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The only requirements for ICLEI membership are a self-defined commitment to climate protection and the payment of annual membership dues. Dues are determined through a fair share model, based on the type of organization and its population size and income level.<ref>{{cite web |title=What it means to be an ICLEI Member |url=https://iclei.org/about_iclei_2/join/ |website=ICLEI}}</ref>
The only requirements for ICLEI membership are a self-defined commitment to climate protection and the payment of annual membership dues. Dues are determined through a fair share model, based on the type of organization and its population size and income level.<ref>{{cite web |title=What it means to be an ICLEI Member |url=https://iclei.org/about_iclei_2/join/ |website=ICLEI}}</ref>
Cities and municipalities are recognized as key stakeholders with a significant role to play in implementing climate change policies and reducing emissions, through energy, transportation, land use, construction, waste management and education.<ref name="Zeppel">{{cite book |last1=Zeppel |first1=Heather |title=Climate Change and Global Policy Regimes: Towards Institutional Legitimacy |date=2013 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-1-137-00612-7 |pages=217–231 |url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137006127_15 |language=en |chapter=The ICLEI Cities for Climate Protection Programme: Local Government Networks in Urban Climate Governance}}</ref>
In 2009, ICLEI included 1,227 local government members worldwide in 70 countries, with more than 600 in the United States.<ref name="autogenerated2" /> {{As of| 2020}}, ICLEI counts more than 1,750 local governments within its network.<ref name="Roberts">{{cite news |last1=Roberts |first1=Kale |title=Three Decades of Sustainability: ICLEI at 30 Enters Next ‘Decade of Local Action’ {{!}} ICLEI USA |url=https://icleiusa.org/iclei-at-30/ |work=icleiusa.org |date=4 September 2020}}</ref>
In 2009, ICLEI included 1,227 local government members worldwide in 70 countries, with more than 600 in the United States.<ref name="autogenerated2" /> {{As of| 2020}}, ICLEI counts more than 1,750 local governments within its network.<ref name="Roberts">{{cite news |last1=Roberts |first1=Kale |title=Three Decades of Sustainability: ICLEI at 30 Enters Next ‘Decade of Local Action’ {{!}} ICLEI USA |url=https://icleiusa.org/iclei-at-30/ |work=icleiusa.org |date=4 September 2020}}</ref>


U.S. local government members include cities, towns, and counties of all sizes, from [[New York City]] and [[Los Angeles County]] to [[Dubuque, Iowa]], and [[Arlington, Texas]].<ref>[http://www.icleiusa.org/about-iclei/staff/about-iclei/members/member-list Member List — ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313213856/http://www.icleiusa.org/about-iclei/staff/about-iclei/members/member-list |date=2012-03-13 }}</ref> ICLEI USA membership grew by 58% in 2008<ref>ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability USA, "Annual Report 2008," 2/1/2009 {{cite web|url=http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/ICLEI-annual-report-08.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-02-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313213738/http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/ICLEI-annual-report-08.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-13 }}</ref> and by 25% in 2009.<ref>ICLEI-Local Governments for Sustainability USA, "Measuring Up Annual Report 2009," 12/15/2009 {{cite web|url=http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/ICLEI%20USA%202009%20Annual%20Report.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-02-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121217232934/http://www.icleiusa.org/library/documents/ICLEI%20USA%202009%20Annual%20Report.pdf |archive-date=2012-12-17 }}</ref>
U.S. local government members include cities, towns, and counties of all sizes, from [[New York City]] and [[Los Angeles County]] to [[Dubuque, Iowa]], [[Austin, Texas]], [[Oberlin, Ohio]] and [[Burlington, Vermont]].<ref name="CDP">{{cite web |title=Cities discloser - CDP |url=https://www.cdp.net/en/cities-discloser |website=CDP Worldwide |access-date=25 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Future of Climate Action: Innovative Ideas from ICLEI Members {{!}} ICLEI USA |url=https://icleiusa.org/the-future-of-climate-action-innovative-ideas-from-iclei-members/ |work=icleiusa.org |date=4 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Burlington: 100% renewable electricity city - CDP |url=https://www.cdp.net/en/articles/cities/burlington-100-renewable-electricity-city |access-date=25 July 2023 |work=CDP Worldwide |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=History of Climate Action Planning in Burlington {{!}} City of Burlington, Vermont |url=https://www.burlingtonvt.gov/Sustainability/History-of-Climate-Action-Planning-in-Burlington |website=www.burlingtonvt.gov |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>


