Arne Magnéli: Difference between revisions
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Magnéli studied at [[Stockholm University]] and graduated with a [[Licentiate (degree)|Licentiate]] in 1941. He moved to [[Uppsala University]] to conduct his graduate research under [[Gunnar Hägg]], obtaining his PhD in 1950 for the study on [[Tungsten bronze|tungsten bronzes]]. He took up a teaching position at [[Stockholm University]] in 1953, and later became the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the university until his retirement in 1980.<ref name=iucr></ref> |
Magnéli studied at [[Stockholm University]] and graduated with a [[Licentiate (degree)|Licentiate]] in 1941. He moved to [[Uppsala University]] to conduct his graduate research under [[Gunnar Hägg]], obtaining his PhD in 1950 for the study on [[Tungsten bronze|tungsten bronzes]]. He took up a teaching position at [[Stockholm University]] in 1953, and later became the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the university until his retirement in 1980.<ref name=iucr></ref> |
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From his research into the structures of transition metal oxides, Magnéli developed the concept of ''recurrent dislocations'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Magnéli |first=A. |date=1953-06-01 |title=Structures of the ReO<sub>3</sub> -type with recurrent dislocations of atoms: `homologous series' of molybdenum and tungsten oxides |url=http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S0365110X53001381 |journal=Acta Crystallographica |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=495–500 |doi=10.1107/S0365110X53001381 |issn=0365-110X}}</ref> which nowadays is known as [[crystallographic shear]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Magnéli |first=Arne |title=NON-STOICHIOMETRY AND STRUCTURAL DISORDER IN SOME FAMILIES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS |date=1979 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780080220369500111 |work=Physical Chemistry |pages=1261–1271 |publisher=Elsevier |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-08-022036-9.50011-1 |isbn=978-0-08-022036-9 |access-date=2022-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Voskanyan |first=Albert A. |last2=Navrotsky |first2=Alexandra |date=2021-07-26 |title=Shear Pleasure: The Structure, Formation, and Thermodynamics of Crystallographic Shear Phases |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070720-013445 |journal=Annual Review of Materials Research |language=en |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=521–540 |doi=10.1146/annurev-matsci-070720-013445 |issn=1531-7331}}</ref> The [[Magnéli phases]] of transition metal oxides, such as [[tungsten oxide]], [[molybdenum oxide]], and [[vanadium oxide]] are named after him.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schwingenschlögl |first=U. |last2=Eyert |first2=V. |date=2004-09-01 |title=The vanadium Magnéli phases V<sub>n</sub>O<sub>2n-1</sub> |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.200410099 |journal=Annalen der Physik |language=en |volume=13 |issue=9 |pages=475–510 |doi=10.1002/andp.200410099 |issn=0003-3804}}</ref> |
From his research into the structures of transition metal oxides, Magnéli developed the concept of ''recurrent dislocations'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Magnéli |first=A. |date=1953-06-01 |title=Structures of the ReO<sub>3</sub> -type with recurrent dislocations of atoms: `homologous series' of molybdenum and tungsten oxides |url=http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S0365110X53001381 |journal=Acta Crystallographica |volume=6 |issue=6 |pages=495–500 |doi=10.1107/S0365110X53001381 |issn=0365-110X}}</ref> which nowadays is known as [[crystallographic shear]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Magnéli |first=Arne |title=NON-STOICHIOMETRY AND STRUCTURAL DISORDER IN SOME FAMILIES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS |date=1979 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780080220369500111 |work=Physical Chemistry |pages=1261–1271 |publisher=Elsevier |language=en |doi=10.1016/b978-0-08-022036-9.50011-1 |isbn=978-0-08-022036-9 |access-date=2022-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Voskanyan |first=Albert A. |last2=Navrotsky |first2=Alexandra |date=2021-07-26 |title=Shear Pleasure: The Structure, Formation, and Thermodynamics of Crystallographic Shear Phases |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-matsci-070720-013445 |journal=Annual Review of Materials Research |language=en |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=521–540 |doi=10.1146/annurev-matsci-070720-013445 |issn=1531-7331}}</ref> The [[Magnéli phases]] of transition metal oxides, such as nonstoichiometric [[tungsten oxide]], [[molybdenum oxide]], [[titanium oxide]], and [[vanadium oxide]] are named after him.