Portal:Vietnam

Welcome to the Vietnam portal / Chào mừng bạn đến với Cổng thông tin Việt Nam

Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about 331,000 square kilometres (128,000 sq mi) and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country. Vietnam shares land borders with China to the north, and Laos and Cambodia to the west. It shares maritime borders with Thailand through the Gulf of Thailand, and the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia through the South China Sea. Its capital is Hanoi and its largest city is Ho Chi Minh City (commonly referred to by its former name, Saigon).

Vietnam was inhabited by the Paleolithic age, with states established in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under Chinese rule from 111 BC, until the first dynasty emerged in 939. Successive monarchical dynasties absorbed Chinese influences through Confucianism and Buddhism, and expanded southward to the Mekong Delta, conquering Champa. During most of the 17th and 18th centuries, Vietnam was effectively divided into two domains of Đàng Trong and Đàng Ngoài. The Nguyễn—the last imperial dynasty—surrendered to France in 1883. In 1887, its territory was integrated into French Indochina as three separate regions. In the immediate aftermath of World War II, the nationalist coalition Viet Minh, led by the communist revolutionary Ho Chi Minh, launched the August Revolution and declared Vietnam's independence in 1945.

Vietnam went through prolonged warfare in the 20th century. After World War II, France returned to reclaim colonial power in the First Indochina War, from which Vietnam emerged victorious in 1954. As a result of the treaties signed between the Viet Minh and France, Vietnam was also separated into two parts. The Vietnam War began shortly after, between the communist North Vietnam, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and the anti-communist South Vietnam, supported by the United States. Upon the North Vietnamese victory in 1975, Vietnam reunified as a unitary socialist state under the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in 1976. An ineffective planned economy, a trade embargo by the West, and wars with Cambodia and China crippled the country further. In 1986, the CPV initiated economic and political reforms similar to the Chinese economic reform, transforming the country to a socialist-oriented market economy. The reforms facilitated Vietnamese reintegration into the global economy and politics.

Vietnam is a developing country with a lower-middle-income economy. It has high levels of corruption, censorship, environmental issues and a poor human rights record; the country ranks among the lowest in international measurements of civil liberties, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion and ethnic minorities. It is part of international and intergovernmental institutions including the ASEAN, the APEC, the CPTPP, the Non-Aligned Movement, the OIF, and the WTO. It has assumed a seat on the United Nations Security Council twice. (Full article...)

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Operation Passage to Freedom was a term used by the United States Navy to describe the propaganda effort and the assistance in transporting in 310,000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese members of the French Army from communist North Vietnam (the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) to non-communist South Vietnam (the State of Vietnam, later to become the Republic of Vietnam) between the years 1954 and 1955. The French and other countries may have transported a further 500,000. In the wake of the French defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the Geneva Accords of 1954 decided the fate of French Indochina after eight years of war between the French Union forces and the Viet Minh, which fought for Vietnamese independence under communist rule. The accords resulted in the partition of Vietnam at the 17th parallel north, with Ho Chi Minh's communist Viet Minh in control of the north and the French-backed State of Vietnam in the south. The agreements allowed a 300-day period of grace, ending on May 18, 1955, in which people could move freely between the two Vietnams before the border was sealed. The partition was intended to be temporary, pending elections in 1956 to reunify the country under a national government. Between 600,000 and one million people moved south, including more than 200,000 French citizens and soldiers in the French army while between 14,000 and 45,000 civilians and approximately 100,000 Viet Minh fighters moved in the opposite direction.

The 1954–1955 Great Migration of Northerners was facilitated primarily by the French Air Force and Navy. American naval vessels supplemented the French in evacuating northerners to Saigon, the southern capital. The operation was accompanied by a large humanitarian relief effort, bankrolled mainly by the United States government in an attempt to absorb a large tent city of refugees that had sprung up outside Saigon. For the US, the migration was a public relations coup, generating wide coverage of the flight of Vietnamese from the perceived oppression of communism to the "free world" in the south. The period was marked by a Central Intelligence Agency-backed propaganda campaign on behalf of South Vietnam's Roman Catholic Prime Minister Ngo Dinh Diem. The campaign was usually viewed to exhort Catholics to flee "impending religious persecution" under communism, and around 60% of the north's 1.14 million Catholics immigrated. The Viet Minh also tried to forcefully prevent would-be refugees from leaving, especially in rural areas where there were no French or American military forces. (Full article...)

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Image 1Hồ Chí Minh attended French Communist Congress in Marseilles in 1921 under the name Nguyễn Ái Quốc.
Image 2Imperial City of Huế, recognized as a UNESCO Heritage site in 1993, was the former capital of Vietnam under the Nguyễn dynasty.
Image 3The sunset over Hanoi, after a rain
Image 4Dong Ho painting is a line of Vietnamese folk painting originating in Đông Hồ village (Song Hồ commune, Thuận Thành District, Bắc Ninh Province.
Image 5View of Ho Chi Minh City from Bitexco Financial Tower, Vietnam
Image 6The painting depicts the retired emperor Trần Nhân Tông who has now become a monk and returned to Hanoi from his hermitage in Vũ Lâm.
Image 7Making salt by evaporation of sea water near Ninh Hòa town, Khánh Hòa Province Vietnam
Image 8Thích Quảng Đức's self-immolation during the Buddhist crisis in Vietnam.
Image 9Water puppetry, lit. "Making puppets dance on water") is a tradition that dates back as far as the 11th century when it originated in the villages of the Red River Delta area of northern Vietnam.
Image 10The gate to Linh Ung Pagoda at Sơn Trà District, Da Nang, Vietnam
Image 11Wooden doors in the Imperial palace in Huế‎, Vietnam
Image 12The train station at Da Lat
Image 13A view of Mường Thanh Valley from Dien Bien Phu city, Vietnam
Image 14Hanging fishing nets in the Cu Đê River, just before it merges with Da Nang Bay

