Toyota Dynamic Force engine

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Toyota Dynamic Force engine
Toyota's A25A-FKS straight-four engine installed in the XV70 series Camry, the first vehicle to offer a Dynamic Force engine
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
Production2017–present
Layout
Configuration
Displacement1,490–3,445 cc (90.9–210.2 cu in)
Cylinder block materialAluminium alloy
ValvetrainDOHC
Combustion
Fuel type
Cooling systemWater-cooled

The Dynamic Force engines are a family of internal combustion engines developed by Toyota under the brand's Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) strategy. The engines can be fueled by petrol (gasoline) or ethanol and can be combined with electric motors in a hybrid drivetrain. The engines were developed alongside the TNGA family of vehicle platforms, as part of a company-wide effort to simplify the vehicles being produced by Toyota.

The engine is used in various Toyota and Lexus models starting with the four-cylinder A25A type installed in XV70 series Camry in June 2017.

Overview[edit]

The engine was developed as an engine that is claimed to achieve both driving performance and environmental performance while pursuing high efficiency and low fuel consumption as well as having a "direct feeling, smooth and pleasant acceleration performance".

Specifically, the cylinder head and intake port design improves the tumble flow (longitudinal vortex) to increase the air intake volume–the majority of intake flow is across that portion of the valve closest to cylinder centreline. Other methods include:

  • Expansion of the valve clamping angle. The angle between intake and exhaust valve centreline is 41 degrees–the previous design was 31 degrees.
  • Hydraulic variable valve timing on both intake and exhaust camshafts.
  • Very high compression-moderated Atkinson cycle engine.
  • Longer stroke to bore ratio (under-square design).
  • Change of port end shape and expansion of seat inner diameter.
  • Application of updated D-4S (multi-hole injector) system to achieve "high-speed combustion", resulting in thermal efficiency over 40%.
  • Cylinder centreline is offset from crankshaft centreline, meaning that piston top dead center is always equivalent to several degrees of crankshaft rotation.

In development and production of the engine, Toyota claims it would be a "completely new engine design based on the TNGA strategy".

Previously, Toyota offered about 800 engine variants, most of which would be replaced with a much simpler lineup of 17 versions of nine Dynamic Force engines.[1][2] Toyota is also simplifying its lineup of transmissions, hybrid systems, and all-wheel drive systems.

Starting with the four-cylinder A25A type installed in XV70 series Camry in June 2017, the V6 V35A and four-cylinder M20A types had also appeared. On 16 October 2019, the three-cylinder M15A type, which would be installed in the XP210 series Yaris (specifically designed for Japan, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand), was officially announced.[3] On 12 June 2021, the first turbocharged four-cylinder model, named T24A, was introduced for the AZ20 series Lexus NX.[4][5]

The Dynamic Force engines introduced an updated nomenclature system for Toyota engines and no longer employ the traditional iteration or generation of the engine followed by the one letter or two letter designation for the engine family (such as 5M-GE or 4GR-FE being from the M and GR engine families respectively) and instead incorporate the engine's displacement in between a two letter code such as the M20A, with the "20" denoting a 2.0-litre engine.

Common key technologies[edit]

  • High speed combustion technologies:
    • Long stroke (stroke/bore ≈ 1.2)
    • Wider angle between the intake and exhaust valve
    • High efficiency intake port with laser cladded valve seat
    • High compression ratio up to 14.0:1
    • High energy ignition coil
    • Updated D-4S system
    • Multi-hole direct injector
  • Variable cooling system:
    • Motor driven water pump
    • Heated thermostat
  • Continuous variable-capacity oil pump
  • Low viscosity engine oil
  • Water jacket spacer
  • Piston with laser pit skirt
  • Drilled passage between cylinder bores
  • VVT-iE
  • Small-concave-profile camshaft
  • Compact HLA
  • High strength connecting rod
  • High response intake air control
  • Fuel injection control (multi-injection)
  • Cylinder heads with built-in EGR cooler function
  • Updated catalyst
  • Change of exhaust manifold layout
  • Piston oil jet control

M15 family[edit]