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smith |first=J. R. |last2=Walsh |first2=F. C. |last3=Clarke |first3=R. L. |date=1998 |title=Electrodes based on Magnéli phase titanium oxides: the properties and applications of Ebonex® materials |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1023/A:1003469427858 |journal=Journal of Applied Electrochemistry |volume=28 |issue=10 |pages=1021–1033 |doi=10.1023/A:1003469427858}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schwingenschlögl |first=U. |last2=Eyert |first2=V. |date=2004-09-01 |title=The vanadium Magnéli phases V<sub>n</sub>O<sub>2n-1</sub> |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.200410099 |journal=Annalen der Physik |language=en |volume=13 |issue=9 |pages=475–510 |doi=10.1002/andp.200410099 |issn=0003-3804}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lee |first=Yun-Jae |last2=Lee |first2=Taehun |last3=Soon |first3=Aloysius |date=2019-06-11 |title=Phase Stability Diagrams of Group 6 Magnéli Oxides and Their Implications for Photon-Assisted Applications |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01430 |journal=Chemistry of Materials |language=en |volume=31 |issue=11 |pages=4282–4290 |doi=10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01430 |issn=0897-4756}}</ref> |
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Magnéli served as the secretary of the [[Nobel Committee for Physics]] from 1966 to 1973 and the [[Nobel Committee for Chemistry]] from 1966 to 1986.<ref name=iucr></ref> |
Magnéli served as the secretary of the [[Nobel Committee for Physics]] from 1966 to 1973 and the [[Nobel Committee for Chemistry]] from 1966 to 1986.<ref name=iucr></ref> |
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Revision as of 09:56, 30 May 2022
Arne Magnéli (December 6, 1914 – July 22, 1996) was a Swedish chemist and crystallographer known for his work on the structure determination of transition metal oxides and alloys, including the study into their homologous series and nonstoichiometric phenomenon.[1]
Magnéli studied at Stockholm University and graduated with a Licentiate in 1941. He moved to Uppsala University to conduct his graduate research under Gunnar Hägg, obtaining his PhD in 1950 for the study on tungsten bronzes. He took up a teaching position at Stockholm University in 1953, and later became the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at the university until his retirement in 1980.[1]
From his research into the structures of transition metal oxides, Magnéli developed the concept of recurrent dislocations,[2] which nowadays is known as crystallographic shear.[3][4] The Magnéli phases of transition metal oxides, such as nonstoichiometric tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, and vanadium oxide are named after him.[5][6][7]
Magnéli served as the secretary of the Nobel Committee for Physics from 1966 to 1973 and the Nobel Committee for Chemistry from 1966 to 1986.[1]
External link
References
- ^ a b c "Arne Magnéli (1914-1996)". www.iucr.org. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
- ^ Magnéli, A. (1953-06-01). "Structures of the ReO3 -type with recurrent dislocations of atoms: `homologous series' of molybdenum and tungsten oxides". Acta Crystallographica. 6 (6): 495–500. doi:10.1107/S0365110X53001381. ISSN 0365-110X.
- ^ Magnéli, Arne (1979), "NON-STOICHIOMETRY AND STRUCTURAL DISORDER IN SOME FAMILIES OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS", Physical Chemistry, Elsevier, pp. 1261–1271, doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-022036-9.50011-1, ISBN 978-0-08-022036-9, retrieved 2022-05-29
- ^ Voskanyan, Albert A.; Navrotsky, Alexandra (2021-07-26). "Shear Pleasure: The Structure, Formation, and Thermodynamics of Crystallographic Shear Phases". Annual Review of Materials Research. 51 (1): 521–540. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070720-013445. ISSN 1531-7331.
- ^ Smith, J. R.; Walsh, F. C.; Clarke, R. L. (1998). "Electrodes based on Magnéli phase titanium oxides: the properties and applications of Ebonex® materials". Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 28 (10): 1021–1033. doi:10.1023/A:1003469427858.
- ^ Schwingenschlögl, U.; Eyert, V. (2004-09-01). "The vanadium Magnéli phases VnO2n-1". Annalen der Physik. 13 (9): 475–510. doi:10.1002/andp.200410099. ISSN 0003-3804.
- ^ Lee, Yun-Jae; Lee, Taehun; Soon, Aloysius (2019-06-11). "Phase Stability Diagrams of Group 6 Magnéli Oxides and Their Implications for Photon-Assisted Applications". Chemistry of Materials. 31 (11): 4282–4290. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01430. ISSN 0897-4756.