Tracheomalacia: Difference between revisions
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'''Tracheomalacia''' is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the [[vertebrate trachea|trachea]]l support [[cartilage]] which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded. There are three types: |
'''Tracheomalacia''' is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the [[vertebrate trachea|trachea]]l support [[cartilage]] which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded. |
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==Classification== |
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There are three types: |
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*Type 1 — [[congenital]], sometimes associated with tracheo-esophageal [[fistula]] |
*Type 1 — [[congenital]], sometimes associated with tracheo-esophageal [[fistula]] |
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*Type 2 — extrinsic compression sometimes due to [[vascular ring]]s |
*Type 2 — extrinsic compression sometimes due to [[vascular ring]]s |
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*Type 3 — acquired due to [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] infection or prolonged [[intubation]] or inflammatory conditions like relapsing [[polychondritis]] |
*Type 3 — acquired due to [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] infection or prolonged [[intubation]] or inflammatory conditions like relapsing [[polychondritis]] |
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==Presentation== |
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The trachea normally dilates slightly during [[inspiration]] and narrows slightly during [[exhalation|expiration]]. These processes are exaggerated in tracheomalacia, leading to airway collapse on expiration. The usual symptom of tracheomalacia is expiratory stridor or laryngeal crow. |
The trachea normally dilates slightly during [[inspiration]] and narrows slightly during [[exhalation|expiration]]. These processes are exaggerated in tracheomalacia, leading to airway collapse on expiration. The usual symptom of tracheomalacia is expiratory [[stridor]] or laryngeal crow. |
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==Treatment== |
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Some cases require [[surgery]]. [[Tracheostomy]] and tracheal [[stent]]s have been used. |
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Some cases require [[surgery]].<ref name="pmid17356936">{{cite journal |author=van der Zee DC, Bax NM |title=Thoracoscopic tracheoaortopexia for the treatment of life-threatening events in tracheomalacia |journal=Surgical endoscopy |volume=21 |issue=11 |pages=2024–5 |year=2007 |pmid=17356936 |doi=10.1007/s00464-007-9250-8}}</ref> [[Tracheostomy]] and tracheal [[stent]]s have been used. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Tracheal collapse]] for the condition in [[dog]]s |
*[[Tracheal collapse]] for the condition in [[dog]]s |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Congenital malformations and deformations of respiratory system}} |
{{Congenital malformations and deformations of respiratory system}} |
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[[Category:Respiratory system]] |
[[Category:Respiratory system]] |
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Revision as of 14:47, 12 November 2007
| Tracheomalacia | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Pulmonology  |
Tracheomalacia is a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded.
Classification
There are three types:
- Type 1 — congenital, sometimes associated with tracheo-esophageal fistula
- Type 2 — extrinsic compression sometimes due to vascular rings
- Type 3 — acquired due to chronic infection or prolonged intubation or inflammatory conditions like relapsing polychondritis
Presentation
The trachea normally dilates slightly during inspiration and narrows slightly during expiration. These processes are exaggerated in tracheomalacia, leading to airway collapse on expiration. The usual symptom of tracheomalacia is expiratory stridor or laryngeal crow.
Treatment
Some cases require surgery.[1] Tracheostomy and tracheal stents have been used.
See also
- Tracheal collapse for the condition in dogs
References
- ^ van der Zee DC, Bax NM (2007). "Thoracoscopic tracheoaortopexia for the treatment of life-threatening events in tracheomalacia". Surgical endoscopy. 21 (11): 2024–5. doi:10.1007/s00464-007-9250-8. PMID 17356936.