Tofu-dreg project: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Mainland Chinese phrase for a poorly-constructed building}} |
{{short description|Mainland Chinese phrase for a poorly-constructed building}} |
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'''"Tofu-dreg project"''' ({{Lang-zh|t=豆腐渣工程|p=dòufuzhā gōngchéng}}) is a phrase used in [[ |
'''"Tofu-dreg project"''' ({{Lang-zh|t=豆腐渣工程|p=dòufuzhā gōngchéng}}) is a phrase used in the [[Chinese-speaking world]] to describe a [[Structural failure|poorly constructed]] building. The phrase was [[Neologism|coined]] by [[Zhu Rongji]], the former [[Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China|premier]] of the [[China|People's Republic of China]], on a 1998 visit to [[Jiujiang|Jiujiang City]], [[Jiangxi|Jiangxi Province]] to describe a poorly-built set of flood dykes in the [[Yangtze|Yangtze River]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cary|first=Eve|title=China's Dangerous Tofu Projects|url=https://thediplomat.com/2012/02/chinas-dangerous-tofu-projects/|access-date=2021-11-20|website=thediplomat.com|language=en-US}}</ref> The phrase is notably used referring to buildings collapsed in the [[2008 Sichuan earthquake]] disaster,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shuk-ting|first=Kinnia Yau|url=https://books.google.nl/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yKZEAgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=tofu-dreg+construction&ots=Ks1Vu_1nCq&sig=Yh1k8rBqcl-zyMZyFjO6p7iiLN4&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=tofu-dreg%20construction&f=false|title=Natural Disaster and Reconstruction in Asian Economies: A Global Synthesis of Shared Experiences|date=2013-12-05|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-137-36416-6|language=en}}</ref> but is also used for shoddy construction projects elsewhere, such as the [[Sampoong Department Store collapse]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=墨西哥地震學校倒塌 豆腐渣工程核准人判208年 {{!}} 國際 {{!}} 中央社 CNA|url=https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/202107160303.aspx|access-date=2022-01-18|website=www.cna.com.tw|language=zh-Hant-TW}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=糗！金正恩建設是「豆腐渣工程」 強風一來屋頂直接被吹翻 {{!}} ETtoday國際新聞 {{!}} ETtoday新聞雲|url=https://www.ettoday.net/news/20211230/2157961.htm|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-18|website=www.ettoday.net|language=zh-Hant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=20秒害死502人：26年前的豆腐渣工程，成为韩国人永远的痛_湃客_澎湃新闻-The Paper|url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_12163299|access-date=2022-01-18|website=www.thepaper.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=新加坡惊现建筑“豆腐渣”工程|url=http://news.nanyangpost.com/2016/09/25_25.html|access-date=2022-01-18|website=南洋视界}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=新加坡眼|date=2016-06-19|title=新加坡也有豆腐渣工程，倒下的瞬间，太吓人了！|url=https://www.yan.sg/taixiarenle/|access-date=2022-01-18|website=新加坡眼|language=zh-CN}}</ref> |
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In China, the term [[Okara (food)|tofu dregs]] (the pieces left over after making tofu) is widely used as a [[metaphor]] for shoddy work, hence the implication that a "tofu-dreg project" is a poorly executed project |
In China, the term [[Okara (food)|tofu dregs]] (the pieces left over after making tofu) is widely used as a [[metaphor]] for shoddy work, hence the implication that a "tofu-dreg project" is a poorly executed project.<ref>{{cite web|date=May 21, 2008|title=Rising death toll, popular anger in China quake|url=http://www.wsws.org/articles/2008/may2008/quak-m21.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316004946/https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2008/05/quak-m21.html|archive-date=2013-03-16|publisher=World Socialist Web Site|quote=Pu Changxue, whose son Pu Tong died crushed in a classroom, said: “This was a tofu dregs project and the government should assume responsibility." (...) Tofu dregs—the messy leftovers after making bean curd—are a common expression for low-quality work.}}</ref> |
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After visiting China in early 2011, Canadian journalist [[Lawrence Solomon]] stated that many Chinese people "fear that a 'tofu dam' might fail, leading to hundreds of thousands of downstream victims."<ref>http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/01/22/lawrence-solomon-china%e2%80%99s-fall/#ixzz1BooXWYDn {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120708064309/http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/01/22/lawrence-solomon-china%E2%80%99s-fall/%23ixzz1BooXWYDn#ixzz1BooXWYDn |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> |
After visiting China in early 2011, Canadian journalist [[Lawrence Solomon]] stated that many Chinese people "fear that a 'tofu dam' might fail, leading to hundreds of thousands of downstream victims."<ref>http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/01/22/lawrence-solomon-china%e2%80%99s-fall/#ixzz1BooXWYDn {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120708064309/http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/01/22/lawrence-solomon-china%E2%80%99s-fall/%23ixzz1BooXWYDn#ixzz1BooXWYDn |date=2012-07-08 }}</ref> |
