Wikipedia:WikiProject Japan/Peer review

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WikiProject Japan (Talk)

Founded: 18 March 2006 (19 years, 10 months and 22 days ago) Articles: 104,441 (200 featured)
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Peer reviews for Wikipedia:WikiProject Japan

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Requests

Fair Trade Commission (Japan)

Article (edit | visual edit | history) · Article talk (edit | history) · Watch • Watch peer review

I'm hoping to get some feedback on what else I could possibly add that would be useful to a general reader. I have a *lot* of information that I could put into this article, but it's very scattered and I'd like to spend my time efficiently.

Thanks, Meepmeepyeet (talk) 23:10, 19 July 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Hey Meepmeepyeet, are you still interested in comments from other editors, or can this be closed? If you are, you may want to reach out to relevant WikiProjects, such as Japan's, for assistance. Let me know either way! —TechnoSquirrel69 (sigh) 16:41, 24 September 2025 (UTC)[reply]

I am, and I have, but the project seems pretty inactive for the moment for whatever reason... Meepmeepyeet (talk) 17:06, 24 September 2025 (UTC)[reply]

LastJabberwocky

Hi, I will look mostly through possible formatting issues, and hopefully get a prose review; article isn't that long to do a partial review. :) —LastJabberwocky (Rrarr) 17:21, 12 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Sorry, I just now read that had a particular request about broadness, not everything :). Would you favor more prose suggestions or solely broadness suggestions? —LastJabberwocky (Rrarr) 10:55, 13 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Hi @LastJabberwocky! I'm so sorry - I'm just seeing this. I certainly wouldn't mind prose suggestions, since at the moment I just wanna make sure that it's mostly coherent. Meepmeepyeet (talk) 23:43, 26 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

As for what has already been suggested:

Standardized.
Uncapped.
I believe everything has a publication date as written in the publication.
Dates have all been adjusted.
I went through and added some more links to the page.
Cartels and Zaibatsu are the same thing - I've rewritten the prose to clarify.

Thank you very much for your suggestions - they are much appreciated! Meepmeepyeet (talk) 00:00, 27 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Alright then, i will go over prose first before trying to make broadness suggestions. —LastJabberwocky (Rrarr) 10:44, 28 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

I have seen the further edits and will return to implement them within 48 hours. Meepmeepyeet (talk) 21:59, 29 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

Did my first series of comments and will do a second one after you address the current ones. —LastJabberwocky (Rrarr) 15:42, 30 December 2025 (UTC)[reply]

General

~~There different date formats (e.g., 2025-07-19 and July 20, 2025) you can use this template to automatically standardize them~~

The title of 16th and 31st ref is written in WP:ALLCAPS

Several refs lack publication date (e.g., 5, 23, 26)

Dec 2022 ----> December 2022

Oct 2019 ---> October 2019

Tokyo, Japan --> Tokyo, Japan [inside infobox]

~~Antimonopoly Act can be linked to Japanese competition law~~

You probably already thought about it; can we get more Japanese sources? I imagine Japanese sources should help with the article's broadness

Beginnings

The Antimonopoly Act (Japan) was passed in 1947 by a post-war Japanese government at the behest of the Supreme Command Allied Powers. ----> Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) was established as a part of the Antimonopoly Act passed in 1947 by a post-war Japanese government at the behest of the Supreme Command Allied Powers.

focused on cartels, or Zaibatsu, which owned 22.9% of total assets of Japanese stock market companies in 1945. Both of them owned 22.9% or just Zaibatsu? If the former, consider writing: focused on cartels or Zaibatsu, which jointly owned 22.9% of total assets of Japanese stock market companies in 1945.

stripe.com lacks a byline (an author), which may suggest it isn't quality. Consider switching it with another source.

The JFTC would continue to be weakened in its ability to enforce anti-trust law through 1974, in what one journalist called a “history of humiliation.” Factors such as Japanese culture, history, worker immobility, lack of accountability, and overreach from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) led to a lack of enforcement and action. ----> The JFTC would be continuously weakened in its ability to enforce anti-trust law through 1974, affected by such factors as Japanese culture, history, worker immobility, lack of accountability, and overreach from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). Reason: more concise? (1) Can you also explain how Japanese culture and Japanese history affected JFTC's work? (2) Some of the contents of this paragraph aren't verified by the inline source (macrotrends.net)
This led to major price-fixing scandals in the 1960s and 1970s, including Japanese companies in manufacturing, chemicals, automobiles, and shipbuilding. ----> The inactivity of JFTC contributed to major price-fixing scandals in the 1960s and 1970s, including Japanese companies in manufacturing, chemicals, automobiles, and shipbuilding.
Japan’s economy also flourished during this time, with gross domestic product rising from $47.42 billion in 1960 to $490.04 billion in 1974. The last straw for the Japan Diet came from oil and trade companies during 1973. Price-fixing became so bad that basic necessities, like detergent and toilet paper, disappeared from stores due to intentionally withheld inventory. Oil companies collaborated to increase prices through the Petroleum Association of Japan. ------> Although Japan's economy flourished during this time, with gross domestic product rising from $47.42 billion in 1960 to $490.04 billion in 1974, price-fixing became so severe that basic necessities, like detergent and toilet paper, disappeared from stores due to intentionally withheld inventory. The last straw for the national legislature, Japan Diet, came from oil and trade companies during 1973, where oil companies in particular collaborated to increase prices through the Petroleum Association of Japan.