== History and structure ==
== History and structure ==

Revision as of 16:33, 25 July 2023

ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability
Company typeInternational organization
IndustrySustainable Development at the local level
Founded1990, New York City, U.S.
HeadquartersKaiser-Friedrich-Str. 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany
Number of employees
approximately 400 (worldwide)
Websitewww.iclei.org

ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability (International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives or simply ICLEI) is an international non-governmental organization that promotes sustainable development. ICLEI provides technical consulting to local governments to meet sustainability objectives.[1]

Founded in 1990 and formerly known as the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives, the international association was established when more than 200 local governments from 43 countries convened at its inaugural conference, the World Congress of Local Governments for a Sustainable Future, at the United Nations in New York in September 1990.[2]

As of 2020, more than 1,750 cities, towns, counties, and their associations in 126 countries are a part of the ICLEI network.[3] ICLEI has more than 20 offices around the world.[4]

Membership

According to the organization's website, the ICLEI members "steer the direction of our work, shape our strategy and support the mission, mandate and principles set in our statutes. They are eligible to vote and take part in our network-wide governing bodies."[5] The only requirements for ICLEI membership are a self-defined commitment to climate protection and the payment of annual membership dues. Dues are determined through a fair share model, based on the type of organization and its population size and income level.[6]

Cities and municipalities are recognized as key stakeholders with a significant role to play in implementing climate change policies and reducing emissions, through energy, transportation, land use, construction, waste management and education.[7] In 2009, ICLEI included 1,227 local government members worldwide in 70 countries, with more than 600 in the United States.[8] As of 2020, ICLEI counts more than 1,750 local governments within its network.[9]

U.S. local government members include cities, towns, and counties of all sizes, from New York City and Los Angeles County to Dubuque, Iowa, Austin, Texas, Oberlin, Ohio and Burlington, Vermont.[10][11][12][13]

History and structure

ICLEI was founded in 1990, with its World Secretariat headquartered in Toronto, Canada.[14] The U.S. office opened formally in 1995. ICLEI USA's Executive Office is based in Washington, D.C., and the World Secretariat is now in Bonn, Germany.[15]

ICLEI was founded in 1990 as the "International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives". In 2003, ICLEI's local government members voted to revise the organization's mission, charter and name to better reflect the current challenges local governments face, and the broader topic of sustainability. The "International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives" thus became "ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability", with a broader mandate to address sustainability issues, not only environmental issues.[16][8]

For its 30th anniversary, ICLEI adopted a new logo (released officially in February 2021) which emphasizes the organization's connections in terms of its members, offices and elements (represented by the logo's colors: water, air and climate (blue), nature (green) and cities (yellow)).[17]

Programs

The organization promotes the following programs for local-level adoption and implementation as described on their website.

ICLEI also provides oversight for the Compact of Mayors, a global coalition of city leaders founded to address climate change at the local level,[18] as well as acting as the focal point for the Local Governments and Municipal Authorities (LGMA) Constituency, which has represented networks of local and regional governments at the UNFCCC process since 1995.[19]

Governance

Park Won-soon, President of ICLEI 2015–2018

ICLEI is a democratic organization led by the ICLEI Council and the Global Executive Committee (GexCom), two groups of local leaders elected by ICLEI Members every three years. The ICLEI Council is formed by the nine Regional Executive Committees (RexCom), elected by Members in each ICLEI region.

