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The [[molecular engineering]] of such live [[Bioreporter|bioreporters]] usually involves a fusion of a sensing element (often a gene [[Promoter (genetics)|promoter]] induced in the presence of the target compounds) to [[reporter gene]](s), the expression of which can be monitored quantitatively. This approach, applied by the Belkin group towards the development of different types of sensors for environmental applications, has also diverged into related aspects such the integration of live sensor cells into miniaturized hardware platforms, polymer cellular encapsulation for field dispersal, and the development of algorithms for deciphering cell array signals.
The [[molecular engineering]] of such live [[Bioreporter|bioreporters]] usually involves a fusion of a sensing element (often a gene [[Promoter (genetics)|promoter]] induced in the presence of the target compounds) to [[reporter gene]](s), the expression of which can be monitored quantitatively. This approach, applied by the Belkin group towards the development of different types of sensors for environmental applications, has also diverged into related aspects such the integration of live sensor cells into miniaturized hardware platforms, polymer cellular encapsulation for field dispersal, and the development of algorithms for deciphering cell array signals.


One of the main topics currently occupying the Belkin team is the development of an innovative system for the remote detection of buried [[Land mine|landmines]] and other [[explosive device]]<nowiki/>s <sup>[9]-[15]</sup>.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Yagur-Kroll |first=Sharon |last2=Amiel |first2=Eden |last3=Rosen |first3=Rachel |last4=Belkin |first4=Shimshon |date=2015-09-01 |title=Detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by an Escherichia coli bioreporter: performance enhancement by directed evolution |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6607-0 |journal=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology |language=en |volume=99 |issue=17 |pages=7177–7188 |doi=10.1007/s00253-015-6607-0 |issn=1432-0614}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shemer |first=Benjamin |last2=Palevsky |first2=Noa |last3=Yagur-Kroll |first3=Sharon |last4=Belkin |first4=Shimshon |date=2015 |title=Genetically engineered microorganisms for the detection of explosives’ residues |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01175 |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |volume=6 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2015.01175 |issn=1664-302X |pmc=PMC4625088 |pmid=26579085}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Belkin |first=Shimshon |last2=Yagur-Kroll |first2=Sharon |last3=Kabessa |first3=Yossef |last4=Korouma |first4=Victor |last5=Septon |first5=Tali |last6=Anati |first6=Yonatan |last7=Zohar-Perez |first7=Cheinat |last8=Rabinovitz |first8=Zahi |last9=Nussinovitch |first9=Amos |last10=Agranat |first10=Aharon J. |date=2017-04 |title=Remote detection of buried landmines using a bacterial sensor |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.3791 |journal=Nature Biotechnology |language=en |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=308–310 |doi=10.1038/nbt.3791 |issn=1546-1696}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shemer |first=Benjamin |last2=Shpigel |first2=Etai |last3=Glozman |first3=Anat |last4=Yagur-Kroll |first4=Sharon |last5=Kabessa |first5=Yosssef |last6=Agranat |first6=Aharon J. |last7=Belkin |first7=Shimshon |date=2020-11-25 |title=Genome-wide gene-deletion screening identifies mutations that significantly enhance explosives vapor detection by a microbial sensor |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1871678420301369 |journal=New Biotechnology |volume=59 |pages=65–73 |doi=10.1016/j.nbt.2020.06.002 |issn=1871-6784}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shemer |first=Benjamin |last2=Shpigel |first2=Etai |last3=Hazan |first3=Carina |last4=Kabessa |first4=Yossef |last5=Agranat |first5=Aharon J. |last6=Belkin |first6=Shimshon |date=2021-01 |title=Detection of buried explosives with immobilized bacterial bioreporters |url=https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1751-7915.13683 |journal=Microbial Biotechnology |language=en |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=251–261 |doi=10.1111/1751-7915.13683 |issn=1751-7915 |pmc=PMC7888469 |pmid=33095504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Shpigel |first=Etai |last2=Shemer |first2=Benjamin |last3=Elad |first3=Tal |last4=Glozman |first4=Anat |last5=Belkin |first5=Shimshon |date=2021-05-01 |title=Bacterial bioreporters for the detection of trace explosives: performance enhancement by DNA shuffling and random mutagenesis |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11290-2 |journal=Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology |language=en |volume=105 |issue=10 |pages=4329–4337 |doi=10.1007/s00253-021-11290-2 |issn=1432-0614}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agranat |first=Aharon J. |last2=Kabessa |first2=Yossef |last3=Shemer |first3=Benjamin |last4=Shpigel |first4=Etai |last5=Schwartsglass |first5=Offer |last6=Atamneh |first6=Loay |last7=Uziel |first7=Yonatan |last8=Ejzenberg |first8=Meir |last9=Mizrachi |first9=Yosef |last10=Garcia |first10=Yehudit |last11=Perepelitsa |first11=Galina |last12=Belkin |first12=Shimshon |date=2021-08-01 |title=An autonomous bioluminescent bacterial biosensor module for outdoor sensor networks, and its application for the detection of buried explosives |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566321002906 |journal=Biosensors and Bioelectronics |volume=185 |pages=113253 |doi=10.1016/j.bios.2021.113253 |issn=0956-5663}}</ref> Landmines are not completely sealed, and traces of explosives escape out of the mine’s casing and accumulate in the soil above it; bacterial sensor strains have been developed in the Belkin lab that sensitively respond to the presence of these traces by the generation of an optical signal, either [[fluorescence]] or [[bioluminescence]]. These signals can be imaged remotely; thus alleviating the highly risky need for the presence of personnel on the minefield.
One of the main topics currently occupying the Belkin team is the development of an innovative system for the remote detection of buried landmines and other explosive devices <sup>[9]-[15]</sup>. Landmines are not completely sealed, and traces of explosives escape out of the mine’s casing and accumulate in the soil above it; bacterial sensor strains have been developed in the Belkin lab that sensitively respond to the presence of these traces by the generation of an optical signal, either fluorescence or bioluminescence. These signals can be imaged remotely; thus alleviating the highly risky need for the presence of personnel on the minefield.

