Walter Zellot

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Walter Zellot
Born6 October 1920
Spittal an der Drau, Austria
Died10 September 1942(1942-09-10) (aged 21)
Stalingrad, Soviet Union
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branchBalkenkreuz (Iron Cross) Luftwaffe
RankLeutnant (second lieutenant)
UnitJG 53
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Walter Zellot (6 October 1920 – 10 September 1942) was a World War II fighter pilot from Nazi Germany. Zellot is credited with shooting down 86 Allied aircraft in 296 combat missions. Among these 83 were achieved over the Eastern Front.

Career[edit]

Zellot was born on 6 October 1920in Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia of the Republic of Austria.[1] In 1941, Tonne was posted Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing) where he was assigned to 1. Staffel (1st Squadron).[2] On 6 June. I. Gruppe moved to Mannheim-Sandhofen Airfield.[3] Following a maintenance overhaul of the aircraft, I. Gruppe moved to an airfield named Krzewicza located near Międzyrzec Podlaski, approximately 65 kilometers (40 miles) west of Brest, from 12 to 14 June.[4]

Operation Barbarossa and Malta[edit]

On 22 June, the Geschwader crossed into Soviet airspace in support of Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, which opened the Eastern Front. I. Gruppe took off on its first mission at 3:40 am, escorting Junkers Ju 87 dive bombers.[5] On the second mission of the day which took off at 9:10 am, again escorting Ju 87 dive bombers, Zellot claimed his first aerial victory when he shot down a Polikarpov I-16 fighter.[6] Supporting the German attack, the Gruppe moved to Pruzhany on 25 June, to Baranavichy on 29 June, to Hostynne the next day, reaching Dubno on 5 July.[7] Here, Zellot claimed his second aerial victory on 6 July.[8]

In December 1941, I. Gruppe was moved to Mediterranean air bases at Gela in Sicily where they fought in the aerial battles of the Siege of Malta.[9]

Eastern Front[edit]

In early May 1942, I. Gruppe was transferred back to the Eastern Front. Prior to the relocation, the Gruppe received a full complement of 41 factory new Messerschmitt Bf 109 F-4 aircraft at Schwäbisch Hall before heading for Prague Ruzyne Airfield on 28 May. The following day, I. Gruppe flew to Kursk. There, the Gruppe supported the German 4th Panzer Army in its advance towards Voronezh during Case Blue, the 1942 strategic summer offensive in southern Russia between 28 June and 24 November 1942.[10]

Squadron leader and death[edit]

On 19 August 1942, Zellot was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 2. Staffel of JG 53, replacing Hauptmann Klaus Quaet-Faslem who was transferred.[11] On 23 August, German forces launched the Battle of Stalingrad with the 16th Panzer Division, and elements of the 3rd Motorized Infantry Division and 60th Motorized Infantry Division crossing the Don near Vertyachy. That day, Zellot claimed four aerial victories in support of the German attack.[12]

However, earlier on the same day of his appointment on 19 August 1942, his Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 14189—factory number) was shot-up by a Soviet fighter,[13] probably the Yakovlev Yak-1 flown by future ace Boris M. Vasilyev (929 IAP).[14] Zellot was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) on 3 September 1942 following his 75th aerial victory.[15]

On 10 September 1942, Zellot was killed in action while engaged in a low-level attack on Soviet troops northwest of Stalingrad, shot down by anti-aircraft fire.[11] He bailed out at low altitude, insufficient for his parachute to open, and was killed.[16] According to Prien, Zellot may have been shot down by friendly fire. His Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 13487) had its tail blown off and crashed 20 kilometers (12 miles) east of Vertyachy. At the time oh his death, he was the most successful fighter pilot of I. Gruppe of JG 53.[17] Zellot was temporarily succeeded by Oberleutnant Friedrich-Karl Müller as commander of 2. Staffel. In parallel, Müller who was officially heading 1. Staffel of JG 53.[18]

Summary of military career[edit]

Aerial victory claims[edit]

