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Big overhaul. The article had some serious flaws, and at times seemed overly sympathetic to anti-vaxxers. I'll be watching this page for a bit.
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'''Brian S. Hooker''' is a biologist and chemist at [[Simpson University]]{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=June 2020}}. He is known for promoting the claim that [[MMR vaccine and autism|vaccines cause autism]]{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=June 2020}}.
'''Brian S. Hooker''' is a biologist and chemist at [[Simpson University]]{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=June 2020}}. He is known for promoting the claim that [[MMR vaccine and autism|vaccines cause autism]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Hooker on Autism - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLkRumlDWbE|access-date=2021-01-13|website=www.youtube.com}}</ref>.


==Education==
==Education==
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He left PNNL in 2009, and was hired as an associate professor at Simpson University where he specializes in biology and chemistry. Simpson University is a private Christian University of liberal arts and professional studies offering undergraduate, graduate and teaching credential programs.
He left PNNL in 2009, and was hired as an associate professor at Simpson University where he specializes in biology and chemistry. Simpson University is a private Christian University of liberal arts and professional studies offering undergraduate, graduate and teaching credential programs.


Hooker is known for his anti-vaccine activism and his claims of conflicts of interest within the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]. He is a board member at Focus Autism,<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Lupkin |first=Sydney |date=October 9, 2014 |title=How a Now-Retracted Autism Study Went Viral -- Again |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/now-retracted-autism-study-viral/story?id=25248179 |work=[[ABC News]] |access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> an organization which believes in the "ongoing cover-up of the vaccine/autism link".<ref name=":0" />
Hooker is known for his anti-vaccine activism and his claims of conflicts of interest within the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]. He is a board member at Focus Autism,<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Lupkin |first=Sydney |date=October 9, 2014 |title=How a Now-Retracted Autism Study Went Viral -- Again |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/now-retracted-autism-study-viral/story?id=25248179 |work=[[ABC News]] |access-date=April 14, 2019}}</ref> an organization which believes in the "ongoing cover-up of the vaccine/autism link".<ref name=":0" /> Hooker has no background or qualifications in epidemiology<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=August 22, 2014|title=Brian Hooker Proves Andrew Wakefield Wrong About Vaccines and Autism|url=https://respectfulinsolence.com/2014/08/22/brian-hooker-proves-andrew-wakefield-wrong-about-vaccines-and-autism/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129165059/https://respectfulinsolence.com/2014/08/22/brian-hooker-proves-andrew-wakefield-wrong-about-vaccines-and-autism/|archive-date=November 29, 2020|access-date=January 12, 2021|website=Respectful Insolence}}</ref>


Hooker and [[Andrew Wakefield]] have alleged scientific fraud, conspiracy, and coverup on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with regard to the supposed link between vaccines and autism.<ref name=SBM1>{{cite web |title=Did a high ranking whistleblower really reveal that the CDC covered up proof that vaccines cause autism in African-American boys? |url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/did-a-high-ranking-whistleblower-really-reveal-that-the-cdc-covered-up-proof-that-vaccines-cause-autism-in-african-american-boys/ |website=sciencebasedmedicine.org |accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=WesselApr. 27 |first1=Lindzi |title=Four vaccine myths and where they came from |url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/four-vaccine-myths-and-where-they-came |website=Science {{!}} AAAS |accessdate=16 April 2019 |language=en |date=25 April 2017}}</ref> An online video describing this situation was debunked by [[Snopes]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FACT CHECK: Fraud at the CDC Uncovered? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bad-medicine/ |website=Snopes.com |accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref>
Hooker and [[Andrew Wakefield]] have alleged scientific fraud, conspiracy, and coverup on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with regard to the supposed link between vaccines and autism.<ref name=SBM1>{{cite web |title=Did a high ranking whistleblower really reveal that the CDC covered up proof that vaccines cause autism in African-American boys? |url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/did-a-high-ranking-whistleblower-really-reveal-that-the-cdc-covered-up-proof-that-vaccines-cause-autism-in-african-american-boys/ |website=sciencebasedmedicine.org |accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=WesselApr. 27 |first1=Lindzi |title=Four vaccine myths and where they came from |url=https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/04/four-vaccine-myths-and-where-they-came |website=Science {{!}} AAAS |accessdate=16 April 2019 |language=en |date=25 April 2017}}</ref> An online video describing this situation was debunked by [[Snopes]].<ref>{{cite web |title=FACT CHECK: Fraud at the CDC Uncovered? |url=https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/bad-medicine/ |website=Snopes.com |accessdate=16 April 2019}}</ref>


