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== Career ==
== Career ==
Baric has published multiple articles and book chapters on the epidemiology and genetics of various viruses, including [[norovirus]],<ref>{{cite web | title=Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection | website=Nature Medicine | date=2003-04-14 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nm860 | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Teunis | first1=Peter F.M. | last2=Moe | first2=Christine L. | last3=Liu | first3=Pengbo | last4=E. Miller | first4=Sara | last5=Lindesmith | first5=Lisa | last6=Baric | first6=Ralph S. | last7=Le Pendu | first7=Jacques | last8=Calderon | first8=Rebecca L. | title=Norwalk virus: How infectious is it? | journal=Journal of Medical Virology | publisher=Wiley | volume=80 | issue=8 | year=2008 | issn=0146-6615 | doi=10.1002/jmv.21237 | pages=1468–1476| pmid=18551613 | s2cid=35718373 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050031 |title=Mechanisms of GII.4 Norovirus Persistence in Human Populations |publisher=Journals.plos.org |date=2008-02-12 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050031 |access-date=2021-02-13|last1=Lindesmith |first1=Lisa C. |last2=Donaldson |first2=Eric F. |last3=Lobue |first3=Anna D. |last4=Cannon |first4=Jennifer L. |last5=Zheng |first5=Du-Ping |last6=Vinje |first6=Jan |last7=Baric |first7=Ralph S. |journal=PLOS Medicine |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=e31 |pmid=18271619 |pmc=2235898 }}</ref> and [[coronavirus]]es,<ref>{{cite web | title=A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses | website=Nature Reviews Microbiology | date=2013-11-11 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nrmicro3143 | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Brian | first1=D. A. | last2=Baric | first2=R. S. | title=Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology | chapter=Coronavirus Genome Structure and Replication | publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg | publication-place=Berlin, Heidelberg | year=2005 | isbn=978-3-540-21494-6 | issn=0070-217X | doi=10.1007/3-540-26765-4_1 | pages=1–30| pmid=15609507 | s2cid=20502390 }}</ref> as well as potential treatments for viral diseases.<ref>{{cite web | title=Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV | website=Nature Communications | date=2020-01-10 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-13940-6 | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Sheahan | first1=Timothy P. | last2=Sims | first2=Amy C. | last3=Graham | first3=Rachel L. | last4=Menachery | first4=Vineet D. | last5=Gralinski | first5=Lisa E. | last6=Case | first6=James B. | last7=Leist | first7=Sarah R. | last8=Pyrc | first8=Krzysztof | last9=Feng | first9=Joy Y. | last10=Trantcheva | first10=Iva | last11=Bannister | first11=Roy | last12=Park | first12=Yeojin | last13=Babusis | first13=Darius | last14=Clarke | first14=Michael O. | last15=Mackman | first15=Richard L. | last16=Spahn | first16=Jamie E. | last17=Palmiotti | first17=Christopher A. | last18=Siegel | first18=Dustin | last19=Ray | first19=Adrian S. | last20=Cihlar | first20=Tomas | last21=Jordan | first21=Robert | last22=Denison | first22=Mark R. | last23=Baric | first23=Ralph S. | title=Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses | journal=Science Translational Medicine | volume=9 | issue=396 | date=2017-06-28 | pages=eaal3653 | issn=1946-6234 | pmid=28659436 | doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653 | pmc=5567817 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
Baric has published multiple articles and book chapters on the epidemiology and genetics of various viruses, including [[norovirus]],<ref>{{cite journal | title=Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection | journal=Nature Medicine | date=2003-04-14 | doi=10.1038/nm860 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nm860 | access-date=2021-02-13| last1=Lindesmith | first1=Lisa | last2=Moe | first2=Christine | last3=Marionneau | first3=Severine | last4=Ruvoen | first4=Nathalie | last5=Jiang | first5=Xi | last6=Lindblad | first6=Lauren | last7=Stewart | first7=Paul | last8=Lependu | first8=Jacques | last9=Baric | first9=Ralph | volume=9 | issue=5 | pages=548–553 | pmid=12692541 | s2cid=28663420 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Teunis | first1=Peter F.M. | last2=Moe | first2=Christine L. | last3=Liu | first3=Pengbo | last4=E. Miller | first4=Sara | last5=Lindesmith | first5=Lisa | last6=Baric | first6=Ralph S. | last7=Le Pendu | first7=Jacques | last8=Calderon | first8=Rebecca L. | title=Norwalk virus: How infectious is it? | journal=Journal of Medical Virology | publisher=Wiley | volume=80 | issue=8 | year=2008 | issn=0146-6615 | doi=10.1002/jmv.21237 | pages=1468–1476| pmid=18551613 | s2cid=35718373 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Mechanisms of GII.4 Norovirus Persistence in Human Populations |publisher=Journals.plos.org |date=2008-02-12 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050031 |last1=Lindesmith |first1=Lisa C. |last2=Donaldson |first2=Eric F. |last3=Lobue |first3=Anna D. |last4=Cannon |first4=Jennifer L. |last5=Zheng |first5=Du-Ping |last6=Vinje |first6=Jan |last7=Baric |first7=Ralph S. |journal=PLOS Medicine |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=e31 |pmid=18271619 |pmc=2235898 }}</ref> and [[coronavirus]]es,<ref>{{cite journal | title=A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses | journal=Nature Reviews Microbiology | date=2013-11-11 | doi=10.1038/nrmicro3143 | last1=Graham | first1=Rachel L. | last2=Donaldson | first2=Eric F. | last3=Baric | first3=Ralph S. | volume=11 | issue=12 | pages=836–848 | pmid=24217413 | pmc=5147543 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Brian | first1=D. A. | last2=Baric | first2=R. S. | title=Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology | chapter=Coronavirus Genome Structure and Replication | publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg | publication-place=Berlin, Heidelberg | year=2005 | volume=287 | isbn=978-3-540-21494-6 | issn=0070-217X | doi=10.1007/3-540-26765-4_1 | pages=1–30| pmid=15609507 | pmc=7120446 | s2cid=20502390 }}</ref> as well as potential treatments for viral diseases.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV | journal=Nature Communications | date=2020-01-10 | doi=10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6 | last1=Sheahan | first1=Timothy P. | last2=Sims | first2=Amy C. | last3=Leist | first3=Sarah R. | last4=Schäfer | first4=Alexandra | last5=Won | first5=John | last6=Brown | first6=Ariane J. | last7=Montgomery | first7=Stephanie A. | last8=Hogg | first8=Alison | last9=Babusis | first9=Darius | last10=Clarke | first10=Michael O. | last11=Spahn | first11=Jamie E. | last12=Bauer | first12=Laura | last13=Sellers | first13=Scott | last14=Porter | first14=Danielle | last15=Feng | first15=Joy Y. | last16=Cihlar | first16=Tomas | last17=Jordan | first17=Robert | last18=Denison | first18=Mark R. | last19=Baric | first19=Ralph S. | volume=11 | issue=1 | page=222 | pmid=31924756 | pmc=6954302 | bibcode=2020NatCo..11..222S }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Sheahan | first1=Timothy P. | last2=Sims | first2=Amy C. | last3=Graham | first3=Rachel L. | last4=Menachery | first4=Vineet D. | last5=Gralinski | first5=Lisa E. | last6=Case | first6=James B. | last7=Leist | first7=Sarah R. | last8=Pyrc | first8=Krzysztof | last9=Feng | first9=Joy Y. | last10=Trantcheva | first10=Iva | last11=Bannister | first11=Roy | last12=Park | first12=Yeojin | last13=Babusis | first13=Darius | last14=Clarke | first14=Michael O. | last15=Mackman | first15=Richard L. | last16=Spahn | first16=Jamie E. | last17=Palmiotti | first17=Christopher A. | last18=Siegel | first18=Dustin | last19=Ray | first19=Adrian S. | last20=Cihlar | first20=Tomas | last21=Jordan | first21=Robert | last22=Denison | first22=Mark R. | last23=Baric | first23=Ralph S. | title=Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses | journal=Science Translational Medicine | volume=9 | issue=396 | date=2017-06-28 | pages=eaal3653 | issn=1946-6234 | pmid=28659436 | doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653 | pmc=5567817 | doi-access=free }}</ref>