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Zellot was credited with 85 aerial victories.[19] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 84 aerial victory claims, including 81 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and three on the Western Front.[20]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 49721". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[21]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Zellot an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim Date Time Type Location Claim Date Time Type Location
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –[22]
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 7 August 1941
1 22 June 1941 09:45 I-16[23] 7 18 July 1941 04:50 Pe-2 south of Vasylkiv[24]
2 6 July 1941 15:25 Pe-2 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Proskuriv[25] 8 26 July 1941 11:00 V-11 (Il-2)[24]
3 10 July 1941 15:30?[Note 1] SB-3[25] 9 27 July 1941 15:00 I-16 north of Bila Tserkva[24]
4 11 July 1941 11:10 SB-2[25]?[Note 2] 10 31 July 1941 19:20 I-16 north of Novomyrhorod[26]
5 11 July 1941 11:20 DB-3[25]?[Note 2] 11?[Note 3] 2 August 1941 05:10 I-16 12 km (7.5 mi) southeast of Novomyrhorod[26]
6?[Note 3] 11 July 1941 19:37 I-16[25] 12 5 August 1941 18:15 Pe-2 southeast of Kyiv[26]
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –[27]
Mediterranean Theater — 15 December 1941 – 30 April 1942
13 27 December 1941 12:07 Hurricane 30 km (19 mi) east of Malta[28] 15 21 April 1942 12:45 Spitfire[28] near Malta
14 20 April 1942 18:05 Spitfire[28] near Malta
– 1. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –[27]
Eastern Front — 28 May 1942 – 18 August 1942
16 4 June 1942 14:37 I-61 (MiG-3)[29] 37 6 August 1942 07:05 Il-2 PQ 49721[30]
30 km (19 mi) northeast of Aksal
17 2 July 1942 07:10 MiG-1[31] 38 6 August 1942 07:10 MiG-1 PQ 49721[30]
30 km (19 mi) northeast of Aksal
18 3 July 1942 18:20 LaGG-3 4 km (2.5 mi) east of Sossne-Olynn[31] 39 7 August 1942 05:45 Pe-2 PQ 4959[30]
45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Aksal
19 6 July 1942 07:50 LaGG-3 30 km (19 mi) east of Livny[31] 40 7 August 1942 05:47 Il-2 PQ 4959[30]
45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Aksal
20 9 July 1942 11:15 Il-2[31] 41 7 August 1942 05:50 Il-2 west of Zarza[30]
21 11 July 1942 13:50 R-5[31] 42 8 August 1942 12:53?[Note 4] LaGG-3 PQ 4953[30]
35 km (22 mi) south of Stalingrad
22 12 July 1942 06:03 Pe-2[31] 43 9 August 1942 05:30 Er-2 PQ 4942[30]
30 km (19 mi) east-southeast of Stalingrad
23 25 July 1942 09:00 Il-2[32] 44 9 August 1942 13:32 Il-2 southwest of Kalach-na-Donu[30]
24 25 July 1942 09:12 Il-2[32] 45 9 August 1942 13:32 Il-2 southwest of Kalach-na-Donu[33]
25 26 July 1942 08:56 MiG-1[32] 46 9 August 1942 13:36 Il-2 PQ 3944[33]
20 km (12 mi) southeast of Kalach-na-Donu
26 27 July 1942 18:30 I-16 8 km (5.0 mi) southwest of Budennovskaya[32] 47 10 August 1942 17:14 MiG-3 northeast of Bereska[33]
27 27 July 1942 18:36 I-16 3 km (1.9 mi) southwest of Budennovskaya[32] 48 10 August 1942 18:00 MiG-3 PQ 4984[33]
20 km (12 mi) east of Aksal
28 31 July 1942 13:00 I-15?[Note 5] 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Kalach-na-Donu[34] 49 12 August 1942 04:15 LaGG-3 southwest of Bereska[33]
29 31 July 1942 15:35 Il-2 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Katschalinskaja[34] 50 12 August 1942 04:30 Il-2 PQ 3977[33]
35 km (22 mi) north-northwest of Kotelnikovo
30 1 August 1942 07:00 LaGG-3 north of Kalach-na-Donu[34] 51♠ 13 August 1942 06:15 I-153 PQ 4911[33]
15 km (9.3 mi) north-northeast of Pitomnik Airfield
31 1 August 1942 07:05 LaGG-3 PQ 39332[34]
15 km (9.3 mi) southwest of Kalach-na-Donu 		52♠ 13 August 1942 06:17 I-153 PQ 4911[33]