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According to Chinese architect Li Hu, tofu-dreg projects in China are vastly outnumbered by buildings without construction flaws. Li said that in most cases, ill-constructed buildings don't collapse but merely have a reduced lifespan or leakages.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rizzardi|first=Pier Alessio|url=https://books.google.nl/books?id=m11wDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA294&dq=tofu+dreg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiThtPAvbv1AhVsg_0HHSNFAokQ6AF6BAgFEAI#v=onepage&q=tofu%20dreg&f=false|title=The Condition of Chinese Architecture|last2=Hankun|first2=Zhang|date=2018|publisher=TCA Think Tank|isbn=978-1-9164537-0-8|language=en}}</ref> |
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==Tofu-dreg projects in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake== |
==Tofu-dreg projects in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake== |
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The collapses were linked to [[Sichuan schools corruption scandal|allegations of corruption in the construction of Chinese schools]]. |
The collapses were linked to [[Sichuan schools corruption scandal|allegations of corruption in the construction of Chinese schools]]. |
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==See also== |
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* [[2008 Wenchuan earthquake]] |
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* [[Sichuan schools corruption scandal]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 14:51, 18 January 2022
"Tofu-dreg project" (Chinese: 豆腐渣工程; pinyin: dòufuzhā gōngchéng) is a phrase used in the Chinese-speaking world to describe a poorly constructed building. The phrase was coined by Zhu Rongji, the former premier of the People's Republic of China, on a 1998 visit to Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province to describe a poorly-built set of flood dykes in the Yangtze River.[1] The phrase is notably used referring to buildings collapsed in the 2008 Sichuan earthquake disaster,[2] but is also used for shoddy construction projects elsewhere, such as the Sampoong Department Store collapse.[3][4][5][6][7]
In China, the term tofu dregs (the pieces left over after making tofu) is widely used as a metaphor for shoddy work, hence the implication that a "tofu-dreg project" is a poorly executed project.[8]
After visiting China in early 2011, Canadian journalist Lawrence Solomon stated that many Chinese people "fear that a 'tofu dam' might fail, leading to hundreds of thousands of downstream victims."[9]
According to Chinese architect Li Hu, tofu-dreg projects in China are vastly outnumbered by buildings without construction flaws. Li said that in most cases, ill-constructed buildings don't collapse but merely have a reduced lifespan or leakages.[10]
Tofu-dreg projects in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
During the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, many schoolhouses fell down, and many students died. These buildings have been taken to exemplify tofu-dreg projects.
…School construction is the worst. First, there’s not enough capital. Schools in poor areas have small budgets and, unlike schools in the cities, they can’t collect huge fees, so they’re pressed for money. With construction, add in exploitation by government officials, education officials, school managers, etc. and you can imagine what’s left over for the actual building of schools. When earthquake prevention standards are raised, government departments, major businesses, etc. will all appraise and reinforce their buildings. But these schools with their 70s-era buildings, no one pays attention to them. Because of this, the older school buildings are suffer[ing] from inadequate protection while the new buildings have been shoddily constructed.
— A construction engineer using the pseudonym "Book Blade" (书剑子) [11]
The collapses were linked to allegations of corruption in the construction of Chinese schools.
References
- ^ Cary, Eve. "China's Dangerous Tofu Projects". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2021-11-20.
- ^ Shuk-ting, Kinnia Yau (2013-12-05). Natural Disaster and Reconstruction in Asian Economies: A Global Synthesis of Shared Experiences. Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-36416-6.
- ^ "墨西哥地震學校倒塌 豆腐渣工程核准人判208年 | 國際 | 中央社 CNA". www.cna.com.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "糗！金正恩建設是「豆腐渣工程」 強風一來屋頂直接被吹翻 | ETtoday國際新聞 | ETtoday新聞雲". www.ettoday.net (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2022-01-18.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "20秒害死502人：26年前的豆腐渣工程，成为韩国人永远的痛_湃客_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "新加坡惊现建筑"豆腐渣"工程". 南洋视界. Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ 新加坡眼 (2016-06-19). "新加坡也有豆腐渣工程，倒下的瞬间，太吓人了！". 新加坡眼 (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 2022-01-18.
- ^ "Rising death toll, popular anger in China quake". World Socialist Web Site. May 21, 2008. Archived from the original on 2013-03-16.
Pu Changxue, whose son Pu Tong died crushed in a classroom, said: "This was a tofu dregs project and the government should assume responsibility." (...) Tofu dregs—the messy leftovers after making bean curd—are a common expression for low-quality work.
- ^ http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2011/01/22/lawrence-solomon-china%e2%80%99s-fall/#ixzz1BooXWYDn Archived 2012-07-08 at archive.today
- ^ Rizzardi, Pier Alessio; Hankun, Zhang (2018). The Condition of Chinese Architecture. TCA Think Tank. ISBN 978-1-9164537-0-8.
- ^ "A Construction Engineer's Thoughts on the Sichuan Earthquake". China Digital Times. May 22, 2008.
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