M15 family
M15A-FXE engine in a 2023 Lexus LBX
Overview
Production2020–present
Layout
ConfigurationI3
Displacement1,490 cc (90.9 cu in)
Cylinder bore80.5 mm (3.169 in)
Piston stroke97.6 mm (3.843 in)
Compression ratio
  • 13.0:1 (M15A-FKS)
  • 14.0:1 (M15A-FXE)
Combustion
Fuel system
Fuel type
  • Petrol (M15A-FKS/M15B-FKS/M15C-FKS)
  • Petrol hybrid (M15A-FXE/M15D-FXE)
Output
Power output
  • 88–92 kW (118–123 hp; 120–125 PS) (M15A-FKS/M15B-FKS/M15C-FKS)
  • 67 kW (90 hp; 91 PS) (M15A-FXE/M15D-FXE)
Specific power
  • 59.1–61.7 kW (79–83 hp; 80–84 PS) per litre (M15A-FKS/M15B-FKS/M15C-FKS)
  • 45 kW (60 hp; 61 PS) per litre (M15A-FXE/M15D-FXE)
Torque output
  • 145–153 N⋅m (107–113 lb⋅ft) (M15A-FKS/M15B-FKS/M15C-FKS)
  • 120 N⋅m (89 lb⋅ft) (M15A-FXE/M15D-FXE)
Chronology
Predecessor

The M15 engine family is a straight-three engine series that was first introduced in 2019 for the XP210 series Yaris.[3]

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
M15A-FKS Yaris MXPA10
MXPA11
MXPA15 		Japan, Australia, and New Zealand: 88 kW (118 hp; 120 PS) at 6,600 rpm
Europe: 92 kW (123 hp; 125 PS) at 6,600 rpm[6] 		Japan, Australia, and New Zealand: 145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,200 rpm
Europe: 153 N⋅m (113 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,000 rpm 		2020–present
GR Yaris RS MXPA12 88 kW (118 hp; 120 PS) at 6,600 rpm 145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,200 rpm 2020–present Japan only
Corolla MZEA11
MZEA17 		92 kW (123 hp; 125 PS) at 6,600 rpm 153 N⋅m (113 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,000 rpm 2020–present [7]
Yaris Cross MXPB10
MXPB15 		88 kW (118 hp; 120 PS) at 6,600 rpm 145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,200 rpm 2020–present
Sienta MXPC10 2022–present Japan only
M15A-FXE Yaris Hybrid / Mazda2 Hybrid MXPH10
MXPH11
MXPH15 		67 kW (90 hp; 91 PS) at 5,500 rpm 120 N⋅m (89 lb⋅ft) at 3,800–4,800 rpm 2020–present The Mazda2 Hybrid went on sale since 2022
Aqua MXPK10
MXPK11
MXPK15
MXPK16 		2021–present Japan only
Yaris Cross Hybrid MXPJ10
MXPJ15 		2020–present
Sienta Hybrid MXPL10
MXPL15 		2022–present Japan only
Lexus LBX MAYH10
MAYH15 		2023–present
M15B-FKS Corolla MZEA11 92 kW (123 hp; 125 PS) at 6,600 rpm 153 N⋅m (113 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,000 rpm 2021–present China only
M15C-FKS Levin MZEA11 92 kW (123 hp; 125 PS) at 6,600 rpm 153 N⋅m (113 lb⋅ft) at 4,800–5,000 rpm 2021–present China only
M15D-FXE Urban Cruiser Hyryder Hybrid / Suzuki Grand Vitara Hybrid 67 kW (90 hp; 91 PS) at 5,500 rpm 120 N⋅m (89 lb⋅ft) at 3,800–4,800 rpm 2022–present India only[8][9]

M15A-FKS[edit]

The standard version with 13.0:1 compression ratio achieves 40% thermal efficiency.

Applications (calendar years):

M15A-FXE[edit]

The hybrid version with 14.0:1 compression ratio achieves 41% thermal efficiency.

Applications (calendar years):

M15B-FKS[edit]

Localized M15 series engine for China, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2021–present Corolla (MZEA11; China only)

M15C-FKS[edit]

Localized M15 series engine for China, manufactured by GTE (Guangqi Toyota Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2021–present Levin (MZEA11)

M15D-FXE[edit]

The hybrid version produced in Jigani, Bangalore, India by Toyota Industries Engine India (TIEI).[9][10]

Applications (calendar years):

M20 family[edit]