In 2015, with [[Shi Zhengli]] of the [[Wuhan Institute of Virology]], he published an article titled "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence," which describes their work in generating and characterizing "a [[Chimera (virus)|chimeric virus]] expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone."<ref>{{cite web | title=A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence | website=Nature Medicine | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.3985 | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref>
In 2015, with [[Shi Zhengli]] of the [[Wuhan Institute of Virology]], he published an article titled "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence," which describes their work in generating and characterizing "a [[Chimera (virus)|chimeric virus]] expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone."<ref>{{cite journal | title=A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence | journal=Nature Medicine | year=2015 | doi=10.1038/nm.3985 | last1=Menachery | first1=Vineet D. | last2=Yount | first2=Boyd L. | last3=Debbink | first3=Kari | last4=Agnihothram | first4=Sudhakar | last5=Gralinski | first5=Lisa E. | last6=Plante | first6=Jessica A. | last7=Graham | first7=Rachel L. | last8=Scobey | first8=Trevor | last9=Ge | first9=Xing-Yi | last10=Donaldson | first10=Eric F. | last11=Randell | first11=Scott H. | last12=Lanzavecchia | first12=Antonio | last13=Marasco | first13=Wayne A. | last14=Shi | first14=Zhengli-Li | last15=Baric | first15=Ralph S. | volume=21 | issue=12 | pages=1508–1513 | pmid=26552008 | pmc=4797993 }}</ref>


