International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics
Abbreviation | IUGG |
---|---|
Formation | 1919 |
Type | INGO |
Location | |
Region served | Worldwide |
Official language | English, French |
President | Chris Rizos (Australia) |
Secretary General | Alexander Rudloff (Germany) |
Treasurer | Niels Andersen (Denmark) |
Executive Secretary | Franz Kuglitsch (Germany) |
Website | www |
The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG; French: Union géodésique et géophysique internationale, UGGI) is an international non-governmental organization dedicated to the scientific study of Earth and its space environment using geophysical and geodetic techniques. The IUGG is a member of the International Science Council (ISC), which is composed of international scholarly and scientific institutions and national academies of sciences.
History
[edit]This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2024) |
The IUGG was established in Brussels, Belgium in 1919.[1][2][3][4][5]
Objectives
[edit]IUGG's objectives are the promotion and coordination of studies related to Earth's physical, chemical and mathematical representation. This includes geometrical shape, internal structure, gravity and magnetic fields, seismicity, volcanism, hydrologic cycle, glaciers, oceans, atmosphere, ionosphere, and magnetosphere of Earth. It also includes solar, lunar and planetary studies.[6] Some areas within its scope are environmental preservation, reduction of the effects of natural hazards, and mineral resources.
Structures
[edit]The IUGG consists of eight semi-autonomous associations:[7]
- International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS)
- International Association of Geodesy (IAG)
- International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA)
- International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS)
- International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS)
- International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO)
- International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI)
- International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI)
It has also established six commissions to promote interdisciplinary problems:[8]
- Climatic and Environmental Changes (CCEC)
- Mathematical Geophysics (CMG)
- Geophysical Risk and Sustainability (GRC)
- Study of the Earth's Deep Interior (SEDI)
- Data and Information (UCDI)
- Planetary Sciences (UCPS)
and the Union Working Group on History.
General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries General
[edit]List of General Assemblies, Presidents, and Secretaries-General.[9]
Nr. | Year | General Assembly in | President | Secretary-General | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28. | 2023 | Berlin | Germany | 2023-2027 | Chris Rizos | Australia | ||||
27. | 2019 | Montreal | Canada | 2019-2023 | Kathryn Whaler | United Kingdom | 2019-2023 | Alexander Rudloff | Germany | |
26. | 2015 | Prague | Czech Republic | 2015-2019 | Michael Sideris | Canada | 2015-2019 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh | Germany / Russia | |
25. | 2011 | Melbourne | Australia | 2011-2015 | Harsh Gupta | India | 2011-2015 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh | Germany / Russia | |
24. | 2007 | Perugia | Italy | 2007-2011 | Tom Beer | Australia | 2007-2011 | Alik Ismail-Zadeh | Germany / Russia | |
23. | 2003 | Sapporo | Japan | 2003-2007 | Uri Shamir | Israel | 2003-2007 | JoAnn Joselyn | United States | |
22. | 1999 | Birmingham | United Kingdom | 1999-2003 | Masaru Kono | Japan | 1999-2003 | JoAnn Joselyn | United States | |
21. | 1995 | Boulder | United States | 1995-1999 | P.J. Wyllie | United States | 1995-1999 | Georges Balmino | France | |
20. | 1991 | Vienna | Austria | 1991-1995 | Helmut Moritz | Austria | 1991-1995 | Georges Balmino | France | |
19. | 1987 | Vancouver | Canada | 1987-1991 | V.I. Keilis-Borok | Soviet Union | 1987-1991 | Baron Paul Melchior | Belgium | |
18. | 1983 | Hamburg | West Germany | 1983-1987 | D. Lal | India | 1983-1987 | Baron Paul Melchior | Belgium | |
17. | 1979 | Canberra | Australia | 1979-1983 | G.D. Garland | Canada | 1979-1983 | Baron Paul Melchior | Belgium | |