15 km (9.3 mi) north-northeast of Pitomnik Airfield
32 1 August 1942 07:16 LaGG-3 northeast of Kalach-na-Donu[34] 53♠ 13 August 1942 17:48 Il-2 PQ 3941[33]
10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Kalach-na-Donu
33 2 August 1942 05:35 Il-2 PQ 39223[34]
25 km (16 mi) northwest of Pitomnik Airfield 		54♠ 13 August 1942 18:05 LaGG-3 PQ 3933[33]
10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Kalach-na-Donu
34 2 August 1942 05:50 MiG-1 southeast of Wertjatschij[34] 55♠ 13 August 1942 18:10 LaGG-3 PQ 3941[33]
10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Kalach-na-Donu
35 2 August 1942 05:55 MiG-1 PQ 39234[34]
20 km (12 mi) north of Pitomnik Airfield 		56 14 August 1942 17:40 LaGG-3 PQ 4922[35]
36 4 August 1942 16:35 MiG-1 PQ 38259[36]
20 km (12 mi) south of Shutow 		57 17 August 1942 15:16 Yak-1 northeast of Kotluban railway station[35]
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 –[37]
Eastern Front — 19 August – 10 September 1942
58 19 August 1942 08:35 LaGG-3 PQ 30853[35]
25 km (16 mi) northwest of Pitomnik Airfield 		73 30 August 1942 16:14 I-180 (Yak-7) PQ 49392[38]
25 km (16 mi) south of Stalingrad
59 20 August 1942 17:30 MiG-3 PQ 49533[35]
30 km (19 mi) south of Stalingrad 		74 1 September 1942 08:15?[Note 6] LaGG-3 PQ 49394[40]
25 km (16 mi) south of Stalingrad
60 21 August 1942 04:55 LaGG-3 PQ 49674[41]
50 km (31 mi) south-southeast of Stalingrad 		75 2 September 1942 17:14 LaGG-3 PQ 49173[40]
45 km (28 mi) east of Stalingrad
61 22 August 1942 10:30?[Note 7] I-16 PQ 49473[41]
30 km (19 mi) south-southeast of Stalingrad 		76 3 September 1942 06:45 Yak-1 PQ 49293[40]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad
62 23 August 1942 08:25?[Note 8] MiG-3 PQ 49124[41]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Gumrak 		77 3 September 1942 09:15?[Note 9] Il-2 PQ 49361[40]
15 km (9.3 mi) south of Stalingrad
63 23 August 1942 08:52 LaGG-3 PQ 49131[41]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka 		78 3 September 1942 12:10?[Note 10] LaGG-3 PQ 49174[40]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka
64 23 August 1942 13:35 MiG-3 PQ 49271[41]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Stalingrad 		79 4 September 1942 13:11?[Note 11] LaGG-3 PQ 49282[40]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Stalingrad
65 23 August 1942 13:43 MiG-3 PQ 49243[41]
10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Stalingrad 		80 4 September 1942 13:33?[Note 12] LaGG-3 PQ 49254[40]
10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Stalingrad
66 24 August 1942 08:25 Yak-4 PQ 49261[38]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad 		81 6 September 1942 15:35?[Note 13] Pe-2?[Note 13] PQ 49252[40]
25 km (16 mi) east of Stalingrad
67 27 August 1942 08:37 I-180 (Yak-7) PQ 49211[38]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad 		82 8 September 1942 11:30 Il-2 PQ 49124[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Gumrak
68 27 August 1942 08:42?[Note 14] I-180 (Yak-7) PQ 49263[38]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad 		83 8 September 1942 15:30?[Note 15] La-5 PQ 49334[42]
5 km (3.1 mi) south of Stalingrad
69 28 August 1942 05:40 LaGG-3 PQ 49432[38]
30 km (19 mi) southeast of Stalingrad 		84 8 September 1942 15:34?[Note 16] La-5 PQ 49321[42]
25 km (16 mi) east of Stalingrad
70 28 August 1942 14:40 LaGG-3 PQ 50792[38]
80 km (50 mi) east-northeast of Stalingrad 		85 9 September 1942 14:34 Yak-1 PQ 40882[42]
50 km (31 mi) north of Gumrak
71 28 August 1942 14:48?[Note 17] MiG-1 PQ 50783[38]
65 km (40 mi) northeast of Stalingrad 		86 10 September 1942 06:03?[Note 18] La-5 PQ 49254[42]
5 km (3.1 mi) north of Bassargino
72 29 August 1942 12:44 P-40 PQ 49222[38]
25 km (16 mi) northeast of Stalingrad