Revision as of 15:15, 21 January 2024

Shimshon Belkin (born July 17, 1951, Tel Aviv, Israel) is an environmental microbiologist, a Professor Emeritus at the Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences at the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.

Biography

Following an undergraduate degree in Biology and a PhD in oceanography (1983, Prof. Etana Padan, supervisor), both at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Belkin was a postdoctoral fellow with Prof. Holger Jannasch[1] at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Woods Hole, MA; 1983-1984) and with Prof. Lester Packer[2] at the University of California, Berkely (1984-1986). From 1986 to 1996 he was a faculty member at the J. Blaustein Institute for Desert Research of the Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. In 1993-95 he was a visiting scientist at Robert A. LaRossa’s group at Dupont Central Research and Development (Wilmington, Delaware).[3] He returned to the Hebrew University in 1996, first as an associate professor at the School of Applied Science (1996-2004) and later as a full professor at the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences (2004-2021). He is now a Prof. Emeritus of Environmental Microbiology at the latter institute. Since 2011 he is the incumbent of the Ministry of Labor & Social Welfare Chair in Industrial Hygiene.

Selected Hebrew University positions

  • Head of the Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Applied Science (2000-2003);
  • Director, Environmental Sciences program at the Faculty of Natural Sciences (2000-2003),
  • Director, Technology Management program[4] (2000-2006; Joint program of the Faculty of Natural Sciences and the Hebrew University Business School);
  • Head, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (2013-2015);
  • Chair, the Inter-Faculty Biotechnology Program (2008-2014).[5]

Selected ex-university activities

  • Member of the committee for determination of Israeli water quality regulations (the “Adin Committee[6]”, 2004-2007; chair, microbiology standards subcommittee);
  • Chair, the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Environmental Protection joint committees for the determination of recreational water quality criteria (2006, 2012);
  • Member, Advisory Committee on Water Quality to the Minister of Health (2014-2022; Chair, microbiology sub-committee);
  • President of the Israeli Society for Ecology and Environmental Sciences[7] (1998-2000).

Research

Prof. Belkin’s research, from his student days to his current position, covers a broad range of topics, practically all of them at the interface between a study of microbiology and diverse environmental aspects. Since 1995, one of the main foci in his lab is the application of synthetic biology principles in the design, construction and testing of genetically engineered microorganisms as biosensors.[8][9][10][11][12][13]

The molecular engineering of such live bioreporters usually involves a fusion of a sensing element (often a gene promoter induced in the presence of the target compounds) to reporter gene(s), the expression of which can be monitored quantitatively. This approach, applied by the Belkin group towards the development of different types of sensors for environmental applications, has also diverged into related aspects such the integration of live sensor cells into miniaturized hardware platforms, polymer cellular encapsulation for field dispersal, and the development of algorithms for deciphering cell array signals.

One of the main topics currently occupying the Belkin team is the development of an innovative system for the remote detection of buried landmines and other explosive devices [9]-[15].[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Landmines are not completely sealed, and traces of explosives escape out of the mine’s casing and accumulate in the soil above it; bacterial sensor strains have been developed in the Belkin lab that sensitively respond to the presence of these traces by the generation of an optical signal, either fluorescence or bioluminescence. These signals can be imaged remotely; thus alleviating the highly risky need for the presence of personnel on the minefield.

