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'''Polydolopimorphia''' is an extinct order of [[metatheria]]ns, more closely related to extant [[marsupials]] than other extinct mammals. Known from the [[Paleocene]]-[[Pliocene]] of [[South America]] and the [[Eocene]] of [[Antarctica]], they were a diverse group during the Paleogene, filling many niches, before declining and becoming extinct at the end of the [[Neogene]].<ref name="Beck2016">{{cite journal|last1=Beck|first1=Robin M. D.|title=The Skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the Early Eocene Itaboraí Fauna, Southeastern Brazil, and the Affinities of the Extinct Marsupialiform Order Polydolopimorphia|journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution|volume=24|issue=4|year=2016|pages=373–414|issn=1064-7554|doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9357-6|pmid=29187780|pmc=5684316}}</ref> It is divided into two suborders, Bonapartheriiformes, and Polydolopiformes <ref name="ChornogubskyGoin2015">{{cite journal|last1=Chornogubsky|first1=Laura|last2=Goin|first2=Francisco J.|title=A review of the molar morphology and phylogenetic affinities of Sillustania quechuense(Metatheria, Polydolopimorphia, Sillustaniidae), from the early Paleogene of Laguna Umayo, southeastern Peru|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=35|issue=6|year=2015|pages=e983238|issn=0272-4634|doi=10.1080/02724634.2015.983238|s2cid=86106580 }}</ref> The morphology of the teeth suggests that polydolopimorphians may be crown group marsupials, nested within [[Australidelphia]]. The group contained [[Omnivore|omnivorous]], [[Frugivore|frugivorous]] and [[herbivorous]] forms.<ref>{{Citation|last1=Goin|first1=Francisco J.|title=Phylogeny and Diversity of South American Metatherians|date=2016|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-017-7420-8_5|work=A Brief History of South American Metatherians|pages=155–183|place=Dordrecht|publisher=Springer Netherlands|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-94-017-7420-8_5|isbn=978-94-017-7418-5|access-date=2022-02-19|last2=Woodburne|first2=Michael O.|last3=Zimicz|first3=Ana Natalia|last4=Martin|first4=Gabriel M.|last5=Chornogubsky|first5=Laura}}</ref>
'''Polydolopimorphia''' is an extinct order of [[metatheria]]ns, more closely related to extant [[marsupials]] than other extinct mammals. Known from the [[Paleocene]]-[[Pliocene]] of [[South America]] and the [[Eocene]] of [[Antarctica]], they were a diverse group during the Paleogene, filling many niches, before declining and becoming extinct at the end of the [[Neogene]].<ref name="Beck2016">{{cite journal|last1=Beck|first1=Robin M. D.|title=The Skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the Early Eocene Itaboraí Fauna, Southeastern Brazil, and the Affinities of the Extinct Marsupialiform Order Polydolopimorphia|journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution|volume=24|issue=4|year=2016|pages=373–414|issn=1064-7554|doi=10.1007/s10914-016-9357-6|pmid=29187780|pmc=5684316}}</ref> It is divided into two suborders, Bonapartheriiformes, and Polydolopiformes <ref name="ChornogubskyGoin2015">{{cite journal|last1=Chornogubsky|first1=Laura|last2=Goin|first2=Francisco J.|title=A review of the molar morphology and phylogenetic affinities of Sillustania quechuense(Metatheria, Polydolopimorphia, Sillustaniidae), from the early Paleogene of Laguna Umayo, southeastern Peru|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|volume=35|issue=6|year=2015|pages=e983238|issn=0272-4634|doi=10.1080/02724634.2015.983238|s2cid=86106580 }}</ref> Most members are only known from jaw fragments, which have their characteristically generally [[bunodont]] teeth.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Beck |first=Robin M. D. |title=Diversity and Phylogeny of Marsupials and Their Stem Relatives (Metatheria) |date=2023 |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-88800-8_35-1 |work=American and Australasian Marsupials |pages=1–66 |editor-last=Cáceres |editor-first=Nilton C. |access-date=2023-05-14 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-88800-8_35-1 |isbn=978-3-030-88800-8 |editor2-last=Dickman |editor2-first=Christopher R.}}</ref> The morphology of their teeth has lead to proposals that polydolopimorphians may be crown group marsupials, nested within [[Australidelphia]],<ref name=":1" /> though this proposal, and the monophyly of the order as a whole has been questioned, with other analyses finding them outside of crown-group Marsupialia.<ref name=":0" /> The group contained [[Omnivore|omnivorous]], [[Frugivore|frugivorous]] and [[herbivorous]] forms.<ref name=":1">{{Citation|last1=Goin|first1=Francisco J.|title=Phylogeny and Diversity of South American Metatherians|date=2016|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-017-7420-8_5|work=A Brief History of South American Metatherians|pages=155–183|place=Dordrecht|publisher=Springer Netherlands|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-94-017-7420-8_5|isbn=978-94-017-7418-5|access-date=2022-02-19|last2=Woodburne|first2=Michael O.|last3=Zimicz|first3=Ana Natalia|last4=Martin|first4=Gabriel M.|last5=Chornogubsky|first5=Laura}}</ref>