16. | 1975 | Grenoble | France | 1975-1979 | A. Ashour | Egypt | 1973-1979 | Baron Paul Melchior | Belgium | |
15. | 1971 | Moscow | Soviet Union | 1971-1975 | H. Charnock | United Kingdom | 1973-1991 | Baron Paul Melchior | Belgium | |
14. | 1967 | Zurich | Switzerland | 1967-1971 | J. Coulomb | France | 1967-1973 | G.D. Garland | Canada | |
13. | 1963 | Berkeley | United States | 1963-1967 | J. Kaplan | United States | 1963-1967 | G.D. Garland | Canada | |
12. | 1960 | Helsinki | Finland | 1960-1963 | V.V. Beloussov | Soviet Union | 1960-1963 | G.R. Laclavère | France | |
11. | 1957 | Toronto | Canada | 1957-1960 | J.T. Wilson | Canada | 1957-1960 | G.R. Laclavère | France | |
10. | 1954 | Rome | Italy | 1954-1957 | K.R. Ramanathan | India | 1954-1957 | G.R. Laclavère | France | |
9. | 1951 | Brussels | Belgium | 1951-1954 | S. Chapman | United Kingdom | 1951-1954 | G.R. Laclavère | France | |
8. | 1948 | Oslo | Norway | 1948-1951 | F.A. Vening Meinesz | Netherlands | 1946-1951 | J.M. Stagg | United Kingdom | |
7. | 1939 | Washington DC | United States | 1946-1948 | B. Helland-Hansen | Norway | 1939-1946 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham | United Kingdom | |
6. | 1936 | Edinburgh | United Kingdom | 1936-1942 | D. La Cour | Denmark | 1936-1939 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham | United Kingdom | |
5. | 1933 | Lisbon | Portugal | 1933-1936 | W. Bowie | United States | 1933-1936 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham | United Kingdom | |
4. | 1930 | Stockholm | Sweden | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand | France | 1930-1933 | H. St. J.L. Winterbotham | United Kingdom | |
3. | 1927 | Prague | Czechoslovakia | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand | France | 1927-1930 | Sir Henry Lyons | United Kingdom | |
2. | 1924 | Madrid | Spain | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand | France | 1924-1927 | Sir Henry Lyons | United Kingdom | |
1. | 1922 | Rome | Italy | 1919-1933 | C. Lallemand | France | 1919-1924 | Sir Henry Lyons | United Kingdom |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Lyons, Henry G. (1919). "The Brussels Meeting of the International Research Council". Nature. 103 (2598): 464–466. Bibcode:1919Natur.103..464H. doi:10.1038/103464b0.
- ^ Cochrane, Rexmond C. (1978). The National Academy of Sciences: The First Hundred Years, 1863-1963. National Academies.
- ^ Good, Gregory A. (2000). "The Assembly of Geophysics: Scientific Disciplines as Frameworks of Consensus". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics. 31 (3): 259–292. Bibcode:2000SHPMP..31..259G. doi:10.1016/S1355-2198(00)00018-6.
- ^ Ismail-Zadeh, Alik (2016). "Geoscience international: the role of scientific unions". History of Geo- and Space Sciences. 7 (2): 103–123. Bibcode:2016HGSS....7..103I. doi:10.5194/hgss-7-103-2016.
- ^ Ismail-Zadeh, Alik; Joselyn, JoAnn (Eds.) (2019). "The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics: from different spheres to a common globe". History of Geo- and Space Sciences. 10: 17–191. doi:10.5194/hgss-10-17-2019.
- ^ Burchfiel, B. C. (1987) International Role of U.S. Geoscience US National Academies page 32
- ^ "Associations of the IUGG". International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- ^ "Union Commissions". International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- ^ IUGG - Bureau of the Union Archived 2020-01-24 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 01/07/2015.
External links
[edit]Archival collections
[edit]- International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics records, 1922-2000 (1955-1998), Niels Bohr Library & Archives
- International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics addition to records, 1995-2007, Niels Bohr Library & Archives
- International geodesy organizations
- Geophysics societies
- Earth sciences societies
- International scientific organizations
- Members of the International Council for Science
- Scientific organizations established in 1919
- International organisations based in Germany
- Members of the International Science Council
- Geophysics stubs