# Talk:Proximity space

WikiProject Mathematics (Rated Start-class, Low-priority)
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Mathematics, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Mathematics on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks.
Mathematics rating:
 Start Class
 Low Priority
Field:  Topology

## Textbooks

Note: several textbooks (Willard, Engelking, Thron) discuss proximity spaces. I can't remember if Dugundji does.--192.35.35.36 21:02, 24 Feb 2005 (UTC)

## Proximity Spaces

The proximity introduced (actually rediscovered) by Efrimivic on a set X, generates a completely regupar topology on it. There are a number of classes of proximities, e.g., basic proximity, Lodato proximity etc. Basic proximity generates a closure operator, Lodato proximity generates T_1 topology. Proximities are also studies through grill operators. Ref Thron, W. J., Proximity structures and grills.

AFAIK, nearness space is the same as proximity space. Need to say this in the article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Porton (talkcontribs) 13:03, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

## Applications

I think all researchers know the definition of proximity spaces and fuzzy proximity spaces. But the thing we need to know the applications of the proximity in other branches of sciences. I hope any one know the application give us it. Prof. Abd El-Nasser G. Abd El-Rahman41.232.176.105 (talk) 19:22, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

It is absolutely not the case that all researchers know the definition of proximity spaces. This is an esoteric topic far outside the mathematical mainstream, though obviously the concepts underly a lot of mainstream mathematical concepts. In our communications with the outside world (like on Wikipedia), we should take care to not come across as too pretentious. To your main point: yes, this article needs some applications. I'm hoping that somebody can sketch applications in familiar concepts. For example, what is the proximity relation on a metric space (like ${\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{d}}$ or one of the ${\displaystyle L^{p}}$ spaces)? --216.220.114.135 (talk) 19:38, 17 June 2013 (UTC)

## Possible error

It's said "Proximity without the first axiom is called quasi-proximity."

But without this axiom we lose the dual variant of the axiom 4. It seems that in the case of quasi-proximity it should be also given the dual of the axiom 4 (and probably axiom 5):

• A δ (BC) ⇔ (A δ B or A δ C)
• (BC) δ A ⇔ (B δ A or C δ A)

--VictorPorton (talk) 20:41, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

The definition in Naimpally and Warrack defines quasi-proximity, which they call P-proximity, in terms of the double version of axiom 4, but only one version of axiom 5. Spectral sequence (talk) 20:00, 24 July 2013 (UTC)
Axiom 5 is symmetric, but Axiom 4 does need to be fixed. I will fix it now. —Toby Bartels (talk) 19:35, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
I decided that it looked too complicated to actually add both versions (especially since this isn't needed for the non-quasi case that the article focuses on), but I put in a note that it does need to be fixed, and roughly how. (Also Axiom 2; same issue.) —Toby Bartels (talk) 19:57, 13 July 2014 (UTC)