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Tarvos (moon)

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Tarvos
Animation of discovery images taken by the CFHT in September 2000
Discovery[1]
Discovered byB. J. Gladman et al.[2]
Discovery dateSeptember 23, 2000
Designations
Designation
Saturn XXI
Pronunciation/ˈtɑːrvɒs/
Named after
Tarvos Trigaranus
S/2000 S 4
AdjectivesTarvian[3]
Orbital characteristics[4]
Epoch 2000 January 1.5
18.2166 million km
Eccentricity0.522
917.98 d
(2.51 yr)
Inclination37.8°
Satellite ofSaturn
GroupGallic group
Physical characteristics
15+50%
−30% km[5]
10.691±0.001 h[5]
Albedo<0.15[6]
<0.10 (likely)[6]
0.06 (assumed)[5][7]
Spectral type
light red
B−V=0.77, R−V=0.57[8]
22.1[7]
12.9[7]

Tarvos, or Saturn XXI, is a prograde irregular satellite of Saturn. It was discovered by John J. Kavelaars et al. on September 23, 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 S 4. The name, given in August 2003, is after Tarvos, a deity depicted as a bull god carrying three cranes alongside its back from Gaulish mythology.[9]

Orbit

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Discovery images of Tarvos (circled) taken by the CFHT

Tarvos orbits Saturn at an average distance of 18 million km in 918 days and is about 15 km in diameter (assuming an albedo of 0.06).[5] It has a high orbital eccentricity of 0.52.[4]

It is a member of the Gallic group of irregular satellites.

Origin

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With a similar orbit and displaying a similar light-red colour to Albiorix, Tarvos is thought to have its origin in the break-up of a common progenitor[8][10] or to be a fragment of that body.[11]

References

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  1. ↑ "Planetary Satellite Discovery Circumstances". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov.
  2. ↑ "MPEC 2000-Y14 : S/2000 S 3, S/2000 S 4, S/2000 S 5, S/2000 S 6, S/2000 S 10". minorplanetcenter.net. December 19, 2000.
  3. ↑ Per the diminutive Tarvillus in Davis, Daniel (2001). The Development of Celtic Linguistics, 1850-1900. p. 162.
  4. 1 2 SAT452 from Jacobson, R. A. (2007-06-28). "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". JPL/NASA. Retrieved 2008-01-19.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Denk, T.; Mottola, S. (2019). Cassini Observations of Saturn's Irregular Moons (PDF). 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Lunar and Planetary Institute.
  6. 1 2 Mueller, Michael; Grav, T.; Trilling, D.; Stansberry, J.; Sykes, M. (October 10–15, 2008). Size and Albedo of Irregular Saturnian Satellites from Spitzer Observations. 40st DPS meeting of the American Astronomical Society. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. Vol. 40. Ithaca, NY, United States (published 2008-09-01). p. 511. Bibcode:2008DPS....40.6108M. hdl:11370/10069be7-7c40-4339-b716-58ec39c944a9.
  7. 1 2 3 Denk, Tilmann; Mottola, Stefano; Tosi, Frederico; Bottke, William F.; Hamilton, Douglas P. (2018). "The Irregular Satellites of Saturn" (PDF). In Schenk, Paul M.; Clark, Roger Nelson; Howett, Carly J.A.; Verbiscer, Anne J.; Waite, John Hunter (eds.). Enceladus and the Icy Moons of Saturn. Space Science Series. Vol. 322. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press. pp. 409–434. Bibcode:2018eims.book..409D. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816537075-ch020. ISBN 978-0-8165-3707-5. JSTOR j.ctv65sw2b.37. LCCN 2017056126. OCLC 1055049948.
  8. 1 2 Grav, Tommy; Holman, Matthew J.; Gladman, Brett; Aksnes, Kaare (November 2003). "Photometric Survey of the Irregular Satellites". Icarus. 166 (1): 33–45. arXiv:astro-ph/0301016. Bibcode:2003Icar..166...33G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.005.
  9. ↑ "IAUC 8177: Sats OF (22); Sats OF JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS". www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu. August 8, 2003.
  10. ↑ Gladman, Brett; Kavelaars, J. J.; Holman, Matthew; Nicholson, Philip D.; Burns, Joseph A.; Hergenrother, Carl W.; Petit, Jean-Marc; Marsden, Brian G.; Jacobson, Robert; Gray, William; Grav, Tommy (2001-07-12). "Discovery of 12 satellites of Saturn exhibiting orbital clustering". Nature. 412 (6843): 163–166. doi:10.1038/35084032. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 11449267.
  11. ↑ Grav, T.; Bauer, J. (2007-03-08) [2006-11-18]. "A deeper look at the colors of the Saturnian irregular satellites". Icarus. 191 (1): 267–285. arXiv:astro-ph/0611590. Bibcode:2007Icar..191..267G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.04.020.
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