==Vaccine Controversy==
==Recognition and controversy==


In 2014 Dr. William Thompson alleged that a paper he co-authored in 2004 had not disclosed a correlation it had found between [[autism]] and the MMR vaccine among [[African Americans|African-American]] boys.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=DeStefano|first=Frank|last2=Bhasin|first2=Tanya Karapurkar|last3=Thompson|first3=William W.|last4=Yeargin-Allsopp|first4=Marshalyn|last5=Boyle|first5=Coleen|date=2004|title=Age at first measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children with autism and school-matched control subjects: a population-based study in metropolitan atlanta|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14754936/|journal=Pediatrics|volume=113|issue=2|pages=259–266|doi=10.1542/peds.113.2.259|issn=1098-4275|pmid=14754936|via=}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=2014-08-28|title=August 27, 2014 Press Release, "Statement of William W. Thompson, Ph.D., Regarding the 2004 Article Examining the Possibility of a Relationship Between MMR Vaccine and Autism"|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828211540/http://www.morganverkamp.com/august-27-2014-press-release-statement-of-william-w-thompson-ph-d-regarding-the-2004-article-examining-the-possibility-of-a-relationship-between-mmr-vaccine-and-autism/|access-date=2021-01-13|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> The study did not have racial information on a large proportion of the boys being studied, and when Thompson's co-authors performed a more in-depth analysis, the correlation between the MMR vaccine and autism ceased to exist. For these reasons they decided to not include racial information.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Cara|first=Ed|date=2016-04-04|title=Controversial Documentary 'Vaxxed' Premiered In NYC This Weekend; We Decided To See It|url=https://www.medicaldaily.com/vaxxed-andrew-wakefield-anti-vaccination-380555|access-date=2021-01-13|website=Medical Daily|language=en}}</ref> Thompson disagreed with their decision, but didn't disclose the alleged correlation for ten years.<ref name=":2" /> In 2014, Hooker published a paper titled "Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data" in the journal ''[[Translational Neurodegeneration]]''.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last1=Hooker|first1=Brian S.|year=2014|title=Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young african american boys: A reanalysis of CDC data|journal=Translational Neurodegeneration|volume=3|pages=22|doi=10.1186/2047-9158-3-16|pmc=4183946|pmid=25285211}}</ref> The paper alleges that the 2004 study showed a statistically significant correlation between autism and the MMR vaccine among African-American boys.<ref name=":3" /> Later, the journal retracted the paper for scientific misconduct, saying that Hooker had not disclosed important conflicts of interest, most notably that he was a board member of an [[Vaccine hesitancy|anti-vaccine]] group, who had provided him funding for the study.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Hooker|first=Brian S.|date=2014-10-03|title=Retraction Note: Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data|url=https://doi.org/10.1186/2047-9158-3-22|journal=Translational Neurodegeneration|volume=3|issue=1|pages=22|doi=10.1186/2047-9158-3-22|issn=2047-9158}}</ref> The journal also alleged misuse of statistics.<ref name=":4" /> Hooker claimed he was censored in an article published by The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons.<ref>http://www.jpands.org/vol22no4/hooker.pdf</ref> The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons is owned by The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons<ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-02-21|title=Respectful Insolence: The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons: Medical "science" as dubious as it gets|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20090221143232/http://scienceblogs.com/insolence/2009/02/the_journal_of_american_physicians_and_s.php|access-date=2021-01-13|website=web.archive.org}}</ref>, which has been characterized as a [[Pseudoscience|pseudoscientific]] group.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kreidler|first=Marc|date=2019-10-20|title=Questionable Organizations: An Overview {{!}} Quackwatch|url=https://quackwatch.org/consumer-education/nonrecorg/|access-date=2021-01-13|language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2014, Hooker's paper titled "Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data" was retracted from the journal ''[[Translational Neurodegeneration]]''.<ref>[http://www.translationalneurodegeneration.com/content/3/1/22 Retraction Note: Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data | Translational Neurodegeneration | Full Text<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> According to Hooker, the journal falsely accused him of a conflict of interest: Hooker has been involved in vaccine/biologic litigation<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1186/2047-9158-3-16|pmid = 25285211|title = Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young african american boys: A reanalysis of CDC data|journal = Translational Neurodegeneration|volume = 3|pages = 22|year = 2014|last1 = Hooker|first1 = Brian S.|pmc = 4183946}}</ref> and the journal provided no scientific rationale for the retraction.<ref>[http://www.jpands.org/vol22no4/hooker.pdf CDC Data Manipulation Exposed: Four Years Later | Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons | Full Text<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Hooker has publicly stated that his son was permanently damaged by vaccines.<ref name=SBM1/>
Hooker has stated that his son was permanently damaged by vaccines.<ref name=SBM1/>