One representative from each RexCom is then elected as a regional representative to the ICLEI Global Executive Committee (GexCom), along with portfolio holders who are elected to the GexCom by the members of the ICLEI Council based on their thematic expertise. The ICLEI GexCom and Council have the power to represent ICLEI on the global stage and steer the organization by setting ICLEI global strategy and policies.[20]

The Council convenes every three years at an ICLEI World Congress and establishes ICLEI's priorities and direction through the adoption of a six-year Strategic Plan. The most recent ICLEI World Congress was held in Montreal from 19 to 22 June 2018. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the ICLEI World Congress will be held in two parts: the first one held virtually from 13 to 15 April 2021, while the second one will take place in Malmö, Sweden, in 2022. Members elect 21 representatives to serve on the Executive Committee, which oversees the implementation of the Strategic Plan and ICLEI operations.[20]

World Secretariat directors:[21]

  • Ashok Sridharan – ICLEI President and Mayor, Bonn, Germany
  • Gino Van Begin – ICLEI Secretary General, Bonn, Germany

Ecomobility

See also: Global Alliance for EcoMobility

Ecomobility means travelling through integrated, socially inclusive, and environmentally friendly transport options, including and integrating walking, cycling, public transport and other climate and people friendly innovative modes of transport. By enabling citizens and organizations to access goods, services, and information in a sustainable manner, ecomobility supports citizens' quality of life, increases travel choices, and promotes social cohesion.

ICLEI's agenda promoting ecomobility in cities is titled the EcoMobile City (sustainable transport) Agenda. Under this agenda, ICLEI executes the following 3 key projects:

  1. EcoMobility Alliance
  2. EcoMobility World Festival
  3. EcoMobility World Congress

The EcoMobility Alliance was created in October 2011 in Changwon, Korea. It is a transformation of the earlier Global Alliance for EcoMobility, which is a non-governmental organization founded and launched in Bali on 10 December 2007, on the occasion of the 2007 United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC-COP-13).[22][23] ICLEI legally represents and hosts the Secretariat of the Alliance.

Conspiracy theories

ICLEI has been a target of conspiracy theories related to its support for Agenda 21, a nonbinding United Nations initiative that seeks to promote responsible resource and land conservation.[24][25] Agenda 21 is used worldwide and considered favorably for city planning. The framework encourages local communities to develop concrete strategies to meet their needs, through public involvement, open decision-making, partnerships and networking.[26]

The Tea Party movement, the John Birch Society, and others have promoted a variant of the New World Order conspiracy theory, in which they claim that ICLEI and Agenda 21 are part of a secret UN conspiracy,[25] "something sinister and dark"[27], that seeks to undermine private property rights and individual liberties. They have opposed sustainability planning efforts at local city and regional government levels, claiming that local planning prevents "genuine citizen input".[27] They have introduced legislation to cancel membership in ICLEI[28] and to block smart city planning in many US states.[27] They have opposed measures such as the expansion of public transportation, creation of bike lanes and bike share programs, and the preservation of open green space in cities.[29][30][31][32] While the peak period of activity around the Agenda 21 conspiracy theory was in 2012-2013,[25] the COVID-19 pandemic was quickly incorporated into false narratives about Agenda 21, helping the conspiracy theory to regain visibility.[33][34]

ICLEI USA

The United States branch is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit membership organization of the international organization of the same name.[8]