M20 family
M20A-FKS engine in the 2019 Corolla hatchback
Overview
Production2018–present
Layout
ConfigurationI4
Displacement1,986 cc (121.2 cu in)
Cylinder bore80.5 mm (3.169 in)
Piston stroke97.6 mm (3.843 in)
Compression ratio
  • 13.0:1 (M20A-FKS/M20A-FKB)
  • 14.0:1 (M20A-FXS)
Combustion
Fuel systemD-4S direct/port injection
Fuel type
  • Petrol (M20A-FKS)
  • Petrol flex fuel (M20A-FKB)
  • Petrol hybrid (M20A-FXS)
Output
Power output
  • 125–131 kW (168–176 hp; 170–178 PS) (M20A-FKS)
  • 130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) (M20A-FKB)
  • 107–131 kW (143–176 hp; 145–178 PS) (M20A-FXS)
Specific power
  • 62.9–66 kW (84–89 hp; 86–90 PS) per litre (M20A-FKS)
  • 65.5 kW (88 hp; 89 PS) per litre (M20A-FKB)
  • 53.9–66 kW (72–89 hp; 73–90 PS) per litre (M20A-FXS)
Torque output
  • 200–210 N⋅m (148–155 lb⋅ft) (M20A-FKS)
  • 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) (M20A-FKB)
  • 188–190 N⋅m (139–140 lb⋅ft) (M20A-FXS)
Emissions
Emissions control systemsULEV50
Chronology
Predecessor

The M20 engine family is a straight-four engine series that was first introduced in 2018 for the E210 series Corolla.

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
M20A-FKS Corolla/Auris MZEA12 125 kW (168 hp; 170 PS) at 6,600 rpm 202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm 2018–present Used in Auris exclusively in Taiwan until July 2020.
Camry MXVA71 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2019–present
Avalon MXXA50 2019–present
C-HR MAXA10 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,800 rpm 2018–present
Corolla Cross MXGA10
MXGA15 		2021–present North America only
RAV4 MXAA52 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm
Australia: 127 kW (170 hp; 173 PS) at 6,600 rpm 		207 N⋅m (153 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm
Australia: 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,900 rpm 		2018–present
Harrier/Venza MXUA80
MXUA85 		126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 207 N⋅m (153 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm 2020–present Venza is available in North America since 2021.
Noah/Voxy / Suzuki Landy MZRA90
MZRA95 		125 kW (168 hp; 170 PS) at 6,600 rpm 202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,900 rpm 2022–present Suzuki Landy is only available in Japan
Innova / Innova HyCross / Kijang Innova Zenix MAGA10 128 kW (172 hp; 174 PS) at 6,600 rpm 205 N⋅m (151 lb⋅ft) at 4,500–4,900 rpm 2022–present
Lexus ES 200 MXZA10 128 kW (172 hp; 174 PS) at 6,600 rpm 209 N⋅m (154 lb⋅ft) at 4,000–5,200 rpm 2020–present
Lexus UX 200 MZAA10 2018–present
M20A-FKB Corolla MZEA12 130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm 2020–present Brazil only
Corolla Cross MXGA10 2021–present
M20A-FXS Corolla Hybrid MZEH12 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2018–present Europe only
Prius MXWH60
MXWH65 		188 N⋅m (139 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2022–present
C-HR Hybrid MAXH10 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2020–present Europe only
Corolla Cross Hybrid MXGH10
MXGH15 		131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm (FWD)
113 kW (152 hp; 154 PS) at 6,000 rpm (AWD) 		202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,900 rpm (FWD)
190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm (AWD) 		2022–present North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand only
Innova Hybrid / Innova HyCross Hybrid / Kijang Innova Zenix Hybrid MAGH10 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm 188 N⋅m (139 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2022–present
Lexus UX 250h/260h MZAH10
MZAH15 		107 kW (143 hp; 145 PS) at 6,000 rpm 188 N⋅m (139 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm 2018–present Known as UX 260h in China
M20B-FXS IZOA Hybrid MAXH10 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2020–2022
M20C-FKS C-HR MAXA10 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,800 rpm 2018–present China only
Camry MXVA71 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2019–present China only
Wildlander MXAA54 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 209 N⋅m (154 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,000 rpm 2020–present
Venza MXUA85 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 207 N⋅m (153 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm 2021–present China only
Levin GT MZEA12 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2021–present
Frontlander MXGA15 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,800 rpm 2022–present
Camry MXVA80L 2023–present China only
M20D-FKS RAV4 MXAA52 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 209 N⋅m (154 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,000 rpm 2018–present China only
Avalon MXXA50 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2019–present China only
Harrier MXUA80 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 207 N⋅m (153 lb⋅ft) at 4,800 rpm 2021–present China only
M20E-FKS IZOA MAXA10 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,800 rpm 2018–present
Allion MZEA12 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 210 N⋅m (155 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2021–present
Corolla Cross MXGA10 126 kW (169 hp; 171 PS) at 6,600 rpm 203 N⋅m (150 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,800 rpm 2022–present China only
M20F-FXS C-HR Hybrid MAXH10 112 kW (150 hp; 152 PS) at 6,000 rpm 190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–5,200 rpm 2020–present China only
Camry MXVH80L 2023–present China only
M20G-FXS IZOA Hybrid MAXH10 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,900 rpm 2022–present
Allion Hybrid MZEA12 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,900 rpm 2023–present
Corolla Cross Hybrid MXGA10 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 6,600 rpm 202 N⋅m (149 lb⋅ft) at 4,400–4,900 rpm 2023–present China only

