Holarrhena pubescens

Holarrhena pubescens
	In Andhra Pradesh, India
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Embryophytes
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Genus:	Holarrhena
Species:	H. pubescens
Binomial name
	Holarrhena pubescens; Wall. ex G.Don
Synonyms
	List Chonemorpha pubescens (Wall. ex G.Don) G.Don ; Elytropus pubescens (Wall. ex G.Don) Miers ; Chonemorpha antidysenterica G.Don ; Holarrhena antidysenterica (G.Don) Wall. ex A.DC. ; Holarrhena codaga G.Don ; Holarrhena febrifuga Klotzsch ; Holarrhena fischeri K.Schum. ; Holarrhena glaberrima Markgr. ; Holarrhena glabra Klotzsch ; Holarrhena macrocarpa (Hassk.) Fern.-Vill. ; Holarrhena malaccensis Wight ; Holarrhena perrotii Spire ; Holarrhena pierrei Spire ; Holarrhena tettensis Klotzsch ; Holarrhena villosa Aiton ex Loudon ; Nerium sinense W.Hunter ; Physetobasis macrocarpa Hassk. ;

Holarrhena pubescens, the fever pod, kurchi bark, Tellicherry bark or conessi,^[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to central and southern Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and parts of China.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] Holarrhena pubescens is sometimes confused with the species Wrightia antidysenterica due to a second, taxonomically invalid publication of the name Holarrhena pubescens. In Cambodia, it is called /tɨk dɑh kʰlaː thɔm/ ទឹកដោះខ្លាធំ big tiger milk or /kʰlaɛɲ kŭəŋ/ ខ្លែងគង់ invulnerable kite.^[10] These seeds are sold as indraja (इनद्राजा) for Ayurvedic medicine in India.

References

↑ Pathak, J. & Lakhey, P. (2020). "Holarrhena pubescens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020 e.T33988A142382437. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T33988A142382437.en. Retrieved 7 August 2026.
1 2 "Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 7 August 2026.
↑ "Holarrhena pubescens". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2026-08-07.
↑ "Holarrhena pubescens". Flora of China. eFloras.org. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
↑ Da Silva MC, Izidine S, Amude AB. A Preliminary Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Mozambique (PDF) (Report). Pretoria: Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report (SABONET). pp. 1–184.
↑ Strugnell AM (2006). "A checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mt. Mulanje, Malawi". National Botanic Garden of Belgium. 34: 1–199.
↑ Middleton DJ (January 2007). "Apocynaceae (subfamilies Rauvolfioideae and Apocynoideae)". Flora Malesiana. Series 1, Spermatophyta. 18 (1). Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff N.V.: 1–52.
↑ Timberlake JR, Bayliss J, Alves T, Francisco J, Harris T, Nangoma D, de Sousa C (2009). Biodiversity and Conservation of Mchese Mountain, Malawi (Report). Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award. Vol. 15. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. pp. 1–71.
↑ Middleton DJ (2011). Flora of peninsular Malaysia, II. Vol. 2. Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia. pp. 1–235.
↑ Leti M, Hul S, Fouché JG, Cheng SK, David B (2013). Flore photographique du Cambodge [Photographic Flora of Cambodia] (in French). Editions Privat. p. 81.

References

Further reading