Will H. Bradley
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Will H. Bradley | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Bradley, from Posters in Miniature, 1896 | |
| Born | William Henry Bradley 10 July 1868 |
| Died | 25 January 1962 |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | Illustration, graphic design, typography, printing, writing, film |
| Movement | Art Nouveau |
William Henry Bradley (10 July 1868 – 25 January 1962) was an American Art Nouveau illustrator and artist. Nicknamed the "Dean of American Designers" by The Saturday Evening Post,[1] he was the highest paid American artist of the early 20th century.
Biography
Bradley was born 10 July 1868 in Boston, Massachusetts to Aaron Bradley and Sarah Rowland.[2] At the age of 12 he obtained a job as an apprentice for a weekly newspaper — the Iron Agitator, later known as the Iron Ore — in Ishpeming, Michigan. He had moved there with his mother to be with family after the death of his father. He left at 17 for Chicago, Illinois,[3] where he held a few brief jobs as a wood engraver and typographer before dedicating himself to freelance graphic design. He moved back to Massachusetts and set up the Wayside Press, where he served as an illustrator, editor, typographer, designer, and press manager for a periodical aptly named Bradley: His Book. The periodical usually contained compilations of poetry, stories, and sketches, and his work received a warm reception. He had achieved financial success, but the stress of managing so many projects at once began to damage his health, and he collapsed at the age of 28. He recovered quickly, but he was forced to sell the Wayside Press.
He later worked as a consultant for the American Type Founders and as an editor for Collier's Weekly. He worked briefly with children’s books, then for William Randolph Hearst’s film division as a supervising art director and assistant director on the Wharton Brothers' serial films Beatrice Fairfax (1916) and Patria (1917).[4] After the latter, he founded his own production company, Dramafilms, and went on to write, produce and direct his own films, including Bitter Fruit (1920),[5][6] Moongold (1920) and The Tame Cat (1921).
In 1954, The Typophiles published a memoir of Bradley's life called Will Bradley: His Chap Book, though only 650 copies were ever published. The same year, he won the AIGA medal, the highest honor for graphic designers. He was a prolific artist and designer up until his death at age 94.
Artistic style
His artistic style is considered a branch of Art Nouveau, (where he was considered the foremost illustrator and poster designer of this movement)[7] though it draws heavily from the aesthetics of the Arts and Crafts Movement and Japanese block printing. His work was often compared to that of his English contemporary, Aubrey Beardsley, so much so that some critics dismissed him as simply “The American Beardsley.” Bradley was already an established artist by the time Beardsley’s designs became popular in England in 1894.
Bradley's primary medium was posters, at the time a developing art form. Poster art was pioneered at the turn of the century by French artists like Jules Chéret and Toulouse-Lautrec, but Bradley is credited with popularizing the two-dimensional poster style in the United States.
Typefaces
Though Bradley, evidently, did not do the actual cutting of type matrixes, many types were based on his designs.
- Bradley Type (1894, Central Type Foundry/ later ATF), cut by Herman Ihlenburg from Bradley's lettering for The Inland Printer. Italic, Extended, and Outline versions of this face were cut by ATF, while knock-offs were marketed by Inland Type Foundry (as "St. John"), A.D. Farmer & Son (as "Abbey Text"), and the Dickinson Type Foundry (as "Bradley Series").
- Wayside Roman (1900, ATF)
- Missal Initials (1904, ATF)
- Bewick Roman (1905, ATF)
- Vanity Initials (c. 1927, ATF)
Writings
- Will Bradley: His Chapbook The Typophiles 1955 ASIN B0013090XK
Notes
- ^ Bradley, Will H.; Bennett, Paul A. (1955). Will Bradley, His Chap Book. New York: The Typophiles. Archived from the original on 13 Jan 2014. Retrieved 10 Jun 2015.
- ^ Koch, Robert (2002), Will H. Bradley: An American Artist in Print: A Collector's Guide, Manchester, Vermont: Hudson Hills Press, LLC. ISBN 1-55595-224-0.
- ^ Meggs, Philip B.; Purvis, Alston W. (2012), Meggs' History of Graphic Design (5th ed.), Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc
- ^ Pizzitola, Louis (2013), Hearst Over Hollywood: Power, Passion, and Propaganda in the Movies, New York: Columbia University Press
- ^ Lindsay, Martin S. Bitter Fruit - 1920 - Film by Will H. Bradley at willbradley.com. Retrieved 09 Jun 2015.
- ^ “Movies are to add fame to Tarpon Springs,” Tampa Morning Tribune (Tampa, FL), Fri, 28 Feb 1919, pg B-9.
- ^ Alastair Duncan, Art Nouveau page 100,Thames & Hudson,London,1994 ISBN 0-500-20273-7
References
- Rollins, Carl Purlington American Type Designers and Their Work. in Print, V. 4, #1.
- MacGrew, Mac, "American Metal Typefaces of the Twentieth Century," Oak Knoll Books, New Castle Delaware, 1993, ISBN 0-938768-34-4.
- Friedl, Ott, and Stein, Typography: an Encyclopedic Survey of Type Design and Techniques Throughout History. Black Dog & Levinthal Publishers: 1998. ISBN 1-57912-023-7.
Further reading
- Bambace, Anthony (1995), Will H. Bradley: His Work: A Biliographical Guide, New Castle, Delaware: Oak Knoll Press, and Boston: Thomas G. Boss Fine Books. ISBN 1-884718-08-6.
- Koch, Robert (2002), Will H. Bradley: An American Artist in Print, Manchester, Vermont: Hudson Hills Press, LLC. ISBN 1-55595-224-0.
- Johnson, Diane Chalmers (1979), American Art Nouveau, New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 0-8109-0678-3
- Wong, Roberta (1972). Bradley: American Artist and Crafstman. New York
External links
- Official website
- Publisher's Binding Online Detailed biography and a few images of William Bradley's work.
