Turkmen tribes
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The major Turkmen tribes are Teke (Tekke), Yomut (Yomud), Arsary (Ersari), Chowdur (Choudur), and Saryk (Saryq).
The five traditional carpet designs that form motifs in the coat of arms of Turkmenistan and its flag belong to these tribes (and are named after them; for example, "Yomut carpet").
Other tribes of Turkmen people include Salyr (Salor), a tribe that declined as a result of military defeat before the modern period, and several smaller tribes and subtribes.
- The Tekke Turkomans practiced agriculture in the Akhal oasis on the north slope of the Kopet Dagh. See Battle of Geok Tepe (1879).
- The Yormuds were attacked by General von Kaufmann following the invasion of Khiva in 1873.