Troll doll
 | |
| Type | Doll |
|---|---|
| Inventor(s) | Thomas Dam |
| Company | Dam Things (1959-2013) DreamWorks Animation (2013-present) |
| Country | Denmark |
| Availability | 1959–present |
A troll doll is a type of plastic doll with furry hair depicting a troll, also known as a Dam doll after their creator Danish woodcutter Thomas Dam, or as a Gonk Troll in the UK.
They were originally created in 1959, and became one of the United States' biggest toy fads in the early 1960s. They became fads again in brief periods from the 1970s through the 1990s and were copied by several manufacturers under different names. During the 1990s, several video games and a video show were created based on troll dolls. In 2003, the Dam company restored their United States copyrights, stopping unlicensed production. In 2005, the brand was modernized under the name Trollz, but it failed in the marketplace.[1]
In 2010, it was announced that DreamWorks Animation was making a feature film based on the dolls, set for release in 2016.[2][3] On April 11, 2013, DreamWorks Animation announced that they had purchased the Troll doll brand outright from the Dam company.[4]
History
Troll dolls were originally created in 1959 by Danish fisherman and woodcutter Thomas Dam. Dam could not afford a Christmas gift for his young daughter Lila and carved the doll from his imagination. Other children in the Danish town of Gjøl saw the troll doll and wanted one.[5] Dam's company Dam Things began producing the dolls in plastic under the name Good Luck Trolls.[6] The dolls became popular in several European countries during the early 1960s, shortly before they were introduced in the United States. They became one of the United States' biggest toy fads from the autumn of 1963 to 1965. The originals were of the highest quality, also called Dam dolls and featuring sheep wool hair and glass eyes. Their sudden popularity, along with an error in the copyright notice of Thomas Dam's original product, resulted in cheaper imitations..
The Dam company never stopped making the trolls in Europe, where they were always a popular item. In the late 1980s, the Dam trolls started making another comeback in North America. The E.F.S. Marketing Associates, Inc (located in Farmingdale, New York) was one of the few corporations which was granted permission to import and market the Thomas Dam trolls for resale in the United States. These Dam Trolls were marketed under the trade name of Norfin (R) Trolls, with the Adopt A Norfin Troll logo on the tags.
During the period of popularity in the early- to mid-1990s, several attempts were made to market the troll dolls to young boys. This included action figure lines such as The Original Battle Trolls from Hasbro, the Stone Protectors franchise, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle Trolls. The popular Mighty Max line also had a series named Hairy Heads, also known as Dread Heads.
There was also a 30 minute DiC cartoon special in 1992 called Magical Super Trolls which featured an evil troll named Craven.[7]
A platform video game simply titled Trolls was released in 1993 for Amiga, DOS, and C64.[8] Other games were released for the NES and SNES (Super Troll Islands). This fad also saw a 1994 re-release of the game Dudes with Attitude simply modified into Trolls on Treasure Island.
The 1990s troll doll fad also included The Trollies Radio Show, which was a direct-to-video musical with trolls singing hits such as "Kokomo," "Woolly Bully," and "Doo Wah Diddy," as well as some original songs.
In 1994, the Dam copyright was restored by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. The Uneeda Doll Company, a company that made millions of US dollars by manufacturing troll dolls in the U.S., challenged the restoration. The Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit upheld the lower court's preliminary injunction, enjoining Uneeda from manufacturing, distributing, or selling "Wish-nik" troll dolls.[9]
In 2003, Toy Industry Association named troll dolls to its Century of Toys List, a list of the 100 most memorable and most creative toys of the 20th century.[10]
In 2005, the troll brand was licensed to DIC Entertainment and modernized in an animated series called Trollz. It stars five trolls who live in a world of ogres, gnomes, dragons, and a bit of magic, but who have the same problems as teens everywhere: boyfriends, pimples, clothes, money, school, and finding out what it means to grow Trollish. Products such as fashion dolls and fashion accessories were also sold under the Trollz name.[11] The new Trollz campaign was not successful. In 2007, the Danish company filed a lawsuit against DIC Entertainment claiming that the company financially misrepresented its ability to create and market a modern troll doll toy campaign and destroyed the image and goodwill of the doll.[12]
On 11 April 2013, DreamWorks Animation announced that it has acquired the intellectual property for the Trolls franchise from the Dam Family and Dam Things. DreamWorks Animation has "big plans for the franchise" and has become the exclusive worldwide licensor of the merchandise rights, except for Scandinavia, where Dam Things remains the licensor.[4] Since 2010, DreamWorks Animation has been producing a computer-animated musical comedy film based on the Troll dolls,[13] scheduled for 2016. It is being directed by Mike Mitchell and co-directed by Walt Dohrn, with Anna Kendrick and Justin Timberlake providing the voices.[14]
References
- ^ http://www.trollsdolls.com/tag/varieties-of-trolls-dolls/
- ^ "DreamWorks Animation to Bring Trolls Out of Hiding". DreamWorks Animation. June 23, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Chitwood, Adam (May 16, 2013). "DreamWorks Animation Moves B.O.O. Release Up to June 5, 2015 and TROLLS to November 4, 2016; Fox Dates ANUBIS and FERDINAND". Collider.com. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b "DreamWorks Animation Acquires IP For Trolls With Plans To Take Iconic Dolls' Brand (And Hair) To New Heights". DreamWorks Animation. April 11, 2013. Retrieved April 13, 2013.
- ^ "www.goodlucktrolls.com". www.goodlucktrolls.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2009.
- ^ BNA's patent, trademark & copyright journal Bureau of National Affairs (Arlington, Va.) - 2002 "In the 1950s, Danish woodcarver Thomas Dam created a plastic mould to shape a doll that he began producing as the “Good Luck Trolls.” Dam's company, Dam Things from Denmark, holds valid Danish copyrights in the trolls"
- ^ Super Trolls Syndication
- ^ Trolls 1993 Computer game at MobyGames
- ^ Troll Company v. Uneeda Doll Company, 483 F.3d 150 (2d Cir. April 13, 2007). Retrieved October 25, 2011.
- ^ "Toy Industry Association Announces Its Century of Toys List." Business Wire, 21 January 2003.. Retrieved 31 October 2008.
- ^ http://www.trollz.com/home/products.php
- ^ "Lawsuit Charges Fraud In Deals for Iconic Troll Doll; DIC Entertainment ``Cynically Concealed´´ Financial Woes - 31/10/07 - 305539". elEconomista.es. 2007-10-31. Retrieved 2010-06-23.
- ^ DreamWorks Animation SKG (June 23, 2010). "DreamWorks Animation to Bring Trolls Out of Hiding" (Press release). PR Newswire. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
- ^ Lieberman, David (September 15, 2015). "Justin Timberlake To Add His Voice To DreamWorks Animation's 'Trolls'". Deadline. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
