Jin-class submarine
Profile of the Type 094
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Type 094 submarine
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Type 094 (Jin class) |
| Builders: | Bohai Shipyard, Huludao, China |
| Operators: |
|
| Preceded by: | Type 092 (Xia class) |
| Succeeded by: | Type 096 (Tang class) |
| Cost: | $750 million per unit[1] |
| In commission: | 2007–present[2] |
| Planned: | 8 (projected)[3] |
| Active: | 4[4] |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Ballistic missile submarine |
| Displacement: | 11,000 tons submerged.[5] |
| Length: | 135 m (442 ft 11 in)[6] |
| Beam: | 12.5 m (41 ft 0 in) |
| Propulsion: | Nuclear reactor, 1 shaft |
| Range: | Unlimited |
| Armament: | Missiles: 12 JL-2 SLBM |
The Type 094 (simplified Chinese: 09-IV型核潜艇; traditional Chinese: 09-IV型核潛艇; Chinese designation: 09-IV; NATO reporting name: Jin class) is a class of ballistic missile submarine developed by China for the People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force. The Type 094 succeeds the Type 092 submarine.
Background[edit]
The Type 094 was first spotted in 2006 on commercial satellite imagery of the Xiaopingdao Submarine Base. It was noted as being longer than the Type 092.[6] Two Type 094s were spotted at the Bohai Shipyard in May 2007, although it was not clear if these included the one spotted in 2006.[7]
One was operational in 2010,[2] three in 2013,[8] and four in 2015.[4] As many as eight may enter service by 2020.[3]
The PRC is interested in augmenting its ICBM forces with SSBNs to enhance its comprehensive nuclear deterrent force.[9] Nuclear deterrent patrols commenced in December 2015.[10]
Description[edit]
The Type 094 is armed with 12 JL-2 SLBMs, each with an estimated range of 7,400 km (4,600 mi).[8][11] According to Global Security, the missile reportedly can carry 3 to 4 (MIRV) nuclear warheads.[12] The Type 094 and JL-2 will give China "its first credible sea-based nuclear strike capability."[13]
Globalsecurity.org notes that a Type 094 patrolling just northeast of the Kuril Islands would be able to strike three-quarters of the contiguous United States;[14] whereas launching from Chinese coastal waters would barely reach the Aleutian Islands.[15] Thomas-Noone and Medcalf note that the Type 094's noisiness would make it difficult for it to reach and maintain patrol areas where it could strike at the contiguous United States; no such limitations would exist against Indian targets.[16]
Noise[edit]
In 2009, USN ONI listed the Type 094 as being slightly noisier than Project 667BDR (NATO reporting name Delta III) from the late-1970s,[17] some of which were in service through 2015 with the Russian navy.[18]
Type 094A[edit]
The Type 094A is a variant with a modified and improved sail. The sail appears to incorporate features from one installed on a modified Type 093.[19]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Till, G. (Ed.), Chan, J. (Ed.). (2014). Naval Modernisation in South-East Asia. London: Routledge. Page 23.
- ^ a b United States Department of Defense. Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2010 (PDF) (Report). pp. 3 (pp12 of PDF). Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- ^ a b Fisher, Richard D, Jr. (19 April 2015). "US upgrades assessment of China's Type 094 SSBN fleet". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ a b United States Office of Naval Intelligence. The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century (PDF) (Report). p. 20. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- ^ LaGrone, Sam; Majumdar, Dave (9 June 2014). "Chinese Weapons That Worry the Pentagon". usni.org. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- ^ a b Kristensen, Hans M. (5 July 2007). "New Chinese Ballistic Missile Submarine Spotted". fas.org. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- ^ Kristensen, Hans M. (4 October 2007). "Two More Chinese SSBNs Spotted". fas.org. Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- ^ a b United States Department of Defense (May 2013). Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013 (PDF) (Report). pp. 6 (pp14 of PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ^ "Does China have an effective sea-based nuclear deterrent?". ChinaPowerCSIS.
- ^ Fisher, Richard D., Jr. (16 December 2015). "China advances sea- and land-based nuclear deterrent capabilities". Jane's Defence Weekly. Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group. 53 (6). ISSN 0265-3818.
- ^ National Air and Space Intelligence Center (2013). Ballistic & Cruise Missile Threat (PDF) (Report). p. 25. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- ^ "JL-2 (CSS-NX-14)". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
- ^ "Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2009" (PDF). Office of the Secretary of Defense: 48 (pp60 of PDF).
- ^ Pike, John, ed. (20 January 2015). "Type 094 Jin-class Ballistic Missile Submarine". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ Pike, John, ed. (20 March 2014). "JL-2 (CSS-NX-14)". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ Thomas-Noone, Brendan; Medcalf, Rory (September 2015). Nuclear-armed submarines in Indo-Pacific Asia: Stabiliser or menace? (PDF) (Report). Lowy Institute for International Policy. p. 6 (pp8 of PDF). Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ Office of Naval Intelligence (August 2009). The People's Liberation Army Navy, A Modern Navy with Chinese Characteristics (PDF) (Report). p. 22 (pp25 of PDF). Retrieved 24 January 2015.
- ^ Novichkov, Nikolai (13 August 2015). "Russia's new maritime doctrine". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ Fisher, Richard D, Jr. (15 July 2016). "Images show possible new variant of China's Type 094 SSBN". IHS Jane's 360. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
External links[edit]
- 094 ballistic missile submarine (in Chinese)
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Type 09IV submarines. |