Portal:Television

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The Television Portal

Flat-screen television receivers on display for sale at a consumer electronics store in 2008

Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set, rather than the medium of transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment, news, and sports. The medium is capable of more than "radio broadcasting", which refers to an audio signal sent to radio receivers.

Television became available in crude experimental forms in the 1920s, but only after several years of further development was the new technology marketed to consumers. After World War II, an improved form of black-and-white television broadcasting became popular in the United Kingdom and the United States, and television sets became commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. During the 1950s, television was the primary medium for influencing public opinion. In the mid-1960s, color broadcasting was introduced in the U.S. and most other developed countries.

In 2013, 79% of the world's households owned a television set. The replacement of earlier cathode-ray tube (CRT) screen displays with compact, energy-efficient, flat-panel alternative technologies such as LCDs (both fluorescent-backlit and LED), OLED displays, and plasma displays was a hardware revolution that began with computer monitors in the late 1990s. Most television sets sold in the 2000s were flat-panel, mainly LEDs. Major manufacturers announced the discontinuation of CRT, Digital Light Processing (DLP), plasma, and even fluorescent-backlit LCDs by the mid-2010s. LEDs are being gradually replaced by OLEDs. Also, major manufacturers have started increasingly producing smart TVs in the mid-2010s. Smart TVs with integrated Internet and Web 2.0 functions became the dominant form of television by the late 2010s. (Full article...)

KPHO-TV (channel 5) is a television station in Phoenix, Arizona, United States, affiliated with CBS. It is owned by Gray Television alongside independent stations KTVK (channel 3) and KPHE-LD (channel 44), a group known together as "Arizona's Family". The three stations share studios on North Seventh Avenue in Uptown Phoenix; KPHO-TV's transmitter is located on South Mountain on the city's south side.

KPHO-TV signed on in 1949 as Arizona's first television station and the only one approved prior to a nearly four-year freeze on new TV stations. It initially aired programming from all of the national networks, though it gradually lost them from 1953 onward as new stations signed on in the Phoenix area once the freeze ended. After losing CBS to KOOL-TV (channel 10) in 1955, channel 5 operated as an independent station for nearly 40 years, during which time it sometimes measured as the most-watched independent within its market in the United States; one of its productions, The Wallace and Ladmo Show, was among the longest-running local children's programs in the country. However, in the 1980s and early 1990s, it faced stiff competition in the guise of new independent outlets KNXV-TV and KUTP and saw declining ratings.

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Close caption realtime translation of the speeches of speakers and panel members for hearing impaired employees during the U. S. Department of Agriculture National Disability Employment Awareness Month event in Washington, DC, Wednesday, October 5, 2011
Close caption realtime translation of the speeches of speakers and panel members for hearing impaired employees during the U. S. Department of Agriculture National Disability Employment Awareness Month event in Washington, DC, Wednesday, October 5, 2011
Credit: USDA

Closed captioning (CC) and subtitling are both processes of displaying text on a television, video screen, or other visual display to provide additional or interpretive information. Both are typically used as a transcription of the audio portion of a program as it occurs (either verbatim or in edited form), sometimes including descriptions of non-speech elements. Other uses have been to provide a textual alternative language translation of a presentation's primary audio language that is usually burned-in (or "open") to the video and not selectable (or "closed"). HTML5 defines subtitles as a "transcription or translation of the dialogue ... when sound is available but not understood" by the viewer (for example, dialogue in a foreign language) and captions as a "transcription or translation of the dialogue, sound effects, relevant musical cues, and other relevant audio information ... when sound is unavailable or not clearly audible" (for example, when audio is muted or the viewer is deaf or hard of hearing").

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Miriam Makeba
People in the United States still have a 'Tarzan' movie view of Africa. That's because in the movies all you see are jungles and animals ... We [too] watch television and listen to the radio and go to dances and fall in love.

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  • ...that the final episode of the 1986 television series Outlaws recycled footage from The Oregon Trail, because actors Rod Taylor and Charles Napier appeared in both programs?


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Gyllenhaal in 2019

Jacob Benjamin Gyllenhaal (/ˈɪlənhɔːl/ JIL-ən-hawl, Swedish: [ˈjʏ̂lːɛnˌhɑːl]; born December 19, 1980) is an American actor. Born into the Gyllenhaal family, he is the son of director Stephen Gyllenhaal and screenwriter Naomi Foner, and the younger brother of actress Maggie Gyllenhaal. He began acting as a child, making his acting debut in City Slickers (1991), followed by roles in his father's films A Dangerous Woman (1993) and Homegrown (1998). His breakthrough roles were as Homer Hickam in October Sky (1999) and as a psychologically troubled teenager in Donnie Darko (2001).

