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'''Karl Friedrich von Savigny''' (19 September 1814 – 11 February 1875) was a [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] [[diplomat]], [[politician]], and a leading member of the [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]].
'''Karl Friedrich von Savigny''' (19 September 1814 – 11 February 1875) was a [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] [[diplomat]], [[politician]], and a leading member of the [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]].


== Life ==
== Early life ==
His father was the [[jurist]] [[Friedrich Carl von Savigny]], who was then privy councillor of the court of appeals, member of the Prussian council of State, and professor at the [[University of Berlin]], and his mother was Kunigunde Brentano, sister of the poet [[Clemens Brentano]]. The father was a Protestant, but the mother was a Catholic, and the children were allowed to follow the religion of the mother. Karl Friedrich was first taught at home, then attended the French Gymnasium at Berlin, the Collegium Romanum at Rome, and the Collegium Sebastianum at Naples. He studied law at Berlin, Munich, and Paris. In 1836 he became an auscultator at Berlin; in 1837 he was a referendar in the court at Aachen, in 1840 secretary of legation at London and Dresden, in 1842 at Lisbon, in 1848 at London. In 1849 he was councillor of legations and member of the ministry of foreign affairs, and in 1850 ambassador at Karlsruhe. While here he was able to win over the Government of Baden for the Prussian policy, and, as Bismarck testified, "by cautious and tactful bearing to win a commanding position at Karlsruhe for the Prussian government."
Savigny was born in Berlin on 19 September 1814. His father was the [[jurist]] [[Friedrich Carl von Savigny]], who was then privy councillor of the court of appeals, member of the Prussian council of State, and professor at the [[University of Berlin]], and his mother was Kunigunde Brentano, sister of the poet [[Clemens Brentano]]. His father was a Protestant, but his mother was a Catholic, and their children were raised Catholic.<ref name="CathEncy"/>


Karl Friedrich was first taught at home, then attended the [[Französisches Gymnasium Berlin|French Gymnasium at Berlin]], the [[Collegium Romanum]] at Rome, and the Collegium Sebastianum at Naples. He studied law at Berlin, Munich, and Paris.
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From 1859 Karl Friedrich was Prussian ambassador at [[Dresden]], from 1862 at [[Brussels]], and from 1864 he was minister with full powers at the Diet of the German Confederation at Frankfort. In 1866 he offered at the Diet the Prussian motion for the reform of the [[German Confederation]], and when it was rejected on 14 June, 1866, he declared the withdrawal of Prussia, upon which the Austro-Prussian war began. Later in connection with Bismarck he was plenipotentiary in making a treaty of peace with the states of southern Germany and Saxony. He was the presiding officer of the government conferences for the drafting of a constitution for the North German Confederation, and was a plenipotentiary at the Reichstag which decided the constitution. Thus he performed important services in national affairs. In 1868 he retired partially, and in 1871 entirely, from government positions in order to become one of the parliamentary leaders of the Catholics. From 1867 he was a member of the Lower House of the Prussian Diet, from 1868 a member of the Lower House of the Diet of the North German Confederation, and later of the German Reichstag, or Parliament of the German Empire. In 1871 he took part in the founding of the Centre Party. He was not particularly distinguished as a speaker, but his knowledge, distinguished personality, and connections were of much benefit to the Catholic cause. He believed that "laws are not made but found".


==References==
==Career==
In 1836 he became an auscultator at Berlin; in 1837 he was a referendar in the court at Aachen, in 1840 secretary of legation at London and Dresden, in 1842 at Lisbon, in 1848 at London. In 1849 he was Councillor of legations and member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in 1850 ambassador at [[Karlsruhe]] (the capital of the [[Grand Duchy of Baden]]). While there he was able to win over the Baden Government for the Prussian policy, and, as [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarck]] testified, "by cautious and tactful bearing to win a commanding position at Karlsruhe for the Prussian government."
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{{reflist}}


⚫
From 1859 Karl Friedrich was [[List of ambassadors of Prussia to Saxony|Prussian ambassador at Dresden]] (to the [[Kingdom of Saxony]]), from 1862 at [[Brussels]] (to [[Belgium]]), and from 1864 he was minister with full powers at the [[Federal Convention (German Confederation)|Diet of the German Confederation]] at [[Frankfurt]]. In 1866 he offered at the Diet the Prussian motion for the reform of the [[German Confederation]], and when it was rejected on 14 June 1866, he declared the withdrawal of Prussia, after which the [[Austro-Prussian War]] began. Later in connection with Bismarck he was plenipotentiary in making a treaty of peace with the states of southern Germany and Saxony. He was the presiding officer of the government conferences for the drafting of a constitution for the [[North German Confederation]], and was a plenipotentiary at the [[Reichstag (North German Confederation)|Reichstag]] which decided the constitution.
*{{CathEncy|wstitle=Karl Friedrich Savigny}}

