Titin: Difference between revisions
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{{pp-semi-protected|small=yes|reason=Semi-protection is in place to prevent the anonymous addition of the full chemical name of titin, which continues to occur despite discussion on [[Talk:Titin]].}} |
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DO NOT ADD THE FULL CHEMICAL NAME OF TITIN TO THIS ARTICLE |
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This has been discussed extensively on this article's talk page and the consensus is to *not* provide the full chemical name of titin here. Please see the talk page for details. |
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{{Distinguish|Tintin}} |
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[[Image:Sarcomere.svg|270px|thumb|Sliding filament model of muscle contraction. (Titin labeled at upper right.)]] |
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{{PBB_Controls |
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| update_page = yes |
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| require_manual_inspection = no |
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| update_protein_box = yes |
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| update_summary = no |
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| update_citations = yes |
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{{GNF_Protein_box |
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| image = PBB_Protein_TTN_image.jpg |
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| image_source = [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1bpv. |
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| PDB = {{PDB2|1bpv}}, {{PDB2|1g1c}}, {{PDB2|1h8b}}, {{PDB2|1nct}}, {{PDB2|1ncu}}, {{PDB2|1tit}}, {{PDB2|1tiu}}, {{PDB2|1tki}}, {{PDB2|1tnm}}, {{PDB2|1tnn}}, {{PDB2|1waa}}, {{PDB2|1ya5}}, {{PDB2|2a38}}, {{PDB2|2bk8}}, {{PDB2|2f8v}}, {{PDB2|2ill}}, {{PDB2|2nzi}} |
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| Name = Titin |
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| HGNCid = 12403 |
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| Symbol = TTN |
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| AltSymbols =; CMD1G; CMH9; CMPD4; DKFZp451N061; FLJ26020; FLJ26409; FLJ32040; FLJ34413; FLJ39564; FLJ43066; HMERF; LGMD2J; TMD |
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| OMIM = 188840 |
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| ECnumber = |
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| Homologene = 26418 |
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| MGIid = 98864 |
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| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TTN_208195_at_tn.png |
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| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004601 |text = peroxidase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004674 |text = protein serine/threonine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004713 |text = protein-tyrosine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005199 |text = structural constituent of cell wall}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005516 |text = calmodulin binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008307 |text = structural constituent of muscle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017022 |text = myosin binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042802 |text = identical protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051393 |text = alpha-actinin binding}} |
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| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000794 |text = condensed nuclear chromosome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030018 |text = Z disc}} |
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| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005975 |text = carbohydrate metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006941 |text = striated muscle contraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006979 |text = response to oxidative stress}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007067 |text = mitosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030239 |text = myofibril assembly}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046777 |text = protein amino acid autophosphorylation}} |
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| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box |
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| Hs_EntrezGene = 7273 |
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| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000155657 |
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| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003310 |
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| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003319 |
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| Hs_GenLoc_db = |
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| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2 |
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| Hs_GenLoc_start = 179099985 |
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| Hs_GenLoc_end = 179380394 |
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| Hs_Uniprot = Q8WZ42 |
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| Mm_EntrezGene = 22138 |
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| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000051747 |
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| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011652 |
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| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035782 |
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| Mm_GenLoc_db = |
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| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 2 |
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| Mm_GenLoc_start = 76514471 |
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| Mm_GenLoc_end = 76641992 |
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| Mm_Uniprot = |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Titin''', also known as '''connectin'''<ref>{{OMIM|188840}}</ref> ([[UniProt]] name: Q10466_HUMAN; [[accession number]]: Q10466), is a [[protein]] that is important in the contraction of [[striated muscle]] tissues. |
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==Structure== |