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... that United States Air Force colonel Virgil K. Meroney flew two combat missions with his son before his son was killed in action in March 1969, during the Vietnam War?
... that Vietnam War photojournalist Art Greenspon was wounded in the face by a shot that had first passed through colleague Co Rentmeester's hand?
... that Lài dogs were instrumental in the Vietnamese Lam Sơn uprising against Ming China in 1418–1428?
... that a proposed footbridge connecting the Asian Garden Mall to another Vietnamese-American shopping center met opposition because it was deemed "too Chinese"?
... that Charles Larson became one of the first Americans to teach African literature, after working in Nigeria for the Peace Corps to avoid the Vietnam draft?
... that Don Luce led a group of Americans to a secret part of a South Vietnamese prison where inmates were kept in squalor in what were called "tiger cages"?

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The following are images from various Vietnam-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Hanoi's One Pillar Pagoda, a historic Buddhist temple (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 2Ba tầm hat, a popular type of women's hat in northern Vietnam (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 3Portrait of Nguyễn Quý Đức (1648-1720) wearing áo giao lĩnh (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 4Water puppet theatre in Hanoi (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 5A Kinh Vietnamese woman with blackened teeth. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 6Silk painting of Trịnh Đình Kiên (1715-1786) in the 18th century, exhibited in Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 7Court attires of Nguyễn Dynasty (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 8Handwritten Vietnamese (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 9Vietnamese statues depicting the traditional practice of teeth blackening (nhuộm răng đen) (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 10Vietnamese painting depicting a funeral during the Nguyễn dynasty (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 11A trio of Vietnamese musicians performing together. The man on the far left plays kèn đám ma, the man in the middle plays the đàn nhị and the man on the right plays the trống chầu. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 12Vietnam map of Köppen climate classification zones (from Geography of Vietnam)
Image 13Vietnamese New Year in Châu Đốc, Vietnam. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 14A lantern procession during Tết Trung Thu in Vietnam, which is also celebrated as "Children's Festival". (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 15Ceremonial procession of Thành hoàng, 19th century (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 16Empress Nam Phương wearing áo nhật bình and khăn vành dây (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 1719th-century manuscript of "Mysterious tales of the Southern Realm" (Lĩnh Nam chích quái), a copy of 15th-century original tale. (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 18Vietnamese calligraphy depicting people on a boat, the calligraphy says, "Thuyền nhân" (from Culture of Vietnam)
Image 19Typical Đông Hồ folk woodblock print of a carp (from Culture of Vietnam)

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Vietnam News

Wikinews Vietnam portal

26 April 2024 –: Vương Đình Huệ, the Chairman of the National Assembly of Vietnam, resigns following a sweeping anti-corruption probe. (AP)
17 April 2024 –: Vietnam announces a $24 billion rescue for the Sai Gon Joint Stock Commercial Bank, which is currently involved in a fraud case. (Reuters)
11 April 2024 – Capital punishment in Vietnam: A court in Vietnam sentences tycoon Trương Mỹ Lan to death for embezzling $12.46 billion from the Sai Gon Joint Stock Commercial Bank. (DW)
21 March 2024 –: President of Vietnam Võ Văn Thưởng resigns after just over a year in office amid the Communist Party's anti-corruption campaign, making him the shortest-serving president in Vietnamese history. (Reuters) (Al Jazeera) (Bloomberg)

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WikiProject Vietnam

WikiProject Countries
- WikiProject Southeast Asia
  - WikiProject Vietnam

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Wikipedias in Vietnamese languages

Vietnamese Wikipedia

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Things you can do

In rough order of importance, by type of task.

Tagging and assessment

Tag the talk pages of all Vietnam-related articles that are not already tagged with {{WPVN}}.
Assess all of our unknown-quality and unknown-importance articles.

Article improvement

Expand and improve our Top-importance Vietnam articles, especially those that are rated Start-class or Stub-class.
Add references to Vietnam-related BLPs that lack them.
Improve the articles in our cleanup listing (some of these have been tagged since 2006).
Standardize and improve the articles on Vietnam's regions, provinces, districts and populated places (some are just one sentence).
Translate, create or expand articles listed under Requested articles.
Take care of requests at Category:Wikipedia requested maps in Vietnam (474 as of October 2012).
Take care of requests at Category:Wikipedia requested photographs in Vietnam (461 as of October 2012).
Expand and improve the articles on all 54 officially recognized ethnic groups in Vietnam.
Determine and add etymologies of the district names for each district listed at Category:Districts of Vietnam.