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Shilpkars are not a single caste but a collection of different castes who used to do menial jobs but still majority of them were from [[Domba|Dom]] community of hills. In 1925, they were officially recognized as Shilpkar by the British govt.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Joshi|first=Anil K.|title=Dalit Reform Movement in British Kumaon|date=2000|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=61|pages=976–985|jstor=44148173|issn=2249-1937}}</ref> |
Shilpkars are not a single caste but a collection of different castes who used to do menial jobs but still majority of them were from [[Domba|Dom]] community of hills. In 1925, they were officially recognized as Shilpkar by the British govt.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Joshi|first=Anil K.|title=Dalit Reform Movement in British Kumaon|date=2000|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=61|pages=976–985|jstor=44148173|issn=2249-1937}}</ref> |
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Shilpkars are mainly engaged as brasssmiths and others being in scavengering, cultivating, as masons, blacksmiths, weavers, drummers, water carrierers, etc. [[Bhankora]], is a native musical instrument of state and is handmade in copper metal by Shilpkar artisans of Uttarakhand and thry used to perform with it in folk festivals or marriages.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fiol|first=Stefan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYM4DwAAQBAJ& |
Shilpkars are mainly engaged as brasssmiths and others being in scavengering, cultivating, as masons, blacksmiths, weavers, drummers, water carrierers, etc. [[Bhankora]], is a native musical instrument of state and is handmade in copper metal by Shilpkar artisans of Uttarakhand and thry used to perform with it in folk festivals or marriages.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Fiol|first=Stefan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SYM4DwAAQBAJ&q=shilpkar+caste&pg=PT17|title=Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility|date=2017-09-11|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-09978-6|language=en}}</ref> |
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In 1913, [[Tamta Sudharini Sabha]], held the convention for the upliftment of Dalits and oppressed people of the area, as the [[Shilpkar Mahasabha]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Brij Kishore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tlsPnV87QLoC& |
In 1913, [[Tamta Sudharini Sabha]], held the convention for the upliftment of Dalits and oppressed people of the area, as the [[Shilpkar Mahasabha]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Brij Kishore|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tlsPnV87QLoC&q=shilpkar+mahasabha&pg=PA30|title=Social, Economic and Political Contribution of Caste Associations in Northern India: A Case Study of All India Jat Mahasabha|date=2008|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|isbn=978-81-241-1412-4|language=en}}</ref> |
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[[Arya Samaj]], influenced alot of Shilpkar especially in [[Garhwal division|Garhwal]] region and alot of Shilpkars dropped their caste surnames and adopted 'Arya' as last name. Jayananda Bharati and Baldev Singh Arya were those who promoted "Arya Samaj" in Dalits of hills regions. They started '[[Dola Palki Movement]]' and in 1928 he also organised "Garhwal Sarvadalit Parishad".<ref>{{Cite book|last=KAFALTIA|first=HIMANSHU KAFALTIA, GUNJAN SHARMA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GEOwDwAAQBAJ& |
[[Arya Samaj]], influenced alot of Shilpkar especially in [[Garhwal division|Garhwal]] region and alot of Shilpkars dropped their caste surnames and adopted 'Arya' as last name. Jayananda Bharati and Baldev Singh Arya were those who promoted "Arya Samaj" in Dalits of hills regions. They started '[[Dola Palki Movement]]' and in 1928 he also organised "Garhwal Sarvadalit Parishad".<ref>{{Cite book|last=KAFALTIA|first=HIMANSHU KAFALTIA, GUNJAN SHARMA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GEOwDwAAQBAJ&q=jayanand+bharti+uttarakhand&pg=PT51|title=A Comprehensive Study of UTTARAKHAND|date=2019-09-18|publisher=Notion Press|isbn=978-1-64650-605-7|language=en}}</ref> |
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[[Munshi Hari Prasad Tamta]], played an important role in development of [[Almora]] town and settled industries for growth. He also stood with [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr.Ambedkar]] during the Round Table Conference in 1932.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Namishray|first=Mohandas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=baFxDwAAQBAJ& |
[[Munshi Hari Prasad Tamta]], played an important role in development of [[Almora]] town and settled industries for growth. He also stood with [[B. R. Ambedkar|Dr.Ambedkar]] during the Round Table Conference in 1932.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Namishray|first=Mohandas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=baFxDwAAQBAJ&q=munshi+hariprasad+tamta&pg=PA77|title=Dr. Ambedkar & Press|publisher=Neelkanth Prakashan|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Distribution == |
== Distribution == |
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Shilpkars forms 52% of total population of the [[Dalit]] population in Uttarakhand. They are included under [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Caste]] category and are beneficiary of the reservation policy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SC_Uttarakhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_uttaranchal.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=censusindia.gov.in|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> |