==Selected publications==
==Selected publications==

Revision as of 02:13, 13 January 2021

Brian S. Hooker is a biologist and chemist at Simpson University[citation needed]. He is known for promoting the claim that vaccines cause autism[1].

Education

In 1985, Hooker earned his bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering, from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California. He earned his master's of science degree in 1988 and his doctorate in 1990, both in chemical engineering, from Washington State University, in Pullman, Washington.[citation needed]

Research

Hooker formerly managed applied plant and fungal molecular biology research projects, including development of plant-based biosensors and transgenic production systems for human pharmaceutical proteins and industrial enzymes at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, where systems biology researchers are focused on understanding gene and protein networks involved in individual cell signaling, communication between cells in communities, and cellular metabolic pathways. Hooker has also been involved in research on microbial kinetics and transport mathematical modeling, design, development, and support for biological destruction of chlorinated organic hydrocarbons, development of tP4 transgenic plant protein production platform technology, and development of the RT3D bioremediation/natural attenuation software package.[citation needed]

He left PNNL in 2009, and was hired as an associate professor at Simpson University where he specializes in biology and chemistry. Simpson University is a private Christian University of liberal arts and professional studies offering undergraduate, graduate and teaching credential programs.

Hooker is known for his anti-vaccine activism and his claims of conflicts of interest within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. He is a board member at Focus Autism,[2] an organization which believes in the "ongoing cover-up of the vaccine/autism link".[2] Hooker has no background or qualifications in epidemiology[3]

Hooker and Andrew Wakefield have alleged scientific fraud, conspiracy, and coverup on the part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with regard to the supposed link between vaccines and autism.[4][5] An online video describing this situation was debunked by Snopes.[6]

Vaccine Controversy

In 2014 Dr. William Thompson alleged that a paper he co-authored in 2004 had not disclosed a correlation it had found between autism and the MMR vaccine among African-American boys.[7][8] The study did not have racial information on a large proportion of the boys being studied, and when Thompson's co-authors performed a more in-depth analysis, the correlation between the MMR vaccine and autism ceased to exist. For these reasons they decided to not include racial information.[3][9] Thompson disagreed with their decision, but didn't disclose the alleged correlation for ten years.[8] In 2014, Hooker published a paper titled "Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data" in the journal Translational Neurodegeneration.[10] The paper alleges that the 2004 study showed a statistically significant correlation between autism and the MMR vaccine among African-American boys.[10] Later, the journal retracted the paper for scientific misconduct, saying that Hooker had not disclosed important conflicts of interest, most notably that he was a board member of an anti-vaccine group, who had provided him funding for the study.[11] The journal also alleged misuse of statistics.[11] Hooker claimed he was censored in an article published by The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons.[12] The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons is owned by The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons[13], which has been characterized as a pseudoscientific group.[14]

Personal life

Hooker has stated that his son was permanently damaged by vaccines.[4]