Gyllenhaal starred in the 2004 science fiction disaster film The Day After Tomorrow. He played Jack Twist in Ang Lee's 2005 romantic drama Brokeback Mountain, for which Gyllenhaal won a BAFTA Award and was nominated for an Academy Award. His career progressed with starring roles in the thriller Zodiac (2007), the romantic comedy Love & Other Drugs (2010), and the science fiction film Source Code (2011). Further acclaim came with his roles in Denis Villeneuve's thrillers Prisoners (2013) and Enemy (2013), and he received nominations for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performances as a manipulative journalist in Nightcrawler (2014) and a troubled writer in Nocturnal Animals (2016). His highest-grossing release came with the Marvel Cinematic Universe superhero film Spider-Man: Far From Home (2019), in which he portrayed Quentin Beck / Mysterio. He has since starred in Wildlife (2018), Velvet Buzzsaw (2019), The Guilty (2021), and Ambulance (2022). (Full article...)

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  • Image 12 Big Brother, the American version of the worldwide television show, features contestants (called houseguests) that compete against each other to be the last Big Brother house resident and win $500,000, later $750,000. The series first aired in 2000, and 25 seasons have been completed as of 2023. Big Brother contestants are chosen by the show's producers through an application process that includes a videotape submission, semi-final interviews at select cities, and a final interview in Los Angeles. Contestants are also recruited through various means but then follow the same subsequent interview process to appear on the show. As of season 25, a total of 333 participants have competed in Big Brother, Big Brother: Over the Top, and Big Brother Reindeer Games and 45 of them have competed in multiple seasons. A total of 34 participants have competed in Celebrity Big Brother, which increases the total number of Big Brother participants to 367. Big Brother 7 was an All-Star edition, which featured 14 returning HouseGuests chosen either through viewer vote or by producers from an initial group of 20 candidates. For Big Brother 11, four past HouseGuests were given the chance to return based on the results of the season's first competition, after which one of them entered the house. Season 13 featured three "Dynamic Duos" from previous seasons, season 14 brought in four Big Brother veterans to coach the 12 new HouseGuests and season 18 saw the return of four returnees playing the game with 12 new houseguests. In Big Brother: Over the Top, former HouseGuests Jason Roy and Jozea Flores were given the chance to return through a public vote. Roy won the public vote and became the 13th houseguest. The 19th season brought along the return of a past houseguest as the 17th houseguest, but that houseguest was actually there to take the spot of one of the 16 new houseguests, as a consequence for one of the newbies taking a temptation. Season 22 was another All-Star edition, featuring 16 returning HouseGuests, all chosen by production. Big Brother Reindeer Games was a special holiday themed "Legends" edition, with 9 returning houseguests, as well as 3 other former houseguests participating solely as hosts. (Full article...)
    Big Brother, the American version of the worldwide television show, features contestants (called houseguests) that compete against each other to be the last Big Brother house resident and win $500,000, later $750,000. The series first aired in 2000, and 25 seasons have been completed as of 2023. Big Brother contestants are chosen by the show's producers through an application process that includes a videotape submission, semi-final interviews at select cities, and a final interview in Los Angeles. Contestants are also recruited through various means but then follow the same subsequent interview process to appear on the show.

    As of season 25, a total of 333 participants have competed in Big Brother, Big Brother: Over the Top, and Big Brother Reindeer Games and 45 of them have competed in multiple seasons. A total of 34 participants have competed in Celebrity Big Brother, which increases the total number of Big Brother participants to 367. Big Brother 7 was an All-Star edition, which featured 14 returning HouseGuests chosen either through viewer vote or by producers from an initial group of 20 candidates. For Big Brother 11, four past HouseGuests were given the chance to return based on the results of the season's first competition, after which one of them entered the house. Season 13 featured three "Dynamic Duos" from previous seasons, season 14 brought in four Big Brother veterans to coach the 12 new HouseGuests and season 18 saw the return of four returnees playing the game with 12 new houseguests. In Big Brother: Over the Top, former HouseGuests Jason Roy and Jozea Flores were given the chance to return through a public vote. Roy won the public vote and became the 13th houseguest. The 19th season brought along the return of a past houseguest as the 17th houseguest, but that houseguest was actually there to take the spot of one of the 16 new houseguests, as a consequence for one of the newbies taking a temptation. Season 22 was another All-Star edition, featuring 16 returning HouseGuests, all chosen by production. Big Brother Reindeer Games was a special holiday themed "Legends" edition, with 9 returning houseguests, as well as 3 other former houseguests participating solely as hosts. (Full article...)
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    Main topics

    History of television: Early television stationsGeographical usage of televisionGolden Age of TelevisionList of experimental television stationsList of years in televisionMechanical televisionSocial aspects of televisionTelevision systems before 1940Timeline of the introduction of television in countriesTimeline of the introduction of color television in countries

    Inventors and pioneers: John Logie BairdAlan BlumleinWalter BruchAlan Archibald Campbell-SwintonAllen B. DuMontPhilo Taylor FarnsworthCharles Francis JenkinsBoris GrabovskyPaul Gottlieb NipkowConstantin PerskyiBoris RosingDavid SarnoffKálmán TihanyiVladimir Zworykin

    Technology: Comparison of display technologyDigital televisionLiquid crystal display televisionLarge-screen television technologyTechnology of television

    Terms: Broadcast television systemsComposite monitorHDTVLiquid crystal display televisionPALPicture-in-picturePay-per-viewPlasma displayNICAMNTSCSECAM

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