Zhoukoudian
Zhoukoudian Town
周口店镇 Chou-K'ou-Tien | |
|---|---|
 Entrance to Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, 2008 | |
  Zhoukoudian Town  Zhoukoudian Town | |
| Coordinates: 39°40′47″N 115°56′46″E / 39.67972°N 115.94611°E | |
| Country | China |
| Municipality | Beijing |
| District | Fangshan |
| Village-level Divisions | 5 communities 24 villages |
| Area | |
• Total | 121.2 km2 (46.8 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 41,868 |
| • Density | 345.4/km2 (894.7/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 102454 |
| Area code | 010 |
Zhoukoudian Town (Chinese: 周口店镇; pinyin: Zhōukǒudiàn Zhèn) is a town on the east Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Nanjiao and Fozizhuang Townships to its north, Xiangyang, Chengguan and Yingfeng Subdistricts to its east, Shilou and Hancunhe Towns to its south, and Xiayunling Town to its west. Its population was 41,868 in the 2020 census.[1]
History
[edit]| Year | Status |
|---|---|
| 1916 | Part of the 2nd District of Fangshan County |
| 1949 | Part of the 7th District |
| 1952 | Formed as Zhoukoudian Microdistrict, under Jingxi Mining District |
| 1953 | Made into a township |
| 1956 | Incorporated Zhoukoucun Township |
| 1958 | Incorporated Xizhuang and Xinjie Townships. Became part of Chengguan People's Commune in May. |
| 1961 | Chengguan People's Commune renamed to Zhoukoudian People's Commune |
| 1963 | Made into a town |
| 1989 | Made into an area |
| 1993 | Incorporated Huangshandian Township and Changgouyu Area |
| 2000 | Became a town while retaining the status of an area |
Administrative divisions
[edit]In 2021, Zhoukoudian Area was formed by 29 subdivisions, of those 5 were communities and 24 were villages:[3]
| Administrative division code | Subdisvision names | Name transliteration | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 110111009001 | 周口店 | Zhoukoudian | Community |
| 110111009002 | 长沟峪 | Changgouyu | Community |
| 110111009003 | 金巢 | Jinchao | Community |
| 110111009004 | 红光 | Hongguang | Community |
| 110111009005 | 鑫山矿 | Xinshankuang | Community |
| 110111009200 | 南韩继 | Nanhangji | Village |
| 110111009201 | 瓦井 | Wajing | Village |
| 110111009202 | 新街 | Xinjie | Village |
| 110111009203 | 大韩继 | Dahanji | Village |
| 110111009204 | 辛庄 | Xinzhuang | Village |
| 110111009205 | 周口村 | Zhoukoucun | Village |
| 110111009206 | 云峰寺 | Yunfengsi | Village |
| 110111009207 | 周口店 | Zhoukoudian | Village |
| 110111009208 | 娄子水 | Louzishui | Village |
| 110111009209 | 拴马庄 | Shuanmazhuang | Village |
| 110111009210 | 黄院 | Huangyuan | Village |
| 110111009211 | 龙宝峪 | Longbaoyu | Village |
| 110111009212 | 黄山店 | Huangshandian | Village |
| 110111009213 | 黄元寺 | Huangyuansi | Village |
| 110111009214 | 良各庄 | Lianggezhuang | Village |
| 110111009215 | 西庄 | Xizhuang | Village |
| 110111009216 | 车厂 | Chechang | Village |
| 110111009217 | 涞沥水 | Lailishui | Village |
| 110111009218 | 泗马沟 | Simagou | Village |
| 110111009219 | 北下寺 | Beixiasi | Village |
| 110111009220 | 葫芦棚 | Hulupeng | Village |
| 110111009221 | 长流水 | Changliushui | Village |
| 110111009222 | 山口 | Shankou | Village |
| 110111009223 | 官地 | Guandi | Village |
Geography and Climate
[edit]Zhoukoudian Town is situated in the mountainous western portion of Fangshan District, approximately 50 kilometers southwest of central Beijing. The town occupies an area of 121.2 square kilometers characterized by limestone hills and cave formations that have made the region significant for paleontological research. The terrain consists of rolling hills in the north transitioning to steeper mountains in the southern sections, with elevations ranging from 80 to 400 meters above sea level.[4]
The region experiences a typical continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. Summers are hot and humid with average temperatures reaching 26-28°C (79-82°F) in July and August, while winters are cold and dry with January temperatures averaging -4 to -6°C (21-25°F). Annual precipitation averages 600-650 millimeters, with approximately 75% falling during the summer months between June and August. The area's limestone geology has created numerous karst features including caves, sinkholes, and underground water channels that have been crucial to the preservation of ancient fossil remains.[5]
The town's location along historical transportation routes between Beijing and the western mountainous regions contributed to its development as a mining and agricultural center before gaining prominence for its archaeological significance in the early 20th century.[6]
Landmark
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^ "北京市房山区第七次全国人口普查公报". Beijing Fangshan Bureau Of Statistics. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
- ^ 李立国; 李万钧; 吴世民, eds. (2013). 中华人民共和国政区大典, 北京市卷. Beijing: 中国社会出版社. ISBN 978-7-5087-4058-4. OCLC 910451741.
- ^ "2021年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码". www.stats.gov.cn. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
- ^ Shen, Chen; Zhang, Xiaoling; Gao, Xing (2016-05-02). "Zhoukoudian in transition: Research history, lithic technologies, and transformation of Chinese Palaeolithic archaeology". Quaternary International. Peking Man and related studies. 400: 4–13. Bibcode:2016QuInt.400....4S. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.001. ISSN 1040-6182.
- ^ "Overview of State of Global Climate (2022)". www.cma.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-11-08.
- ^ unesdoc.unesco.org https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000229174. Retrieved 2025-11-08.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)