Shilpkars forms 52% of total population of the [[Dalit]] population in Uttarakhand. They are included under [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Caste]] category and are beneficiary of the reservation policy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SC_Uttarakhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_uttaranchal.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=censusindia.gov.in|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> |
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Total about 68.5 percent Shilpkars are cultivators by profession.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sati|first=Vishwambhar Prasad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WsiSDwAAQBAJ& |
Total about 68.5 percent Shilpkars are cultivators by profession.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sati|first=Vishwambhar Prasad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WsiSDwAAQBAJ&q=bhankora+shilpkar|title=Himalaya on the Threshold of Change|date=2019-04-16|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-030-14180-6|language=en}}</ref> Shilpkars are mainly found in hill region of [[Uttarakhand]] and Terai regions of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. They are also called [[Tamrakar]] in Nepal are one of the biggest communities of the country.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Muzzini|first1=Elisa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yjMimn7zYeYC&q=tamrakar+caste+nepal&pg=PA114|title=Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal: An Initial Assessment|last2=Aparicio|first2=Gabriela|date=2013-04-02|publisher=World Bank Publications|isbn=978-0-8213-9661-2|language=en}}</ref> |
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Shilpkars have surnames like Arya, Tamta, Ram, Koli, Sunar, etc and have total 26 sub-castes in the state. |
Shilpkars have surnames like Arya, Tamta, Ram, Koli, Sunar, etc and have total 26 sub-castes in the state. |
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Revision as of 07:17, 18 March 2021
Shilpkar, an artisan community mainly associated as bronzemiths and cultivators. They are largest among Scheduled Caste communities of Uttarakhand.
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| • Uttarakhand • Uttar Pradesh • Nepal | |
| Languages | |
| • Kumaoni • Garhwali • Khariboli | |
| Religion | |
| Hinduism and Buddhism |
History
Shilpkars are not a single caste but a collection of different castes who used to do menial jobs but still majority of them were from Dom community of hills. In 1925, they were officially recognized as Shilpkar by the British govt.[1]
Shilpkars are mainly engaged as brasssmiths and others being in scavengering, cultivating, as masons, blacksmiths, weavers, drummers, water carrierers, etc. Bhankora, is a native musical instrument of state and is handmade in copper metal by Shilpkar artisans of Uttarakhand and thry used to perform with it in folk festivals or marriages.[2]
In 1913, Tamta Sudharini Sabha, held the convention for the upliftment of Dalits and oppressed people of the area, as the Shilpkar Mahasabha.[3]
Arya Samaj, influenced alot of Shilpkar especially in Garhwal region and alot of Shilpkars dropped their caste surnames and adopted 'Arya' as last name. Jayananda Bharati and Baldev Singh Arya were those who promoted "Arya Samaj" in Dalits of hills regions. They started 'Dola Palki Movement' and in 1928 he also organised "Garhwal Sarvadalit Parishad".[4]
Munshi Hari Prasad Tamta, played an important role in development of Almora town and settled industries for growth. He also stood with Dr.Ambedkar during the Round Table Conference in 1932.[5]
Distribution
Shilpkars forms 52% of total population of the Dalit population in Uttarakhand. They are included under Scheduled Caste category and are beneficiary of the reservation policy.[6]
Total about 68.5 percent Shilpkars are cultivators by profession.[7] Shilpkars are mainly found in hill region of Uttarakhand and Terai regions of Uttar Pradesh. They are also called Tamrakar in Nepal are one of the biggest communities of the country.[8]
Shilpkars have surnames like Arya, Tamta, Ram, Koli, Sunar, etc and have total 26 sub-castes in the state.
Notable Shilpkars
- Ajay Tamta, Union minister and M.P
- Pradeep Tamta, ex.Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha M.P
- Yashpal Arya, former speaker of Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly.[9]
- Ram Prasad Tamta, Indian politician
See also
References
- ^ Joshi, Anil K. (2000). "Dalit Reform Movement in British Kumaon". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 61: 976–985. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44148173.
- ^ Fiol, Stefan (2017-09-11). Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09978-6.
- ^ Sharma, Brij Kishore (2008). Social, Economic and Political Contribution of Caste Associations in Northern India: A Case Study of All India Jat Mahasabha. Har-Anand Publications. ISBN 978-81-241-1412-4.
- ^ KAFALTIA, HIMANSHU KAFALTIA, GUNJAN SHARMA (2019-09-18). A Comprehensive Study of UTTARAKHAND. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64650-605-7.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Namishray, Mohandas. Dr. Ambedkar & Press. Neelkanth Prakashan.
- ^ "SC_Uttarakhand" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad (2019-04-16). Himalaya on the Threshold of Change. Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-14180-6.
- ^ Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2013-04-02). Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal: An Initial Assessment. World Bank Publications. ISBN 978-0-8213-9661-2.
- ^ Ch, Mahesh; Mar 11, ra Donia / Updated; 2012; Ist, 22:09. "Would a Dalit make it to the high chair in Uttarakhand? | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2020-05-27.
{{cite web}}:|last3=has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)