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'''''Kallokibotion''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of stem-turtle from the [[Upper Cretaceous]] ([[Maastrichtian]], 86–66 million years ago), known from fossils found in [[Romania]].<ref name=Dieter2019>{{cite book|author=Hans-Dieter Sues|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qGycDwAAQBAJ&dq=Kallokibotion&pg=PA54|title=The Rise of Reptiles. 320 Million Years of Evolution|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|date=August 6, 2019|page=54|isbn=9781421428680}}</ref> One species is known, '''''Kallokibotion bajazidi''''', which was named by [[Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás|Franz Nopcsa]] after his lover [[Bajazid Doda]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Transylvanian turtle, ''Kallokibotion'', a primitive cryptodire of Cretaceous Age|journal=American Museum Novitates |issue= 3040
'''''Kallokibotion''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of stem-turtle from the [[Upper Cretaceous]] ([[Maastrichtian]], 86–66 million years ago), known from fossils found in [[Romania]].<ref name=Dieter2019>{{cite book|author=Hans-Dieter Sues|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qGycDwAAQBAJ&dq=Kallokibotion&pg=PA54|title=The Rise of Reptiles. 320 Million Years of Evolution|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|date=August 6, 2019|page=54|isbn=9781421428680}}</ref> One species is known, '''''Kallokibotion bajazidi''''', which was named by [[Franz Nopcsa von Felső-Szilvás|Franz Nopcsa]] after his lover [[Bajazid Doda]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Transylvanian turtle, ''Kallokibotion'', a primitive cryptodire of Cretaceous Age|journal=American Museum Novitates |issue= 3040
|last1=Gaffney|first1= Eugene S.|last2=Meylan|first2=Peter A.|year=1992 |hdl = 2246/5005}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xdCPDgAAQBAJ&q=bajazid+doda&pg=PT65|title=Weird Dinosaurs: The Strange New Fossils Challenging Everything We Thought We Knew|last=Pickrell|first=John|date=2017-03-28|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231543392|language=en}}</ref> It literally means '''beautiful box of Bajazid''<nowiki/>'; Nopcsa chose the name because, in the words of British palaeontologist Gareth Dyke, "the shape of the shell reminded him of Bajazid's arse".<ref name=":0" /> A second undescribed species is known from the [[Santonian]] of [[Hungary]].<ref name="BotfalvaiŐsi2015">{{cite journal|last1=Botfalvai|first1=Gábor|last2=Ősi|first2=Attila|last3=Mindszenty|first3=Andrea|title=Taphonomic and paleoecologic investigations of the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Iharkút vertebrate assemblage (Bakony Mts, Northwestern Hungary)|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=417|year=2015|pages=379–405|issn=0031-0182|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.032|bibcode=2015PPP...417..379B|url=http://real.mtak.hu/29976/1/Taphonomic_and_palaeoecologic_Palaeo3_2015.pdf}}</ref>
|last1=Gaffney|first1= Eugene S.|last2=Meylan|first2=Peter A.|year=1992 |hdl = 2246/5005}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xdCPDgAAQBAJ&q=bajazid+doda&pg=PT65|title=Weird Dinosaurs: The Strange New Fossils Challenging Everything We Thought We Knew|last=Pickrell|first=John|date=2017-03-28|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231543392|language=en}}</ref> It literally means '''beautiful box of Bajazid''<nowiki/>'; Nopcsa chose the name because, in the words of British palaeontologist Gareth Dyke, "the shape of the shell reminded him of Bajazid's arse".<ref name=":0" /> A second undescribed species is known from the [[Santonian]] of [[Hungary]].<ref name="BotfalvaiŐsi2015">{{cite journal|last1=Botfalvai|first1=Gábor|last2=Ősi|first2=Attila|last3=Mindszenty|first3=Andrea|title=Taphonomic and paleoecologic investigations of the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Iharkút vertebrate assemblage (Bakony Mts, Northwestern Hungary)|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=417|year=2015|pages=379–405|issn=0031-0182|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.032|bibcode=2015PPP...417..379B|url=http://real.mtak.hu/29976/1/Taphonomic_and_palaeoecologic_Palaeo3_2015.pdf}}</ref> Turtles similar to ''Kallokibotion'' were reported from the [[Paleocene]] of [[France]]<ref name=Rabi2013>{{cite journal|author=Márton Rabi, Vremir Matyas, Haiyan Tong|year=2013|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258286474|title=Preliminary Overview of Late Cretaceous Turtle Diversity in Eastern Central Europe (Austria, Hungary, and Romania)|journal=Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology|page=307-336|doi=10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_19}}</ref> and the Lower Maastrichtian of [[Volgograd Oblast]], [[Russia]],<ref>{{cite journal|author=A. O. Averianov, A. A. Yarkov|year=2004|url=https://repository.geologyscience.ru/bitstream/handle/123456789/39408/Aver_04.pdf?sequence=1|title=Carnivorous dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) from the Maastrichtian of the Volga-Don Interfluve, Russia|journal=Paleontological Journal|volume=38|issue=1|page=78-82|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305115625/https://repository.geologyscience.ru/bitstream/handle/123456789/39408/Aver_04.pdf?sequence=1|archive-date=2024-03-05|url-status=live}}</ref> but these similarities were dismissed later.<ref name=Rabi2013/><ref>{{cite journal|author=Zoltán Csiki-Sava, Eric Buetaut, Attila Ősi, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Stephen L. Brusatte|year=2015|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270585440|title=Island life in the Cretaceous - Faunal composition, biogeography, evolution, and extinction of landliving vertebrates on the Late Cretaceous European archipelago|journal=ZooKeys|volume=469|issue=|page=1-161|doi=10.3897/zookeys.469.8439}}</ref>