He partially retired in 1868 before fully retiring from government positions in 1871 in order to become one of the parliamentary leaders of the Catholics. From 1867 he was a member of the [[Prussian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] of the [[Landtag of Prussia|Prussian Diet]], from 1868 a member of the [[Reichstag (North German Confederation)|Lower House]] of the Diet of the [[North German Confederation]], and later of the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|German Reichstag]], or Parliament of the [[German Empire]]. In 1871 he took part in the founding of the [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]]. He was not particularly distinguished as a speaker, but his knowledge, distinguished personality, and connections were of much benefit to the Catholic cause. He believed that "laws are not made but found".<ref name="CathEncy">{{CathEncy|wstitle=Karl Friedrich Savigny}}</ref>

==Personal life==
In [[Boitzenburg Castle|Boitzenburg]] in 1853 Savigny was married to Countess Freda Sophie Karoline ''Marie'' von Arnim-Boitzenburg,<ref name="Wiese2021">{{cite book |last1=Wiese |first1=René |last2=Jandausch |first2=Kathleen |title=Schwestern im Geiste: Briefwechsel zwischen Großherzogin Alexandrine von Mecklenburg-Schwerin und Königin Elisabeth von Preußen. Teil 1: 1824-1850 |date=9 August 2021 |publisher=Böhlau Köln |isbn=978-3-412-52225-4 |page=65 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Schwestern_im_Geiste/TL_kEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA65 |access-date=16 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref><ref name="Raasch2014">{{cite book |last1=Raasch |first1=Markus |title=Adeligkeit, Katholizismus, Mythos: Neue Perspektiven auf die Adelsgeschichte der Moderne |date=15 October 2014 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |isbn=978-3-11-036391-3 |page=113 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Adeligkeit_Katholizismus_Mythos/YenmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA113 |access-date=17 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref> a daughter of Count [[Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg]], the 1st [[Minister President of Prussia]] (under King [[Frederick William IV of Prussia|Frederick William IV]]) and Countess Anna Caroline von der [[Schulenburg]]. Among her siblings were Count [[Adolf von Arnim-Boitzenburg]], governor of [[Silesia]] who was president of the Reichstag in 1880.<ref name="Titz-Matuszak2016">{{cite book |last1=Titz-Matuszak |first1=Ingeborg |title=Bernhard August von Lindenau (1779-1854): Teil 2: Reden, Schriften, Briefe. Eine Auswahl |date=12 December 2016 |publisher=Springer-Verlag |isbn=978-3-476-03402-1 |pages=314, 373 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Bernhard_August_von_Lindenau_1779_1854/OQ21DQAAQBAJpg=PA373 |access-date=16 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref> Together, they were the parents of four sons and five daughters, including:
* [[Leo von Savigny]] (1863–1910), Professor of law in Marburg and Münster; he married Baroness Maria von Amelunxen.<ref name="Amelunxen1912">{{cite book |last1=Amelunxen |first1=Conrad Hubert Julius Maria von |title=Das corveyische adelsgeschlecht von Amelunxen |date=1912 |publisher=Kommissionsverlag der Regensbergschen verlagsbuchhandlung |page=25 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Das_corveyische_adelsgeschlecht_von_Amel/av0d5RLecGEC&pg=PA25 |access-date=17 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref>
* [[Karl von Savigny (politician)|Karl von Savigny]] (1855–1928), member of the [[Prussian House of Representatives]] and the Reichstag; he married his brother's widow, Baroness Maria von Amelunxen in 1912.<ref name="Savigny1999">{{cite book |last1=Savigny |first1=Gunda von |title=Hof Trages: Chronik der Familie von Savigny |date=1999 |publisher=CoCon-Verlag |isbn=978-3-928100-69-4 |page=98 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hof_Trages/UAn49swOj6sC |access-date=17 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref>
* Adolf von Savigny (1857–1920), Prussian court trainee.<ref name="Savigny1981">{{cite book |last1=Savigny |first1=Karl Friedrich von · |title=Karl Friedrich von Savigny, 1814-1875 |date=1981 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Karl_Friedrich_von_Savigny_1814_1875/dm0gAAAAMAAJ |access-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
* Elisabeth von Savigny (1856–1902), who married Baron [[Rudolf von Buol-Berenberg]].<ref name="Perthes1917">{{cite book |title=Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der freiherrlichen Häuser: zugleich Adelsmatrikel der im Ehrenschutzbunde des Deutschen Adels vereinigten Verbande |date=1917 |publisher=Julius Perthes |page=115 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Gothaisches_genealogisches_Taschenbuch_d/MFBPAQAAMAAJ |access-date=17 January 2024 |language=de}}</ref>
* Maria Freda von Savigny (1859–1890), [[Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo|Sister of Mercy of St. Borromeo]] in [[Osnabrück]].<ref name="Savigny1981"/>
* Friedrich von Savigny (1861–1891)<ref name="Savigny1981"/>
* Helene von Savigny (1864–1908), nun of the {{Ill|Sacré Coeur Graz|de}}, superior in [[Graz]].<ref name="Savigny1981"/>
* Hedwig von Savigny (1867–1898), nun of the Sacré Coeur Graz.<ref name="Savigny1981"/>
* Josepha von Savigny (1874–1945), who married Baron Adolf von Schönberg.<ref name="Savigny1981"/>

Savigny died in Frankfurt on 11 February 1875.<ref name="CathEncy"/>

==References==
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{{reflist|30em}}


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[[Category:Members of the Reichstag of the German Empire]]
[[Category:Members of the Reichstag of the German Empire]]
[[Category:19th-century diplomats]]
[[Category:19th-century diplomats]]

{{Germany-politician-stub}}

Revision as of 17:09, 17 January 2024

Karl Friedrich von Savigny (19 September 1814 – 11 February 1875) was a Prussian diplomat, politician, and a leading member of the Centre Party.

