
• "Swachh Bharat Urban". 
• "Nirmal Bharat - Swachh Bharat". 
• "Toilet Beneficiary". 
• "Swachh Bharat Mobile App". 
• "Swachh Bharat - How to Donate".