M20A-FKS[edit]

The standard version with 13.0:1 compression ratio achieves 40% thermal efficiency.

Applications (calendar years):

M20A-FKB[edit]

The flex fuel E85 version with 13.0:1 compression ratio ethanol fuel capable.

Applications (calendar years):

M20A-FXS[edit]

The hybrid version with 14.0:1 compression ratio achieves 41% thermal efficiency.[11]

Applications (calendar years):

M20B-FXS[edit]

Version used only in China which is largely identical to the M20A-FXS engine, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

M20C-FKS[edit]

Localized M20 series engine for China, manufactured by GTE (Guangqi Toyota Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

M20D-FKS[edit]

Localized M20 series engine for China, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2018–present RAV4 (MXAA52; China only)
  • 2019–present Avalon (MXXA50; China only)
  • 2021–present Harrier (MXUA80; China only)

M20E-FKS[edit]

Localized M20 series engine for China, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

M20F-FXS[edit]

Version used only in China which is largely identical to the M20A-FXS engine, manufactured by GTE (Guangqi Toyota Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

M20G-FXS[edit]

Version used only in China which is largely identical to the M20A-FXS engine, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

S20A[edit]

S20A
Overview
Production2022–present
Layout
ConfigurationI4
Displacement1,997 cc (121.9 cu in)
Cylinder bore85.0 mm (3.346 in)
Piston stroke88.0 mm (3.465 in)
Combustion
TurbochargerSingle
Fuel typePetrol
Output
Power output182 kW (244 hp; 247 PS)
Specific power91.1 kW (122 hp; 124 PS) per litre
Torque output380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
Predecessor8AR-FTS

The S20A engine is a straight-four engine series that was first introduced in 2022 for the Chinese market Highlander / Crown Kluger.

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
S20A-FTS Highlander / Crown Kluger SXUA75 182 kW (244 hp; 247 PS) at 6,000 rpm 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) at 1,800–4,000 rpm 2022–present China only

S20A-FTS[edit]

"FTS" designates the turbocharged version of this engine.

Applications (calendar years):

A25 family[edit]

A25 family
A25A-FXS engine in the 2018 Crown Hybrid
Overview
Production2017–present
Layout
ConfigurationI4
Displacement2,487 cc (151.8 cu in)
Cylinder bore87.5 mm (3.445 in)
Piston stroke103.4 mm (4.071 in)
Compression ratio
  • 13.0:1 (A25A-FKS/A25A-FKB)
  • 14.0:1 (A25A-FXS/A25B-FXS)
Combustion
Fuel systemD-4S direct/port injection
Fuel type
  • Petrol (A25A-FKS)
  • Petrol flex fuel (A25A-FKB)
  • Petrol hybrid (A25A-FXS/A25B-FXS)
Output
Power output
  • 151–154 kW (202–207 hp; 205–209 PS) (A25A-FKS)
  • 154 kW (207 hp; 209 PS) (A25A-FKB)
  • 130–139 kW (174–186 hp; 177–189 PS) (A25A-FXS/A25B-FXS)
Specific power
  • 60.7–61.9 kW (81–83 hp; 83–84 PS) per litre (A25A-FKS)
  • 61.9 kW (83 hp; 84 PS) per litre (A25A-FKB)
  • 52.3–55.9 kW (70–75 hp; 71–76 PS) per litre (A25A-FXS/A25B-FXS)
Torque output
  • 247–252 N⋅m (182–186 lb⋅ft) (A25A-FKS)
  • 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) (A25A-FKB)
  • 219–237 N⋅m (162–175 lb⋅ft) (A25A-FXS/A25B-FXS)
Chronology
Predecessor

The A25 engine family is a straight-four engine series that was first introduced in 2017 for the XV70 series Camry.