== Description ==
== Description ==

Revision as of 12:11, 5 March 2024

Kallokibotion
Temporal range: Upper Cretaceous, 86–66 Ma
Fossil carapace, Deva Natural History Museum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Clade: Pantestudines
Clade: Testudinata
Clade: Perichelydia
Family: †Kallokibotiidae
Genus: †Kallokibotion
Nopsca, 1923
Species:
†K. bajazidi
Binomial name
†Kallokibotion bajazidi
Nopsca, 1923
Synonyms
  • Kallokibotium bajazidi Nopsca, 1923
  • Kallokibotium manificum Nopsca, 1923
  • Thalassodromeus sebesensis Grellet-Tinner & Codrea, 2014

Kallokibotion is an extinct genus of stem-turtle from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian, 86–66 million years ago), known from fossils found in Romania.[1] One species is known, Kallokibotion bajazidi, which was named by Franz Nopcsa after his lover Bajazid Doda.[2][3] It literally means 'beautiful box of Bajazid'; Nopcsa chose the name because, in the words of British palaeontologist Gareth Dyke, "the shape of the shell reminded him of Bajazid's arse".[3] A second undescribed species is known from the Santonian of Hungary.[4] Turtles similar to Kallokibotion were reported from the Paleocene of France[5] and the Lower Maastrichtian of Volgograd Oblast, Russia,[6] but these similarities were dismissed later.[5][7]

Description

Kallokibotion reached 50 cm (1 ft 8 in) in carapace length. There are jagged ornaments on its shell.[1]

Taxonomy

A fossil of this turtle was mistakenly described as a pterosaur of the genus Thalassodromeus in 2014.[8] In 1992, it was identified as a basal cryptodire, and as a meiolaniid in the early 2010's.[1] Later phylogenetic analysis based on characters described from new specimens places Kallokibotion as the sister taxon of the crown testudines.[9] A 2021 analysis placed Kallokibotion in Compsemydidae within Paracryptodira.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c Hans-Dieter Sues (August 6, 2019). The Rise of Reptiles. 320 Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 54. ISBN 9781421428680.
  2. ^ Gaffney, Eugene S.; Meylan, Peter A. (1992). "The Transylvanian turtle, Kallokibotion, a primitive cryptodire of Cretaceous Age". American Museum Novitates (3040). hdl:2246/5005.
  3. ^ a b Pickrell, John (2017-03-28). Weird Dinosaurs: The Strange New Fossils Challenging Everything We Thought We Knew. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231543392.
  4. ^ Botfalvai, Gábor; Ősi, Attila; Mindszenty, Andrea (2015). "Taphonomic and paleoecologic investigations of the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Iharkút vertebrate assemblage (Bakony Mts, Northwestern Hungary)" (PDF). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 417: 379–405. Bibcode:2015PPP...417..379B. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.032. ISSN 0031-0182.
  5. ^ a b Márton Rabi, Vremir Matyas, Haiyan Tong (2013). "Preliminary Overview of Late Cretaceous Turtle Diversity in Eastern Central Europe (Austria, Hungary, and Romania)". Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology: 307-336. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_19.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ A. O. Averianov, A. A. Yarkov (2004). "Carnivorous dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) from the Maastrichtian of the Volga-Don Interfluve, Russia" (PDF). Paleontological Journal. 38 (1): 78-82. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-03-05.
  7. ^ Zoltán Csiki-Sava, Eric Buetaut, Attila Ősi, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Stephen L. Brusatte (2015). "Island life in the Cretaceous - Faunal composition, biogeography, evolution, and extinction of landliving vertebrates on the Late Cretaceous European archipelago". ZooKeys. 469: 1-161. doi:10.3897/zookeys.469.8439.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Dyke, G. J.; Vremir, M.; Brusatte, S.; Bever, G.; Buffetaut, E.; Chapman, S.; Csiki-Sava, Z.; Kellner, A. W. A.; Martin, E.; Naish, D.; Norell, M; Ősi, A.; Pinheiro, F. L.; Prondvai, E.; Rabi, M.; Rodrigues, T.; Steel, L.; Tong, H.; Vila Nova, B. C.; Witton, M. (2014). "Thalassodromeus sebesensis—a new name for an old turtle. Comment on 'Thalassodromeus sebesensis, an out of place and out of time Gondwanan tapejarid pterosaur', Grellet-Tinner and Codrea" (PDF). Gondwana Research. 27 (4): 1680–1682. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.08.004.
  9. ^ Adán Pérez-García; Vlad Codrea (2018). "New insights on the anatomy and systematics of Kallokibotion Nopcsa, 1923, the enigmatic uppermost Cretaceous basal turtle (stem Testudines) from Transylvania". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (2): 419–443. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx037.
  10. ^ Rollot, Yann; Evers, Serjoscha W.; Joyce, Walter G. (December 2021). "A redescription of the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) turtle Uluops uluops and a new phylogenetic hypothesis of Paracryptodira". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 140 (1): 23. doi:10.1186/s13358-021-00234-y. ISSN 1664-2376. PMC 8550081.
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