== Taxonomy ==
== Taxonomy ==

Revision as of 22:25, 14 May 2023

Polydolopimorphia
Temporal range: Paleocene– Pliocene, 66–2.6 Ma
Argyrolagus palmeri
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Metatheria
Clade: Marsupialiformes
Order: †Polydolopimorphia
Archer, 1984
Subgroups

Polydolopimorphia is an extinct order of metatherians, more closely related to extant marsupials than other extinct mammals. Known from the Paleocene-Pliocene of South America and the Eocene of Antarctica, they were a diverse group during the Paleogene, filling many niches, before declining and becoming extinct at the end of the Neogene.[1] It is divided into two suborders, Bonapartheriiformes, and Polydolopiformes [2] Most members are only known from jaw fragments, which have their characteristically generally bunodont teeth.[3] The morphology of their teeth has lead to proposals that polydolopimorphians may be crown group marsupials, nested within Australidelphia,[4] though this proposal, and the monophyly of the order as a whole has been questioned, with other analyses finding them outside of crown-group Marsupialia.[3] The group contained omnivorous, frugivorous and herbivorous forms.[4]

Taxonomy

Taxonomical subdivision of the Polydolopimorphia:[5]

References

  1. ^ Beck, Robin M. D. (2016). "The Skull of Epidolops ameghinoi from the Early Eocene Itaboraí Fauna, Southeastern Brazil, and the Affinities of the Extinct Marsupialiform Order Polydolopimorphia". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 24 (4): 373–414. doi:10.1007/s10914-016-9357-6. ISSN 1064-7554. PMC 5684316. PMID 29187780.
  2. ^ Chornogubsky, Laura; Goin, Francisco J. (2015). "A review of the molar morphology and phylogenetic affinities of Sillustania quechuense(Metatheria, Polydolopimorphia, Sillustaniidae), from the early Paleogene of Laguna Umayo, southeastern Peru". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (6): e983238. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.983238. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86106580.
  3. ^ a b Beck, Robin M. D. (2023), Cáceres, Nilton C.; Dickman, Christopher R. (eds.), "Diversity and Phylogeny of Marsupials and Their Stem Relatives (Metatheria)", American and Australasian Marsupials, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–66, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-88800-8_35-1, ISBN 978-3-030-88800-8, retrieved 2023-05-14
  4. ^ a b Goin, Francisco J.; Woodburne, Michael O.; Zimicz, Ana Natalia; Martin, Gabriel M.; Chornogubsky, Laura (2016), "Phylogeny and Diversity of South American Metatherians", A Brief History of South American Metatherians, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 155–183, doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7420-8_5, ISBN 978-94-017-7418-5, retrieved 2022-02-19
  5. ^ Polydolopimorphia at Fossilworks.org
  6. ^ Laura Chornogubsky (2021). "Interrelationships of Polydolopidae (Mammalia: Marsupialia) from South America and Antarctica". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 192 (4): 1195–1236. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa143. Along with:
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