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
A25A-FKS Camry AXVA70
AXVA75 		151.5–153.5 kW (203–206 hp; 206–209 PS) at 6,600 rpm (FWD); 151 kW (202 hp; 205 PS) at 6,600 rpm (AWD) 249–252 N⋅m (184–186 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm (FWD); 247 N⋅m (182 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm (AWD) 2017–present
Avalon AXXA50
AXXA55 		153–154 kW (205–207 hp; 208–209 PS) at 6,600 rpm 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 2018–present AWD models offered between 2020 and 2022.
RAV4 AXAA52
AXAA54 		US: 151.5 kW (203 hp; 206 PS) at 6,600 rpm
Australia: 152 kW (204 hp; 207 PS) at 6,600 rpm 		US: 249 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm
Australia: 243 N⋅m (179 lb⋅ft) at 4,000–5,000 rpm 		2018–present
Lexus ES 250/260 AXZA10
AXZA15 		151–152 kW (202–204 hp; 205–207 PS) at 6,600 rpm 247 N⋅m (182 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 2018–present Known as ES 260 in China
Lexus NX 250/260 AAZA20
AAZA25 		2021–present Known as NX 260 in China
A25A-FKB Camry AXVA70 154 kW (207 hp; 209 PS) at 6,600 rpm 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 2018–present Thailand only
A25A-FXS Camry Hybrid/Daihatsu Altis AXVH70
AXVH75 		131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2017–present Daihatsu Altis is only available in Japan
Avalon Hybrid AXXH50 2018–present
Crown Hybrid AZSH20
AZSH21 		135 kW (181 hp; 184 PS) at 6,000 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,800–5,400 rpm 2018–2022
Crown Crossover Hybrid AZSH35 137 kW (184 hp; 186 PS) at 6,000 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2022–present
Crown Sedan Hybrid AZSH32 136 kW (182 hp; 185 PS) at 6,000 rpm 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) at 4,200–5,000 rpm 2023–present
Crown Sport Hybrid AZSH36 137 kW (184 hp; 186 PS) at 6,000 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2022–present
RAV4 Hybrid AXAH52
AXAH54 		131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2018–present Except China
RAV4 Plug-in Hybrid/Prime / Suzuki Across AXAP52
AXAP54 		130 kW (174 hp; 177 PS) at 6,000 rpm Japan: 219 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) at 3,600 rpm
US: 228 N⋅m (168 lb⋅ft) at 2,800 rpm 		2020–present Suzuki Across is only available in Europe since 2021.
Harrier Hybrid / Venza AXUH80
AXUH85 		131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2020–present
Harrier Plug-in Hybrid AXUP80 134 kW (180 hp; 182 PS) at 5,700 rpm