In 2020, Baric contributed to establishing the official nomenclature and taxonomic classification of [[SARS-CoV-2]].<ref>{{cite web | title=The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus : classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 | website=Nature Microbiology | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0695-z | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref>
In 2020, Baric contributed to establishing the official nomenclature and taxonomic classification of [[SARS-CoV-2]].<ref>{{cite journal | title=The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus : classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2 | journal=Nature Microbiology | year=2020 | volume=5 | issue=4 | pages=536–544 | doi=10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z | s2cid=211729429 | url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-020-0695-z | access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 05:22, 8 November 2021

Ralph S. Baric
Born1954 (age 69–70)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materNorth Carolina State University
Scientific career
FieldsEpidemiology
InstitutionsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
ThesisInhibitors of host transcription block Sindbis virus replication (1982)
Doctoral advisorRobert E. Johnston
Doctoral studentsLisa Ellen Hensley

Ralph Steven Baric (born 1954) is William R. Kenan Jr. Distinguished Professor in the Department of Epidemiology, and Professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Baric's work involves coronaviruses, including gain of function research aimed at devising effective vaccines against coronaviruses.[1] Baric has warned of emerging coronaviruses presenting as a significant threat to global health, due to zoonosis.[2][3]

Career

Baric has published multiple articles and book chapters on the epidemiology and genetics of various viruses, including norovirus,[4][5][6] and coronaviruses,[7][8] as well as potential treatments for viral diseases.[9][10]

In 2015, with Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology, he published an article titled "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence," which describes their work in generating and characterizing "a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone."[11]

In 2020, Baric contributed to establishing the official nomenclature and taxonomic classification of SARS-CoV-2.[12]

