Cold pad batch: Difference between revisions
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Cold pad batch (CPB) is one of the methods of dyeing cotton fabrics. High dye fixation and no thermal energy are the advantages of the Cold Pad Batch (CPB) process. The rate of dyed fabric production is low because the dye needs at least twelve hours to fix for every batch.[1] Fabrics dyed on CPB have a softer hand feel and a cleaner surface than materials dyed on exhaust dyeing.[2] The process was developed in 1960.[3]
Process
The method exploits the properties of reactive dyes, which are also applicable at room temperature.[3] Cotton can be dyed with a variety of dyes, although reactive dye is the most prevalent. Active groups in these dyes form covalent bonds with cotton's hydroxy groups through substitution and/or addition. The CPB method doesn't use salt or energy to dye, which makes it easy to use, less expensive, and good for the environment. [1]
CPB is a semi-continuous process[4] that uses a padding mangle to pad the fabric with dye liquor and a suitable alkali [for reaction and fixing]. After the roll is padded, it is immediately wound and wrapped. It is then batched or rotated continuously for 6–24 hours. The material is then washed to remove the unfixed dye, which is possible to do with a continuous washing line or a batch dyeing machine.[2]
Sustainable
The cold pad batch process is economical as well as ecologically sustainable. There is no use of salt, which is an inevitability in other exhaust applications of reactive dyes. The three other parameters represent significant savings, i.e., water, energy, and dyes and chemicals.[2][5]
See also
References
- ^ a b Khatri, Zeeshan; Memon, Muhammad Hanif; Khatri, Awais; Tanwari, Anwaruddin (2011-11-01). "Cold Pad-Batch dyeing method for cotton fabric dyeing with reactive dyes using ultrasonic energy". Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 18 (6): 1301–1307. doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.04.001. ISSN 1350-4177.
- ^ a b c Blackburn, Richard (2015-08-28). Sustainable Apparel: Production, Processing and Recycling. Woodhead Publishing. p. 147. ISBN 978-1-78242-357-7.
- ^ a b Gordon, S.; Hsieh, Y. L. (2006-12-22). Cotton: Science and Technology. Woodhead Publishing. p. 367. ISBN 978-1-84569-248-3.
- ^ Bechtold, Thomas; Pham, Tung (2019-03-18). Textile Chemistry. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 269. ISBN 978-3-11-054989-8.
- ^ Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan; Gardetti, Miguel Angel (2020-03-31). Sustainability in the Textile and Apparel Industries: Production Process Sustainability. Springer Nature. pp. 50, 51. ISBN 978-3-030-38545-3.