Awards[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 19:30.[2]
  2. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Tupolev SB-3.[2]
  3. ^ a b This claim is notlisted by Mathews and Foreman.[22]
  4. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 12:50.[27]
  5. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Polikarpov I-153.[27]
  6. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:14.[39]
  7. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:35.[27]
  8. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:35.[27]
  9. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:25.[39]
  10. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 12:00.[39]
  11. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:18.[39]
  12. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:22.[39]
  13. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:36 over an Ilyushin Il-2.[39]
  14. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:43.[39]
  15. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:20.[39]
  16. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:24.[39]
  17. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:46.[39]
  18. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 06:13.[39]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 228.
  2. ^ a b c Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1459.
  3. ^ Prien 1997, p. 244.
  4. ^ Prien 1997, p. 252.
  5. ^ Prien 1997, p. 260.
  6. ^ Prien 1997, p. 262.
  7. ^ Prien et al. 2003, p. 98.
  8. ^ Prien 1997, p. 272.
  9. ^ Prien 1997, p. 333.
  10. ^ Prien 1998, p. 410.
  11. ^ a b Weal 2007, p. 75.
  12. ^ Prien 1998, p. 420.
  13. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 41.
  14. ^ Bykov 2008, p. [page needed].
  15. ^ Prien 1998, p. 423.
  16. ^ Weal 2001, p. 54.
  17. ^ Prien 1998, pp. 425, 433.
  18. ^ Prien 1998, p. 427.
  19. ^ Zabecki 2014, p. 1614.
  20. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1459–1461.
  21. ^ Planquadrat.
  22. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1459–1460.
  23. ^ Prien et al. 2003, p. 107.
  24. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2003, p. 110.
  25. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2003, p. 108.
  26. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2003, p. 111.
  27. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1460.
  28. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2004, p. 66.
  29. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 21.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2006, p. 27.
  31. ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2006, p. 23.
  32. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2006, p. 24.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2006, p. 28.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2006, p. 25.
  35. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 29.
  36. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 26.
  37. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1460–1461.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2006, p. 31.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1461.
  40. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2006, p. 32.
  41. ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2006, p. 30.
  42. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2006, p. 33.
  43. ^ Dixon 2023, p. 230.
  44. ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 223.
  45. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 528.
  46. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 456.
  47. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 803.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  • Bykov, Mijail Yurevich (2008). Асы Великой Отечественной Войны. Самые результативные лётчики 1941-1945 гг. (Asy Velikoy Otechestvennoy Voyny. Samye rezultativnye liotchiki 1941-45 gg) (in Russian). Moscow.: Yauza-EKSMO. ISBN 978-5-699-20526-4.
  • Dixon, Jeremy (2023). Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe: Knight's Cross Holders 1939–1942. Pen and Sword Books. ISBN 978-1-52677-864-2.
  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer [in German] (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
  • Mijail Yurevich Bykov (2008). Асы Великой Отечественной Войны. Самые результативные лётчики 1941-1945 гг. (Asy Velikoy Otechestvennoy Voyny. Samye rezultativnye liotchiki 1941-45 gg), Yauza-EKSMO, Moscow.
  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
  • Prien, Jochen (1997). Jagdgeschwader 53 A History of the "Pik As" Geschwader March 1937 – May 1942. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7643-0175-9.
  • Prien, Jochen (1998). Jagdgeschwader 53 A History of the "Pik As" Geschwader May 1942 – January 1944. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7643-0292-3.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/II—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/II—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-70-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2004). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 8/II—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—November 1941 bis Dezember 1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 8/II—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—November 1941 to December 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-74-8.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1 May 1942 bis 3 February 1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-78-6.
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
  • Weal, John (2001). Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 37. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-084-1.
  • Weal, John (2007). Jagdgeschwader 53 "Pik-As". Aviation Elite Units. Vol. 25. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-204-2.
  • Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-981-3.
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