References

  1. ^ "Hear from top scientist who has spent 'years' working toward a cure for coronaviruses". Msnbc.com. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
  2. ^ Schmidt, Charles (2020-06-09). "For Experts Who Study Coronaviruses, a Grim Vindication". Medscape. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
  3. ^ Rowan Jacobsen, 29 June 2021. Inside the risky bat-virus engineering that links America to Wuhan. MIT Technology Review.
  4. ^ Lindesmith, Lisa; Moe, Christine; Marionneau, Severine; Ruvoen, Nathalie; Jiang, Xi; Lindblad, Lauren; Stewart, Paul; Lependu, Jacques; Baric, Ralph (2003-04-14). "Human susceptibility and resistance to Norwalk virus infection". Nature Medicine. 9 (5): 548–553. doi:10.1038/nm860. PMID 12692541. S2CID 28663420. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
  5. ^ Teunis, Peter F.M.; Moe, Christine L.; Liu, Pengbo; E. Miller, Sara; Lindesmith, Lisa; Baric, Ralph S.; Le Pendu, Jacques; Calderon, Rebecca L. (2008). "Norwalk virus: How infectious is it?". Journal of Medical Virology. 80 (8). Wiley: 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/jmv.21237. ISSN 0146-6615. PMID 18551613. S2CID 35718373.
  6. ^ Lindesmith, Lisa C.; Donaldson, Eric F.; Lobue, Anna D.; Cannon, Jennifer L.; Zheng, Du-Ping; Vinje, Jan; Baric, Ralph S. (2008-02-12). "Mechanisms of GII.4 Norovirus Persistence in Human Populations". PLOS Medicine. 5 (2). Journals.plos.org: e31. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050031. PMC 2235898. PMID 18271619.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  7. ^ Graham, Rachel L.; Donaldson, Eric F.; Baric, Ralph S. (2013-11-11). "A decade after SARS: strategies for controlling emerging coronaviruses". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 11 (12): 836–848. doi:10.1038/nrmicro3143. PMC 5147543. PMID 24217413.
  8. ^ Brian, D. A.; Baric, R. S. (2005). "Coronavirus Genome Structure and Replication". Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Vol. 287. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 1–30. doi:10.1007/3-540-26765-4_1. ISBN 978-3-540-21494-6. ISSN 0070-217X. PMC 7120446. PMID 15609507. S2CID 20502390.
  9. ^ Sheahan, Timothy P.; Sims, Amy C.; Leist, Sarah R.; Schäfer, Alexandra; Won, John; Brown, Ariane J.; Montgomery, Stephanie A.; Hogg, Alison; Babusis, Darius; Clarke, Michael O.; Spahn, Jamie E.; Bauer, Laura; Sellers, Scott; Porter, Danielle; Feng, Joy Y.; Cihlar, Tomas; Jordan, Robert; Denison, Mark R.; Baric, Ralph S. (2020-01-10). "Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 222. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11..222S. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6. PMC 6954302. PMID 31924756.
  10. ^ Sheahan, Timothy P.; Sims, Amy C.; Graham, Rachel L.; Menachery, Vineet D.; Gralinski, Lisa E.; Case, James B.; Leist, Sarah R.; Pyrc, Krzysztof; Feng, Joy Y.; Trantcheva, Iva; Bannister, Roy; Park, Yeojin; Babusis, Darius; Clarke, Michael O.; Mackman, Richard L.; Spahn, Jamie E.; Palmiotti, Christopher A.; Siegel, Dustin; Ray, Adrian S.; Cihlar, Tomas; Jordan, Robert; Denison, Mark R.; Baric, Ralph S. (2017-06-28). "Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses". Science Translational Medicine. 9 (396): eaal3653. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653. ISSN 1946-6234. PMC 5567817. PMID 28659436.
  11. ^ Menachery, Vineet D.; Yount, Boyd L.; Debbink, Kari; Agnihothram, Sudhakar; Gralinski, Lisa E.; Plante, Jessica A.; Graham, Rachel L.; Scobey, Trevor; Ge, Xing-Yi; Donaldson, Eric F.; Randell, Scott H.; Lanzavecchia, Antonio; Marasco, Wayne A.; Shi, Zhengli-Li; Baric, Ralph S. (2015). "A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence". Nature Medicine. 21 (12): 1508–1513. doi:10.1038/nm.3985. PMC 4797993. PMID 26552008.
  12. ^ "The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus : classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2". Nature Microbiology. 5 (4): 536–544. 2020. doi:10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z. S2CID 211729429. Retrieved 2021-02-13.

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