Early life

Savigny was born in Berlin on 19 September 1814. His father was the jurist Friedrich Carl von Savigny, who was then privy councillor of the court of appeals, member of the Prussian council of State, and professor at the University of Berlin, and his mother was Kunigunde Brentano, sister of the poet Clemens Brentano. His father was a Protestant, but his mother was a Catholic, and their children were raised Catholic.[1]

Karl Friedrich was first taught at home, then attended the French Gymnasium at Berlin, the Collegium Romanum at Rome, and the Collegium Sebastianum at Naples. He studied law at Berlin, Munich, and Paris.

Career

In 1836 he became an auscultator at Berlin; in 1837 he was a referendar in the court at Aachen, in 1840 secretary of legation at London and Dresden, in 1842 at Lisbon, in 1848 at London. In 1849 he was Councillor of legations and member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in 1850 ambassador at Karlsruhe (the capital of the Grand Duchy of Baden). While there he was able to win over the Baden Government for the Prussian policy, and, as Bismarck testified, "by cautious and tactful bearing to win a commanding position at Karlsruhe for the Prussian government."

From 1859 Karl Friedrich was Prussian ambassador at Dresden (to the Kingdom of Saxony), from 1862 at Brussels (to Belgium), and from 1864 he was minister with full powers at the Diet of the German Confederation at Frankfurt. In 1866 he offered at the Diet the Prussian motion for the reform of the German Confederation, and when it was rejected on 14 June 1866, he declared the withdrawal of Prussia, after which the Austro-Prussian War began. Later in connection with Bismarck he was plenipotentiary in making a treaty of peace with the states of southern Germany and Saxony. He was the presiding officer of the government conferences for the drafting of a constitution for the North German Confederation, and was a plenipotentiary at the Reichstag which decided the constitution.

He partially retired in 1868 before fully retiring from government positions in 1871 in order to become one of the parliamentary leaders of the Catholics. From 1867 he was a member of the House of Representatives of the Prussian Diet, from 1868 a member of the Lower House of the Diet of the North German Confederation, and later of the German Reichstag, or Parliament of the German Empire. In 1871 he took part in the founding of the Centre Party. He was not particularly distinguished as a speaker, but his knowledge, distinguished personality, and connections were of much benefit to the Catholic cause. He believed that "laws are not made but found".[1]

Personal life

In Boitzenburg in 1853 Savigny was married to Countess Freda Sophie Karoline Marie von Arnim-Boitzenburg,[2][3] a daughter of Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg, the 1st Minister President of Prussia (under King Frederick William IV) and Countess Anna Caroline von der Schulenburg. Among her siblings were Count Adolf von Arnim-Boitzenburg, governor of Silesia who was president of the Reichstag in 1880.[4] Together, they were the parents of four sons and five daughters, including:

Savigny died in Frankfurt on 11 February 1875.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Karl Friedrich Savigny" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  2. ^ Wiese, René; Jandausch, Kathleen (9 August 2021). Schwestern im Geiste: Briefwechsel zwischen Großherzogin Alexandrine von Mecklenburg-Schwerin und Königin Elisabeth von Preußen. Teil 1: 1824-1850 (in German). Böhlau Köln. p. 65. ISBN 978-3-412-52225-4. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  3. ^ Raasch, Markus (15 October 2014). Adeligkeit, Katholizismus, Mythos: Neue Perspektiven auf die Adelsgeschichte der Moderne (in German). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 113. ISBN 978-3-11-036391-3. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  4. ^ Titz-Matuszak, Ingeborg (12 December 2016). Bernhard August von Lindenau (1779-1854): Teil 2: Reden, Schriften, Briefe. Eine Auswahl (in German). Springer-Verlag. pp. 314, 373. ISBN 978-3-476-03402-1. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  5. ^ Amelunxen, Conrad Hubert Julius Maria von (1912). Das corveyische adelsgeschlecht von Amelunxen (in German). Kommissionsverlag der Regensbergschen verlagsbuchhandlung. p. 25. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  6. ^ Savigny, Gunda von (1999). Hof Trages: Chronik der Familie von Savigny (in German). CoCon-Verlag. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-928100-69-4. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Savigny, Karl Friedrich von · (1981). Karl Friedrich von Savigny, 1814-1875. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
  8. ^ Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der freiherrlichen Häuser: zugleich Adelsmatrikel der im Ehrenschutzbunde des Deutschen Adels vereinigten Verbande (in German). Julius Perthes. 1917. p. 115. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
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