221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm

2022–present
Highlander Hybrid / Kluger Hybrid AXUH70
AXUH78 		139 kW (186 hp; 189 PS) at 6,000 rpm 237 N⋅m (175 lb⋅ft) at 4,400 rpm 2019–present Except China. Kluger Hybrid is only available in Australia since 2021
Grand Highlander Hybrid AASH10
AASH15 		2023–present
Sienna AXLH40
AXLH45 		2020–present
Alphard Hybrid/Vellfire Hybrid AAHH40
AAHH45 		140 kW (188 hp; 190 PS) at 6,000 rpm 236 N⋅m (174 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2023–present
Lexus ES 300h AXZH10
AXZH11 		131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2018–present Except China
Lexus NX 350h AAZH20
AAZH25 		140 kW (188 hp; 190 PS) at 6,000 rpm 243 N⋅m (179 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2021–present Except China
Lexus NX 450h+ AAZH26 136 kW (182 hp; 185 PS) at 6,000 rpm 228 N⋅m (168 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–3,700 rpm 2021–present Except China
Lexus RX 350h AALH10
AALH15 		140 kW (188 hp; 190 PS) at 6,000 rpm 243 N⋅m (179 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2022–present
Lexus RX 450h+ AALH16 136 kW (182 hp; 185 PS) at 6,000 rpm 228 N⋅m (168 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–3,700 rpm 2022–present
Lexus LM 350h AAWH10 239 N⋅m (176 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2023–present
Camry Hybrid AXVH80 2024
Crown Signia 2024
A25B-FXS Lexus ES 300h (China) AXZH10 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2018–present Engine exclusively used on the Chinese Lexus models
Lexus NX 350h (China) AAZH10 141 kW (189 hp; 192 PS) at 6,000 rpm 243 N⋅m (179 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2022–present
Lexus NX 400h+ AXZH11 136 kW (182 hp; 185 PS) at 6,000 rpm 228 N⋅m (168 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–3,700 rpm 2022–present
A25C-FKS Camry AXVA70 154 kW (207 hp; 209 PS) at 6,600 rpm 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 2018–present Gasoline engine manufactured by GTE
Wildlander AXAA54 2020–present
Highlander AXUA70 2021–present
A25D-FXS Camry Hybrid AXVH70 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2018–present Hybrid engine manufactured by GTE
Wildlander Hybrid AXAH54 2021–present
Wildlander PHV AXAP54 132 kW (177 hp; 179 PS) at 6,000 rpm 224 N⋅m (165 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–3,700 rpm 2021–present
Highlander Hybrid AXUH78 141 kW (189 hp; 192 PS) at 6,000 rpm 238 N⋅m (176 lb⋅ft) at 4,200–4,600 rpm 2021–present
Sienna Hybrid AXLH40 141 kW (189 hp; 192 PS) at 6,000 rpm 238 N⋅m (176 lb⋅ft) at 4,200–4,600 rpm 2021–present
Venza Hybrid AXUH85 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2022–present
Camry Hybrid AXVH80L 2023–present
Mazda CX-50 HEV 2023–present
A25F-FXS RAV4 Hybrid AXAH52 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2021–present Hybrid engine manufactured by FTCE
RAV4 PHV AXAP52 132 kW (177 hp; 179 PS) at 6,000 rpm 224 N⋅m (165 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–3,700 rpm 2021–present
Harrier Hybrid AXUH80 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2022–present
A25G-FKS Avalon AXXA50 154 kW (207 hp; 209 PS) at 6,600 rpm 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 5,000 rpm 2019–present Gasoline engine manufactured by FTCE
RAV4 AXAA52 2019–present
Crown Kluger AXUA71 2021–present
A25H-FXS Avalon Hybrid AXXH50 131 kW (176 hp; 178 PS) at 5,700 rpm 221 N⋅m (163 lb⋅ft) at 3,600–5,200 rpm 2019–present Hybrid Engine manufactured by FTCE
Crown Kluger Hybrid AXUH79 141 kW (189 hp; 192 PS) at 6,000 rpm 238 N⋅m (176 lb⋅ft) at 4,200–4,600 rpm 2021–present
Granvia Hybrid AXLH40 141 kW (189 hp; 192 PS) at 6,000 rpm 238 N⋅m (176 lb⋅ft) at 4,200–4,600 rpm 2021–present

A25A-FKS[edit]

The standard version with 13.0:1 compression ratio achieves 40% thermal efficiency.

Applications (calendar years):

A25A-FKB[edit]

Version used in Thailand with E85 ethanol fuel capable.[12]

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2018–present Camry (AXVA70)

A25A-FXS[edit]

The hybrid version with 14.0:1 compression ratio achieves 41% thermal efficiency.[13][14]

Applications (calendar years):

A25B-FXS[edit]

This engine is only used on hybrid models in China. Similar to the A25A-FXS engine used in other markets.

Applications (calendar years):

A25C-FKS[edit]

Version used only in China which is largely identical to the A25A-FKS engine, manufactured by GTE (Guangqi Toyota Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

A25D-FXS[edit]

Localized A25 series engine for China, manufactured by GTE (Guangqi Toyota Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

A25F-FXS[edit]

Localized A25 series engine for China, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

A25G-FKS[edit]

Version used only in China which is largely identical to the A25A-FKS engine, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

  • 2019–present Avalon (AXXA50; China only)
  • 2019–present RAV4 (AXAA52; China only)
  • 2021–present Crown Kluger (AXUA71)

A25H-FXS[edit]

Localized A25 series engine for China, manufactured by FTCE (FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co., Ltd.).

Applications (calendar years):

T24A[edit]

T24A
T24A-FTS engine in the 2022 Crown Crossover
Overview
Production2021–present
Layout
ConfigurationI4
Displacement2,393 cc (146.0 cu in)
Cylinder bore87.5 mm (3.445 in)
Piston stroke99.5 mm (3.917 in)
Compression ratio11.0:1
Combustion
TurbochargerSingle twin-scroll
Fuel systemD-4ST direct/port injection
Fuel type
  • Petrol
  • Petrol hybrid
Output
Power output170–207 kW (228–278 hp; 231–281 PS)
Specific power71–86.5 kW (95–116 hp; 97–118 PS) per litre
Torque output329–460 N⋅m (243–339 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
Predecessor2GR-FKS (V6)

The T24A engine is a straight-four engine series that was first introduced in 2021 for the AZ20 series Lexus NX.

