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'''Monoecy''' is when separate [[male]] and [[female]] flowers are on the same plant.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Batygina|first=T. B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4VOWDwAAQBAJ&q=monoecy&pg=PA43|title=Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, Vol. 3: Reproductive Systems|date=2019-04-23|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4398-4436-6|pages=43|language=en}}</ref> It is a monomorphic sexual system alongside [[gynomonoecy]], [[andromonoecy]] and trimonoecy.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Torices|first=Rubén|last2=Méndez|first2=Marcos|last3=Gómez|first3=José María|date=2011|title=Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms|url=https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x|journal=New Phytologist|language=en|volume=190|issue=1|pages=234–248|doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x|issn=1469-8137}}</ref> It is often associated with inefficient pollinators or wind-pollinated plants.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Glover|first=Beverley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uXMVDAAAQBAJ&q=monoecy+oxford&pg=PA139|title=Understanding Flowers and Flowering Second Edition|date=February 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-966159-6|pages=139|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Friedman|first1=Janice|last2=Barrett|first2=Spencer C. H.|date=January 2009|title=The Consequences of Monoecy and Protogyny for Mating in Wind-Pollinated Carex|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30224692|volume=181|issue=2|access-date=26 July 2021}}</ref>
'''Monoecy''' is a sexual system where separate [[male]] and [[female]] flowers are on the same plant.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Batygina|first=T. B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4VOWDwAAQBAJ&q=monoecy&pg=PA43|title=Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, Vol. 3: Reproductive Systems|date=2019-04-23|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4398-4436-6|pages=43|language=en}}</ref> It is a monomorphic sexual system alongside [[gynomonoecy]], [[andromonoecy]] and trimonoecy.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Torices|first=Rubén|last2=Méndez|first2=Marcos|last3=Gómez|first3=José María|date=2011|title=Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms|url=https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x|journal=New Phytologist|language=en|volume=190|issue=1|pages=234–248|doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x|issn=1469-8137}}</ref> It is often associated with inefficient pollinators or wind-pollinated plants.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Glover|first=Beverley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uXMVDAAAQBAJ&q=monoecy+oxford&pg=PA139|title=Understanding Flowers and Flowering Second Edition|date=February 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-966159-6|pages=139|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Friedman|first1=Janice|last2=Barrett|first2=Spencer C. H.|date=January 2009|title=The Consequences of Monoecy and Protogyny for Mating in Wind-Pollinated Carex|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30224692|volume=181|issue=2|access-date=26 July 2021}}</ref>


== Occurrence ==
== Occurrence ==
Most watermelon are monoecious.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Prohens-Tomás|first=Jaime|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GehFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA390&dq=monoecy+in+watermelon&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwja6aiv64DyAhXYB50JHYvJAAUQ6AEwBHoECAMQAw|title=Vegetables I: Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodicaceae, and Cucurbitaceae|last2=Nuez|first2=Fernando|date=2007-12-06|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-30443-4|pages=390|language=en}}</ref> It is present in 7% of [[Flowering plant|angiosperms]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Karasawa|first=Marines Marli Gniech|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=prsDCwAAQBAJ&q=Monoecious+7%25&pg=PA28|title=Reproductive Diversity of Plants: An Evolutionary Perspective and Genetic Basis|date=2015-11-23|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-21254-8|pages=28|language=en}}</ref>
Most watermelon are monoecious.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Prohens-Tomás|first=Jaime|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GehFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA390&dq=monoecy+in+watermelon&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwja6aiv64DyAhXYB50JHYvJAAUQ6AEwBHoECAMQAw|title=Vegetables I: Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodicaceae, and Cucurbitaceae|last2=Nuez|first2=Fernando|date=2007-12-06|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-387-30443-4|pages=390|language=en}}</ref> It is present in 7% of [[Flowering plant|angiosperms]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Karasawa|first=Marines Marli Gniech|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=prsDCwAAQBAJ&q=Monoecious+7%25&pg=PA28|title=Reproductive Diversity of Plants: An Evolutionary Perspective and Genetic Basis|date=2015-11-23|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-21254-8|pages=28|language=en}}</ref> It is prevalent in [[Euphorbiaceae|euphorbiaceace]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bahadur|first=Bir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TAQMI-ikrvYC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA27&dq=Monoecy&hl=en|title=Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop: Volume 2: Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology|last2=Sujatha|first2=Mulpuri|last3=Carels|first3=Nicolas|date=2012-12-14|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4614-4915-7|pages=27|language=en}}</ref>


== Evolution ==
== Evolution ==

Revision as of 15:51, 28 July 2021

Monoecy is a sexual system where separate male and female flowers are on the same plant.[1] It is a monomorphic sexual system alongside gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy.[2] It is often associated with inefficient pollinators or wind-pollinated plants.[3][4]

Occurrence

Most watermelon are monoecious.[5] It is present in 7% of angiosperms.[6] It is prevalent in euphorbiaceace.[7]

Evolution

Monoecy is considered to have evolved from andromonoecy or gynomonoecy.[8] Male and female flowers evolved from hermaphroditic flowers.[9]

References

  1. ^ Batygina, T. B. (2019-04-23). Embryology of Flowering Plants: Terminology and Concepts, Vol. 3: Reproductive Systems. CRC Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-1-4398-4436-6.
  2. ^ Torices, Rubén; Méndez, Marcos; Gómez, José María (2011). "Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms". New Phytologist. 190 (1): 234–248. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03609.x. ISSN 1469-8137.
  3. ^ Glover, Beverley (February 2014). Understanding Flowers and Flowering Second Edition. Oxford University Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-19-966159-6.
  4. ^ Friedman, Janice; Barrett, Spencer C. H. (January 2009). "The Consequences of Monoecy and Protogyny for Mating in Wind-Pollinated Carex". 181 (2). Retrieved 26 July 2021. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ Prohens-Tomás, Jaime; Nuez, Fernando (2007-12-06). Vegetables I: Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodicaceae, and Cucurbitaceae. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 390. ISBN 978-0-387-30443-4.
  6. ^ Karasawa, Marines Marli Gniech (2015-11-23). Reproductive Diversity of Plants: An Evolutionary Perspective and Genetic Basis. Springer. p. 28. ISBN 978-3-319-21254-8.
  7. ^ Bahadur, Bir; Sujatha, Mulpuri; Carels, Nicolas (2012-12-14). Jatropha, Challenges for a New Energy Crop: Volume 2: Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-4614-4915-7.
  8. ^ Das, Saubhik (2016-07-25). Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future. Springer. p. 148. ISBN 978-981-10-1469-7.
  9. ^ Núñez-Farfán, Juan; Valverde, Pedro Luis (2020-07-30). Evolutionary Ecology of Plant-Herbivore Interaction. Springer Nature. p. 177. ISBN 978-3-030-46012-9.
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