  1. ^ "Prof. Holger Jannasch".
  2. ^ Cadenas, Enrique; Sies, Helmut (April 2023). "Lester Packer: On His Life and His Legacy". Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 38 (10–12): 768–774. doi:10.1089/ars.2022.0097. ISSN 1557-7716. PMID 36006367. S2CID 263503803.
  3. ^ [Robert A Larossa, Dupont Central Research and Development "Robert A Larossa, ResearchGate"]. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  4. ^ "Technology Management Program".
  5. ^ "Inter-Faculty Biotechnology Program (in Hebrew)".
  6. ^ "The Adin Committe (in Hebrew)".
  7. ^ "Israeli Society for Ecology and Environmental Sciences".
  8. ^ Belkin, Shimshon; Smulski, Dana R.; Dadon, Sara; Vollmer, Amy C.; Van Dyk, Tina K.; Larossa, Robert A. (1997-12-01). "A panel of stress-responsive luminous bacteria for the detection of selected classes of toxicants". Water Research. 31 (12): 3009–3016. Bibcode:1997WatRe..31.3009B. doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00169-3. ISSN 0043-1354.
  9. ^ Köhler, S.; Belkin, S.; Schmid, R. D. (2000-03-01). "Reporter gene bioassays in environmental analysis". Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 366 (6): 769–779. doi:10.1007/s002160051571. ISSN 1432-1130. PMID 11225788. S2CID 33365247.
  10. ^ Belkin, Shimshon (2003-06-01). "Microbial whole-cell sensing systems of environmental pollutants". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 6 (3): 206–212. doi:10.1016/S1369-5274(03)00059-6. ISSN 1369-5274. PMID 12831895.
  11. ^ van der Meer, Jan Roelof; Belkin, Shimshon (July 2010). "Where microbiology meets microengineering: design and applications of reporter bacteria". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 8 (7): 511–522. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2392. ISSN 1740-1534. PMID 20514043. S2CID 1585187.
  12. ^ Ben-Yoav, Hadar; Melamed, Sahar; Freeman, Amihay; Shacham-Diamand, Yosi; Belkin, Shimshon (December 2011). "Whole-cell biochips for bio-sensing: integration of live cells and inanimate surfaces". Critical Reviews in Biotechnology. 31 (4): 337–353. doi:10.3109/07388551.2010.532767. ISSN 0738-8551. PMID 21190513. S2CID 9038421.
  13. ^ Belkin, Shimshon; Wang, Baojun (January 2022). "Sense and sensibility: of synthetic biology and the redesign of bioreporter circuits". Microbial Biotechnology. 15 (1): 103–106. doi:10.1111/1751-7915.13955. ISSN 1751-7915. PMC 8719829. PMID 34689402.
  14. ^ Yagur-Kroll, Sharon; Amiel, Eden; Rosen, Rachel; Belkin, Shimshon (2015-09-01). "Detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by an Escherichia coli bioreporter: performance enhancement by directed evolution". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 99 (17): 7177–7188. doi:10.1007/s00253-015-6607-0. ISSN 1432-0614.
  15. ^ Shemer, Benjamin; Palevsky, Noa; Yagur-Kroll, Sharon; Belkin, Shimshon (2015). "Genetically engineered microorganisms for the detection of explosives' residues". Frontiers in Microbiology. 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01175. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 4625088. PMID 26579085.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  16. ^ Belkin, Shimshon; Yagur-Kroll, Sharon; Kabessa, Yossef; Korouma, Victor; Septon, Tali; Anati, Yonatan; Zohar-Perez, Cheinat; Rabinovitz, Zahi; Nussinovitch, Amos; Agranat, Aharon J. (2017-04). "Remote detection of buried landmines using a bacterial sensor". Nature Biotechnology. 35 (4): 308–310. doi:10.1038/nbt.3791. ISSN 1546-1696. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ^ Shemer, Benjamin; Shpigel, Etai; Glozman, Anat; Yagur-Kroll, Sharon; Kabessa, Yosssef; Agranat, Aharon J.; Belkin, Shimshon (2020-11-25). "Genome-wide gene-deletion screening identifies mutations that significantly enhance explosives vapor detection by a microbial sensor". New Biotechnology. 59: 65–73. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2020.06.002. ISSN 1871-6784.
  18. ^ Shemer, Benjamin; Shpigel, Etai; Hazan, Carina; Kabessa, Yossef; Agranat, Aharon J.; Belkin, Shimshon (2021-01). "Detection of buried explosives with immobilized bacterial bioreporters". Microbial Biotechnology. 14 (1): 251–261. doi:10.1111/1751-7915.13683. ISSN 1751-7915. PMC 7888469. PMID 33095504. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  19. ^ Shpigel, Etai; Shemer, Benjamin; Elad, Tal; Glozman, Anat; Belkin, Shimshon (2021-05-01). "Bacterial bioreporters for the detection of trace explosives: performance enhancement by DNA shuffling and random mutagenesis". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 105 (10): 4329–4337. doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11290-2. ISSN 1432-0614.
  20. ^ Agranat, Aharon J.; Kabessa, Yossef; Shemer, Benjamin; Shpigel, Etai; Schwartsglass, Offer; Atamneh, Loay; Uziel, Yonatan; Ejzenberg, Meir; Mizrachi, Yosef; Garcia, Yehudit; Perepelitsa, Galina; Belkin, Shimshon (2021-08-01). "An autonomous bioluminescent bacterial biosensor module for outdoor sensor networks, and its application for the detection of buried explosives". Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 185: 113253. doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113253. ISSN 0956-5663.
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