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
T24A-FTS Crown Crossover Turbo Hybrid TZSH35 200 kW (268 hp; 272 PS) at 6,000 rpm 460 N⋅m (339 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,000 rpm 2022–present
Highlander/Kluger TXUA70
TXUA75 		198 kW (266 hp; 269 PS) at 6,000 rpm 420 N⋅m (310 lb⋅ft) at 1,700–3,600 rpm 2022–present
Grand Highlander TASA10
TASA15 		2023–present
Grand Highlander Turbo Hybrid TASH15 202 kW (271 hp; 275 PS) at 6,000 rpm 460 N⋅m (339 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,000 rpm 2023–present
Tacoma TZNA40
TZNA41
TZNA45
TZNA46 		170–207 kW (228–278 hp; 231–281 PS) 329–430 N⋅m (243–317 lb⋅ft) 2023–present
Tacoma Hybrid TZNH47 207 kW (278 hp; 281 PS) 381 N⋅m (281 lb⋅ft) 2024–present
Alphard/Vellfire TAHA40
TAHA45 		205 kW (275 hp; 279 PS) at 6,000 rpm 430 N⋅m (317 lb⋅ft) at 1,700–3,600 rpm 2023–present
Lexus NX 350 TAZA25 205 kW (275 hp; 279 PS) at 6,000 rpm 430 N⋅m (317 lb⋅ft) at 1,700–3,600 rpm 2021–present
Lexus RX 350 TALA10
TALA15 		2022–present
Lexus RX 500h TALH17 202 kW (271 hp; 275 PS) at 6,000 rpm 460 N⋅m (339 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,000 rpm 2022–present
Land Cruiser Prado TJA250 206 kW (276 hp; 280 PS) at 6,000 rpm 430 N⋅m (317 lb⋅ft) at 4,300–4,500 rpm 2023–present

T24A-FTS[edit]

The "T" in the engine feature suffix "-FTS" designates the turbocharged version of this engine.[4] Toyota have been using it to replace the naturally-aspirated 2GR-FKS V6, offering more peak torque at lower speeds and improved fuel consumption and emissions with the turbo engine.[15]

There also are two distinct hybridised variants (marketed as "Dual Boost Hybrid System" in Japan and "Hybrid Max" in North America) which carry the same T24A-FTS engine designation as the regular (non-hybrid) variant. For transverse engine applications, the hybrid engine drives the front wheels and is equipped with two electric motors: one starter-generator and one traction assist; a third electric motor driving the rear axle is provided with all-wheel drive as a power-split hybrid variant. For longitudinal engine applications (marketed as "i-Force Max" in North America), a single traction assist/generator motor is sandwiched between the engine and transmission, taking the place of a conventional automatic transmission torque converter.[16]

Applications (calendar years):

V35A[edit]

V35A
V35A-FTS engine in the 2021 Land Cruiser
Overview
Production2017–present
Layout
Configuration60° V6
Displacement3,445 cc (210.2 cu in)
Cylinder bore85.5 mm (3.366 in)
Piston stroke100.0 mm (3.937 in)
Compression ratio10.5:1
Combustion
TurbochargerTwin-turbo
Fuel systemD-4ST direct/port injection
Fuel type
  • Petrol
  • Petrol hybrid
Output
Power output260–310 kW (349–416 hp; 354–421 PS)
Specific power75.5–90 kW (101–121 hp; 103–122 PS) per litre
Torque output549–650 N⋅m (405–479 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
Predecessor1UR-FE/1UR-FSE/3UR-FE (V8)

The V35A engine is a V6 engine series that was first introduced in 2017 for the XF50 series Lexus LS. Despite its "35" nomenclature and being advertised as a 3.5-litre engine, its actual displacement is 3.4 L (3,445 cc).