Selected publications

  • Dai Z, BS Hooker, RD Quesenberry, and J Gao. “Expression of Trichoderma reesei exo-cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) in transgenic tobacco leaves and calli”, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1999, 77-79(9):689-699
  • Dai Z, BS Hooker, DB Anderson, and SR Thomas.“Improved plant-based production of E1 endoglucanase using potato:expression optimization and tissue targeting”, Molecular Breeding, 2000, 6(3):277-285.
  • Gao J, BS Hooker, and DB Anderson. 2004. “Expression of Functional Human Coagulation Factor XIII A-domain in Plant Cell Suspensions and Whole Plants.” Protein Expression and Purification 37(1):89-96.
  • Hooker, Brian S., Hettich, Robert L., Hurst, Gregory B., Kennel, Stephen J., Lankford, Patricia K., Chiann-Tso Lin, Lye Meng Markillie, Mayer-Clumbridge, M. Uljana, Pelletier, Dale A., Liang, Shi, Squier, Thomas C., Strader, Michael B., VerBerkmoes, Nathan C., "Isolation and Characterization of Protein Complexes from Shewanella oneidensis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris", Genomics: GTL Contractor—Grantee Workshop II, Washington, DC, February 29-March 2, 2004
  • Trelka, Jeffrey A., Hooker, Brian S. "Specific Carbohydrate Dietary Trial: Understanding the Effectiveness of a Specific Carbohydrate Dietary Intervention In Autistic Children", 2004
  • Markillie LM, CT Lin, JN Adkins, DL Auberry, EA Hill, BS Hooker, PA Moore, RJ Moore, L Shi, HS Wiley, and V Kery, “A simple protein complex purification and identification method for high throughput mapping of protein interaction networks”, Journal of Proteome Research, 2005
  • Liang Shi, Jiann-Trzwo Lin, Lye M. Markillie, Thomas C. Squier, and Brian S. Hooker, “Overexpression of multi-heme C-type cytochromes” - Expression of recombinant decaheme cytochrome MtrA in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 by a directional TOPO cloning-based system. BioTechniques, 2005, 38(2):297-9.

References

  1. ^ "Dr. Hooker on Autism - YouTube". www.youtube.com. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
  2. ^ a b Lupkin, Sydney (October 9, 2014). "How a Now-Retracted Autism Study Went Viral -- Again". ABC News. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
  3. ^ a b "Brian Hooker Proves Andrew Wakefield Wrong About Vaccines and Autism". Respectful Insolence. August 22, 2014. Archived from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  4. ^ a b "Did a high ranking whistleblower really reveal that the CDC covered up proof that vaccines cause autism in African-American boys?". sciencebasedmedicine.org. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  5. ^ WesselApr. 27, Lindzi (25 April 2017). "Four vaccine myths and where they came from". Science | AAAS. Retrieved 16 April 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ "FACT CHECK: Fraud at the CDC Uncovered?". Snopes.com. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  7. ^ DeStefano, Frank; Bhasin, Tanya Karapurkar; Thompson, William W.; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn; Boyle, Coleen (2004). "Age at first measles-mumps-rubella vaccination in children with autism and school-matched control subjects: a population-based study in metropolitan atlanta". Pediatrics. 113 (2): 259–266. doi:10.1542/peds.113.2.259. ISSN 1098-4275. PMID 14754936.
  8. ^ a b "August 27, 2014 Press Release, "Statement of William W. Thompson, Ph.D., Regarding the 2004 Article Examining the Possibility of a Relationship Between MMR Vaccine and Autism"". web.archive.org. 2014-08-28. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
  9. ^ Cara, Ed (2016-04-04). "Controversial Documentary 'Vaxxed' Premiered In NYC This Weekend; We Decided To See It". Medical Daily. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
  10. ^ a b Hooker, Brian S. (2014). "Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young african american boys: A reanalysis of CDC data". Translational Neurodegeneration. 3: 22. doi:10.1186/2047-9158-3-16. PMC 4183946. PMID 25285211.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  11. ^ a b Hooker, Brian S. (2014-10-03). "Retraction Note: Measles-mumps-rubella vaccination timing and autism among young African American boys: a reanalysis of CDC data". Translational Neurodegeneration. 3 (1): 22. doi:10.1186/2047-9158-3-22. ISSN 2047-9158.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  12. ^ http://www.jpands.org/vol22no4/hooker.pdf
  13. ^ "Respectful Insolence: The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons: Medical "science" as dubious as it gets". web.archive.org. 2009-02-21. Retrieved 2021-01-13.
  14. ^ Kreidler, Marc (2019-10-20). "Questionable Organizations: An Overview | Quackwatch". Retrieved 2021-01-13.
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