Portal:Tornadoes

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The Tornadoes Portal

A tornado near Anadarko, Oklahoma, in 1999
Tornadoes are violently rotating columns of air that are in contact with the Earth and either a cumulonimbus or a cumulus cloud. Tornadoes are often referred to as twisters, whirlwinds, or cyclones. While most tornadoes attain winds of less than 110 miles per hour (180 km/h), are about 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers), the wind speeds in the most intense tornadoes can reach 300 miles per hour (480 km/h), are more than two miles (3 km) in diameter, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). Various types of tornadoes include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout. Other tornado-like phenomena that exist in nature include the gustnado, dust devil, fire whirl, and steam devil. Most tornadoes occur in North America (in the United States and Canada), concentrated in a region nicknamed the Tornado Alley. Tornadoes also occur in South America, South Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
The May 2009 Southern Midwest Derecho was an extreme progressive derecho and mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) event that struck southeastern Kansas, southern Missouri, and southwestern Illinois on May 8, 2009. Thirty-nine tornadoes, including two of EF3 strength on the Enhanced Fujita Scale, were reported in addition to high non-tornadic winds associated with the derecho and MCV. Due to the abnormal shape of the storm on radar and the extremely strong winds, many called this an "inland hurricane." A new class of storm, the Super Derecho, has been used to describe this event after analysis in 2010. Embedded supercells produced hail up to baseball size in southern Missouri, a rare event in a derecho. A wind gust of 106 mph (171 km/h) was recorded by a backup anemometer at the Southern Illinois Airport after official National Weather Service equipment failed. This derecho was the last of a series of derechos that occurred at the beginning of May. (Full article...)
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This is a list of all tornadoes that were confirmed by local offices of the National Weather Service in the United States in November and December 2011. Based on the 1991–2010 averaging period, 58 tornadoes occur across the United States throughout November, while 24 more occur in December.

Similar to the prior months, November and December remained slightly below average with 46 and 15 tornadoes respectively. However, a couple days in November saw heightened periods of activity. Oklahoma recorded its first violent November tornado since modern records began in 1950, an EF4 in Tillman County on November 7. Twenty tornadoes struck the South on November 16, including a long-track EF2 tornado in parts of Alabama and Georgia and two additional EF2 tornadoes that resulted in five fatalities in the Carolinas. December activity was confined to three consecutive days towards the end of the month, the highlight being a 13-tornado event primarily in Alabama and Georgia on December 22. Floyd County, Georgia was struck by EF2 and EF3 tornadoes, both of which caused considerable damage. (Full article...)
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The structure of a supercell thunderstorm

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Locations of all the killer tornadoes in the United States in 2001.
This page documents notable tornadoes and tornado outbreaks worldwide in 2001. Strong and destructive tornadoes form most frequently in the United States, Bangladesh, and Eastern India, but they can occur almost anywhere under the right conditions. Tornadoes also develop occasionally in southern Canada during the Northern Hemisphere's summer and somewhat regularly at other times of the year across Europe, Asia, and Australia. Tornadic events are often accompanied with other forms of severe weather, including strong thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail. (Full article...)
List of tornadoes by year

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2024 tornado activity

Map of tornado warnings and confirmed tornadoes from the outbreak

From April 26–28, 2024, a very large, deadly and destructive tornado outbreak occurred across the Midwestern, Southern, and High Plains regions of the United States, primarily on April 26 and 27. The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) first issued an enhanced risk for the Plains on April 26, as a broad upper-trough moved eastwards, with tornadic activity erupted in the states of Iowa and Kansas that evening. A moderate risk was issued by the SPC on April 27 for areas further south in Oklahoma, where a deadly nocturnal event unfolded with many supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes tracking over towns several times. Millions were put under a particularly dangerous situation (PDS) tornado watch on April 27, and several PDS tornado warnings were issued that night as numerous strong tornadoes touched down. The outbreak served as the beginning of a broader 16-day period of constant severe weather and tornado activity across the United States that would continue until May 10.

Damaging tornadoes occurred across many states over the two days of the outbreak. On April 26, a tornado in Lancaster County, Nebraska, injured three people, which touched down in the northeastern outskirts of Lincoln, Nebraska. At least six fatalities were attributed to the tornadoes, with more than 156 people injured. At least twenty eight tornadoes were confirmed, with ten in Iowa and one each in Nebraska and Texas. Significant damage was also reported in Elkhorn and near Bennington, Nebraska, from an EF3 wedge tornado that prompted a tornado emergency. Another long-tracked tornado in Iowa that impacted Shelby County, Iowa, prompted two tornado emergencies as well. On April 27, several tornadoes occurred in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Overnight, a significant tornado passed near Holdenville, Oklahoma, causing at least two fatalities and four injuries. A tornado impacted Sulphur, Oklahoma, as well, causing at least 30 injuries.

The outbreak was the largest since a similarly large and deadly outbreak the year prior, although this one was spread out over a slightly larger time period and was not as deadly. Six people died as a result of this outbreak, and over 150 others were injured. With a grand total of 138 tornadoes over a two-day period, the tornado outbreak gained 87 points on the outbreak intensity score. (Full article...)

Tornado anniversaries

May 15

  • 1896 – A tornado, nearing the end of its track, narrowed and intensified to F5 strength, carving a 60-yard-wide path of complete destruction through Sherman, Texas. Even though only a small part of town was affected, 60 people were killed with up to 7 deaths in a single family. Another 13 people were killed on farms outside of Sherman.
  • 1968 – A large tornado outbreak affected the central and southern United States, killing 72 people. An F4 tornado destroyed 164 homes in Jonesboro, Arkansas, resulting in 35 deaths and 361 injuries. Two F5 tornadoes touched down in Iowa. One devastated Charles City, killing 13 people, injuring 450, and damaging or destroying nearly 2,000 homes. The other struck Oelwein, where it killed 5 people and damaged or destroyed nearly 1,000 homes.

May 16

  • 1999 – An F3 tornado destroyed several homes and a bridge near Logan, Iowa. Two people, out of a family of five taking cover in a ditch, were killed when their car and a combine header were blown on top of them.
  • 2017 – The most destructive day of an outbreak sequence brought several strong tornadoes to the Central United States. An EF3 tornado traveled 83 miles (134 km) across parts of Wisconsin, the longest single tornado track in state history, and devastated a trailer park near Chetek, killing one person and injuring 25. An EF2 tornado killed one person near Carter, Oklahoma.

May 17

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The following are images from various tornado-related articles on Wikipedia.

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Picture of a house destroyed by the Wallingford Tornado of 1878

Although historically the U.S. state of Connecticut is not typically known to fall casualty to tornadoes, more than 100 of these powerful storms have affected the state in modern history, resulting in at least 48 deaths, 780 injuries, and more than $500 million in damage. This list of tornadoes in the state is likely incomplete, as official records date back only to 1950 for tornadoes in the United States.

As with most of the northeastern United States, the number of tornadoes peaks in the summer months, normally in July or August. Hartford County has had the most tornadoes in the state, although since 1950 Litchfield County has reported the most tornadoes. Several areas have been struck more than once, and Waterbury has been struck by no less than four tornadoes since 1955. (Full article...)

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The scope of WikiProject Severe weather is to write articles about severe weather, namely thunderstorms and tornadoes. Their talk page is located here.

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