Model Applications Vehicle chassis code Power Torque Calendar years Notes
V35A-FTS Land Cruiser VJA300 305 kW (409 hp; 415 PS) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,600 rpm 2021–present
Sequoia Hybrid VXKH80
VXKH85 		290 kW (389 hp; 394 PS) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm 2022–present
Tundra VXKA70
VXKA71
VXKA72
VXKA75
VXKA76
VXKA77 		260–290 kW (349–389 hp; 354–394 PS) at 5,200 rpm 549 N⋅m (405 lb⋅ft) at 2,000 rpm
650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm 		2021–present
Tundra Hybrid VXKH70
VXKH71
VXKH75
VXKH76 		290 kW (389 hp; 394 PS) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm 2021–present
Lexus LS 500 VXFA50
VXFA55 		310 kW (416 hp; 421 PS) at 6,000 rpm 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) at 1,600–4,800 rpm 2017–present
Lexus LX 600 VJA310 305 kW (409 hp; 415 PS) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,600 rpm 2021–present
Lexus GX 550 VJA250 260 kW (349 hp; 354 PS) at 5,200 rpm 650 N⋅m (479 lb⋅ft) at 2,000–3,600 rpm 2023–present

V35A-FTS[edit]

The twin-turbocharged version with 10.5:1 compression ratio. Pumping losses have been reduced by electrification of the waste gate of the twin turbo system. The engine achieves 37% thermal efficiency.[17] A hybridised version (marketed as "i-Force Max" in North America) is also available with the same engine designation as the regular variant.

The hybridised version was named Ward's World's 10 Best Engines list in 2022.[18]

Applications (calendar years):

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Reynolds, Kim (7 May 2015). "How the Toyota New Global Architecture Will Impact Mass-Car Building". Motor Trend. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  2. ^ "Features of Toyota's New Powertrain". Toyota Motor Corporation. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Toyota's New Model Yaris Makes World Premiere" (Press release). Japan: Toyota. 16 October 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  4. ^ a b "All-New Lexus NX Premieres, Heraldling the Start of the Lexus Next Chapter" (Press release). Toyota. 12 June 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  5. ^ Tan, Danny (21 June 2021). "2022 Lexus NX officially revealed - second-gen SUV gets PHEV, 2.4 Turbo; new rear logo, interior concept". paultan.org. Malaysia. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  6. ^ Lee, Jonathan (29 July 2020). "2020 Toyota Yaris detailed for Europe – 125 PS petrol and 116 PS hybrid with 1.5 litre NA three-cylinder". paultan.org. Malaysia. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  7. ^ "Toyota Corolla Sedan, 1.5 Dynamic Force motora kavuştu" [Toyota Corolla Sedan gets 1.5 Dynamic Force engine]. Motor1.com (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  8. ^ "Toyota Hyryder SUV breaks cover; bookings open". Autocar India. 1 July 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  9. ^ a b Daniels, Pearl (7 September 2022). "Maruti Grand Vitara SUV Homologated - 10 Variants, GVW 1,755 Kgs". RushLane. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  10. ^ "Toyota opens TNGA assembly line at Bidadi plant | Team-BHP". Team-BHP.com. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  11. ^ "2.0-liter Dynamic Force Engine, a New 2.0-liter Direct-injection, Inline 4-cylinder Gasoline Engine" (Press release). Japan: Toyota. 26 February 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  12. ^ "อุปกรณ์มาตรฐานและข้อมูลทางเทคนิค CAMRY" [Standard equipment and technical data CAMRY]. Thailand: Toyota. 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  13. ^ "Attainable Premium, Actualized: All-New 2019 Toyota Avalon Beams Effortless Sophistication, Style, and Exhilaration at the 2018 North American International Auto Show" (Press release). Japan: Toyota. 15 January 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  14. ^ "2017 Toyota Camry Press Kit" (Press release). Australia: Toyota. 20 November 2017. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  15. ^ "Turbocharged performance and connected services raise the bar for Toyota Kluger" (Press release). Toyota Australia. 7 December 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  16. ^ Beckford, Andrew (30 May 2023). "2024 Toyota Tacoma Hybrid Engine: Everything to Know About the i-Force MAX". Motor Trend. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  17. ^ Yamazaki, Daichi; Mori, Akio; Murase, Eiji (3 April 2018). "The Development of a New V6 3.5L Turbocharged Gasoline Engine". SAE Technical Paper Series. Vol. 1. US: Society of Automotive Engineers. doi:10.4271/2018-01-0366. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  18. ^ Winter, Drew (17 October 2022). "Drivers Will Appreciate Toyota's Civilized Beast of a Powertrain". WardsAuto. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
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