References

  1. ^ "ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability .:. Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform". sustainabledevelopment.un.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-28. Retrieved 2014-04-22.
  2. ^ "LOWCAP > ICLEI". www.lowcap.eu. Archived from the original on 2017-09-03. Retrieved 2014-04-22.
  3. ^ "ICLEI - About". www.iclei.org. Archived from the original on 2018-07-06. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  4. ^ Powell, Martin (16 May 2022). The Climate City. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-119-74627-0.
  5. ^ "ICLEI". www.iclei.org. Retrieved 2023-07-25.
  6. ^ "What it means to be an ICLEI Member". ICLEI.
  7. ^ Zeppel, Heather (2013). "The ICLEI Cities for Climate Protection Programme: Local Government Networks in Urban Climate Governance". Climate Change and Global Policy Regimes: Towards Institutional Legitimacy. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 217–231. ISBN 978-1-137-00612-7.
  8. ^ a b c ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA Archived 2009-11-02 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Roberts, Kale (4 September 2020). "Three Decades of Sustainability: ICLEI at 30 Enters Next 'Decade of Local Action' | ICLEI USA". icleiusa.org.
  10. ^ "Cities discloser - CDP". CDP Worldwide. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  11. ^ "The Future of Climate Action: Innovative Ideas from ICLEI Members | ICLEI USA". icleiusa.org. 4 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Burlington: 100% renewable electricity city - CDP". CDP Worldwide. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  13. ^ "History of Climate Action Planning in Burlington | City of Burlington, Vermont". www.burlingtonvt.gov. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  14. ^ ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability : History Archived 2013-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ History — ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA Archived 2013-10-17 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ FAQs of ICLEI Archived 2013-06-03 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ "ICLEI". iclei.org. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  18. ^ "New alliance on city finance unveiled at UN Summit on climate change | Cities Today - Connecting the world's urban leaders". cities-today.com. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2016-01-04.
  19. ^ "About the LGMA – Cities & Regions Pavilion – LGMA". Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  20. ^ a b "Elections – Members". members.iclei.org. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  21. ^ "ICLEI". www.iclei.org. Retrieved 2021-03-02.
  22. ^ "Global Alliance for EcoMobility launched at UN Climate Conference". 2007-10-12. Archived from the original on 2012-07-30.
  23. ^ "Global Alliance for EcoMobility". unterm.un.org. Archived from the original on 22 April 2014. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  24. ^ Gulyas, Aaron John (8 February 2016). Conspiracy Theories: The Roots, Themes and Propagation of Paranoid Political and Cultural Narratives. McFarland. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-7864-9726-3.
  25. ^ a b c Phillips, Andrew; Reus-Smit, Christian (9 January 2020). Culture and Order in World Politics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-48497-8.
  26. ^ Diaz-Sarachaga, JM (30 September 2019). "Analysis of the Local Agenda 21 in Madrid Compared with Other Global Actions in Sustainable Development". International journal of environmental research and public health. 16 (19). doi:10.3390/ijerph16193685. PMID 31575013.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  27. ^ a b c Frick, Karen Trapenberg; Weinzimmer, David; Waddell, Paul (2015). "The politics of sustainable development opposition: State legislative efforts to stop the United Nation's Agenda 21 in the United States". Urban Studies. 52 (2): 209–232. ISSN 0042-0980.
  28. ^ Yi, Hongtao; Krause, Rachel M.; Feiock, Richard C. (2 January 2017). "Back-pedaling or continuing quietly? Assessing the impact of ICLEI membership termination on cities' sustainability actions". Environmental Politics. 26 (1): 138–160. doi:10.1080/09644016.2016.1244968. ISSN 0964-4016.
  29. ^ Kaufman, Leslie; Kate Zernike (February 4, 2012). "Activists Fight Green Projects, Seeing U.N. Plot". The New York Times.
  30. ^ Voorhees, Josh (5 May 2014). "Conspiracy, In Theory". Slate.
  31. ^ Cohen, Andrew (7 February 2012). "Is the UN Using Bike Paths to Achieve World Domination?". The Atlantic.
  32. ^ Harman, Greg (24 June 2015). "Agenda 21: a conspiracy theory puts sustainability in the crosshairs". The Guardian.
  33. ^ "COVID-19 conspiracy theories that spread fastest focused on evil, secrecy". Washington State University. January 25, 2023.
  34. ^ Schroeder, Jackson (18 January 2023). "Research analyzes spread of COVID-19's most common early conspiracies". Grady College.

External links

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