Reforms

The need for more anti-trust enforcement strengthened the case for reform. In 1977, the Antimonopoly Act was amended to give more enforcement power to the JFTC. ----> Following the prevailing price-fixing incidents, the Antimonopoly Act was amended in 1977 to give more enforcement power to the JFTC.
Changes included the ability for an entrepreneur to break up a business if monopolistic conditions existed, the requirement for surcharges on illegal cartels, reporting requirements, and the partial elimination of Zaibatsu by restricting the ability of large corporations to hold the stock of other corporations. Can you explain the entrepreneur's ability to break up their business? Didn't they already have that ability; but now the break up is an obligation (in case of a monopoly)?
These changes were pushed for by then-chair Toshihide Takahashi, who wanted to push the message to Japanese and international businesses that the JFTC was to be feared. ---> These changes were pushed by then-chair Toshihide Takahashi, who wanted to assert the message to Japanese and international businesses that the JFTC was to be feared.
- Just to be safe: This one feels dangerously close to a mind-reading of what message JFTC wanted to push. Is there a quote of the JFTC representative saying this? Also consider adding another ref to support this statement.
Even after the 1977 changes, Zaibastu were still alive and well in Japan due to the pro-cartel environment. Subsequent changes to the Antimonopoly Act once again carved out exemptions for Zaibastu at the behest of the MITI. Consider expanding on "pro-cartel environment" that helped carterls to evade the JFTC enforcement.
Under a push for greater transparency, the Advisory Group on Distribution Systems, Business Practices, and Competition Policy met in nineteen different sessions to study and report on Japanese business practices and its distribution system. Under a push for greater transparency, JFTC established an expert panel—the Advisory Group on Distribution Systems, Business Practices, and Competition Policy—that met in nineteen different sessions to study and report Japanese business practices and its distribution system.
These guidelines provided new mechanisms for the JFTC to crack down on unfair trade practices by allowing criminal actions and surcharges to be brought against Japanese companies engaging in unlawful boycotts. Although criticized by scholars and journalists as weak, several barriers to entering the Japanese market were reduced, to the benefit of American companies. Sorry for my ignorance, trying to fully dive into the material. How unlawful boycotts are connected to unfair business practices? Unlawful boycotts of JFTC recommendations? Also consider clarifying how exactly the barriers of entry for foreign companies were reduced.

"Lost Decade" and technology regulation

By the early 2000s, the JFTC’s enforcement ability was once again heavily criticized. An analysis by the International Monetary Fund in 2003 concluded that in addition to several other monetary policy changes, stronger anti-trust enforcement was needed to help Japan out of its then-economic stagnation. During the Lost Decade period, the JFTC approved “depression cartels,” exemptions for companies from the AMA in an attempt to bolster Japan’s economy. Subsequent analysis found that these actions had the exact opposite effect and exacerbated Japan’s financial crisis. ----> By the early 2000s, the JFTC’s enforcement competence was once again heavily criticized. The 2003 analysis by the International Monetary Fund concluded that, in addition to several other monetary policy changes, Japanese economy needed stronger anti-trust enforcement to aid it amidst economic stagnation (Lost Decades). During the Lost Decades, the JFTC approved “depression cartels”, exemptions for companies from the AMA in an attempt to bolster Japan’s economy. Subsequent analysis found that these actions had the exact opposite effect and exacerbated Japan’s financial crisis.
- Is "depression cartels" an legal act? What its full name?
- What is AMA?
In more recent times, the JFTC has taken a critical eye to technology companies. In 2004, the JFTC raided Microsoft Japan’s headquarters to investigate whether the company had abused its dominant position in the market. According to the allegations from the JFTC, Microsoft Japan had inserted provisions into contracts with Japanese computer manufacturers preventing them from suing for patent violations, constituting an unfair trade practice. ---> In more recent times, the JFTC has taken a critical eye to technology companies, including an inquiry into Microsoft Japan activities, investigating whether the company had abused its dominant position in the market by inserting provisions into contracts with Japanese computer manufacturers preventing them from suing for patent violations, which was constituted by JFTC as an unfair trade practice. In 2004, the JFTC raided Microsoft Japa's headquarters as a part of this investigation.

Enforcement powers and philosophy

Much of the JFTC's activity focuses on merger and acquisition activity. The JFTC reviews around 300 transactions every year, including foreign transactions that could have an impact on the Japanese consumer market. Recent focuses for the JFTC have included digital marketplaces and "killer acquisitions," or companies acquiring smaller companies which could become strong competitors. ---> The JFTC reviews around 300 transactions every year, including foreign transactions that could have an impact on the Japanese consumer market. Much of JFTC's work focuses on the merger and acquisition transactions, and more recently", on digital marketplaces.
The JFTC has difficulty enforcing abuse of superior bargaining position cases due to Antimonopoly Act rules. Once a case is submitted for judicial review if challenged, there is no way for the commission to adjust the fine amount.
- I think you should further explain the difficulty; why the fine amount cannot be adjusted?
- Judicial review is a "process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary." So all reviews of superior bargaining cases are focused on government bodies?
In 2018, the JFTC started to use a more informal resolution process to get around this barrier called a "commitment procedure. This method has companies voluntarily fix problems in exchange for the JFTC ignoring any related law violations. ---> In 2018, the JFTC started to use a more informal resolution process to get around this barrier called a "commitment procedure", where companies voluntarily fix the problems pointed out by JFTC in exchange for the JFTC ignoring any related law violations.
Anti-cartel enforcement has been driven by a leniency program introduced in January 2006. JFTC introduced the leniency program?

'Structure and members' section doesn't seem to need 'Current members' subsection as there are no 'past members' subsection - July 2025

Old requests