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Titin is the largest known protein, consisting of 26,926 [[amino acid]]s. The [[molecular weight]] of the mature protein is approximately 2,993,442.763 [[atomic mass unit|u]]<ref>http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/molform?C132983H211861N36149O40883S693</ref>, and it has a theoretical [[Isoelectric point|pI]] of 6.01<ref>{{cite web |url=http://us.expasy.org/cgi-bin/pi_tool1?Q10466@noft@ |title=ExPASy-calculated pI for titin |accessdate=2007-08-26 |format= |work=}}</ref> The protein's empirical [[chemical formula]] is C<sub>132983</sub>H<sub>211861</sub>N<sub>36149</sub>O<sub>40883</sub>S<sub>693</sub>. It has a theoretical [[instability index]] (II) of 39.69, indicating that it would be stable in a [[test tube]]. The protein's [[in vivo]] [[half-life]], the time it takes for half of the amount of protein in a cell to disappear after its synthesis in the cell, is predicted to be approximately 30 hours (in [[mammalian]] [[reticulocyte]]s).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://us.expasy.org/cgi-bin/niceprot.pl?Q10466|title=Swiss-Prot Protein knowledgebase, main entry|accessdate=2006-05-04}}</ref> |
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==Linguistic significance== |
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DO NOT ADD THE FULL CHEMICAL NAME OF TITIN TO THIS ARTICLE |
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This has been discussed extensively on this article's talk page and the consensus is to *not* provide the full chemical name of titin here. Please see the talk page for details. |
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As the largest known protein, titin also has the longest [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry nomenclature|IUPAC name]]. The full chemical name, containing 189,819 letters, is sometimes stated to be the [[Longest word in English|longest word in the English language]].<ref>{{cite web |
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| author = Othyr |
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| title = Othyr |
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| publisher = othyr.com |
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| url = http://www.othyr.com/titin.html |
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| accessdate = 2008-05-27 }}</ref> However, professional dictionary writers regard generic names of [[chemical compound]]s as ''verbal [[Chemical formula|formulae]]'' rather than as English words.<ref>{{cite web |
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| author = Oxford Word and Language Service team |
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| title = Ask the experts - What is the longest English word? |
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| publisher = AskOxford.com / [[Oxford University Press]] |
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| url = http://www.askoxford.com/asktheexperts/faq/aboutwords/longestword |
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| accessdate = 2008-01-13 }}</ref> |
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==References== |
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<div class="references-small"><references /></div> |
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==Further reading== |
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{{refbegin | 2}} |
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{{PBB_Further_reading |
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| citations = |
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*{{cite journal | author=Kinbara K, Sorimachi H, Ishiura S, Suzuki K |title=Skeletal muscle-specific calpain, p49: structure and physiological function. |journal=Biochem. Pharmacol. |volume=56 |issue= 4 |pages= 415-20 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9763216 |doi= }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Kolmerer B, Witt CC, Freiburg A, ''et al.'' |title=The titin cDNA sequence and partial genomic sequences: insights into the molecular genetics, cell biology and physiology of the titin filament system. |journal=Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. |volume=138 |issue= |pages= 19-55 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10396137 |doi=10.1007/BF02346659 }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Trinick J, Tskhovrebova L |title=Titin: a molecular control freak. |journal=Trends Cell Biol. |volume=9 |issue= 10 |pages= 377-80 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10481174 |doi=10.1016/S0962-8924(99)01641-4 }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Sorimachi H, Ono Y, Suzuki K |title=Skeletal muscle-specific calpain, p94, and connectin/titin: their physiological functions and relationship to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=481 |issue= |pages= 383-95; discussion 395-7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10987085 |doi= }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Tskhovrebova L, Trinick J |title=Role of titin in vertebrate striated muscle. |journal=Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci. |volume=357 |issue= 1418 |pages= 199-206 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11911777 |doi= 10.1098/rstb.2001.1028 }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Sela BA |title=[Titin: some aspects of the largest protein in the body] |journal=Harefuah |volume=141 |issue= 7 |pages= 631-5, 665 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12187564 |doi= }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Wu Y, Labeit S, Lewinter MM, Granzier H |title=Titin: an endosarcomeric protein that modulates myocardial stiffness in DCM. |journal=J. Card. Fail. |volume=8 |issue= 6 Suppl |pages= S276-86 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12555133 |doi= 10.1054/jcaf.2002.129278 }} |
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*{{cite journal | author=Tskhovrebova L, Trinick J |title=Properties of titin immunoglobulin and fibronectin-3 domains. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=279 |issue= 45 |pages= 46351-4 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15322090 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.R400023200 }} |
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}} |
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{{refend}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.othyr.com/titin.html Full chemical name of titin] |
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{{Muscle tissue}} |
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[[Category:Proteins]] |
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[[de:Titin]] |
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[[fr:Titine (protéine)]] |
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[[he:טיטין]] |
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[[ja:チチン]] |
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[[pl:Tytyna]] |
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[[pt:Titina]] |
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[[sv:Titin]] |
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[[vi:Titin]] |
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[[tr:Titin]] |
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