Pinolenic acid: Difference between revisions
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Pinolenic acid causes the triggering of two hunger suppressants—[[cholecystokinin]] and [[glucagon-like peptide-1]] (GLP-1). |
Pinolenic acid causes the triggering of two hunger suppressants—[[cholecystokinin]] and [[glucagon-like peptide-1]] (GLP-1). |
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Pinolenic acid may have [[LDL]]-lowering properties by enhancing hepatic [[LDL]] uptake.<ref >{{cite journal |
Pinolenic acid may have [[LDL]]-lowering properties by enhancing hepatic [[LDL]] uptake.<ref >{{cite journal |
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|journal= Lipids|year=2004 |month=Apr|volume=39|issue=4|pages= |
|journal= Lipids|year=2004 |month=Apr|volume=39|issue=4|pages=383–7 |
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|title= Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity. |
|title= Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity. |
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|author= Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. |
|author= Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. |
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|accessdate=2007-10-24 |
|accessdate=2007-10-24 |
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|doi= 10.1007/s11745-004-1242-2}}</ref> |
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It is sometimes used as a pesticide.<ref >{{cite web |
It is sometimes used as a pesticide.<ref >{{cite web |
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|url=http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36218 |
|url=http://www.pesticideinfo.org/Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36218 |
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Revision as of 20:02, 31 May 2008
Pinolenic acid (often misspelled as Pinoleic acid) is a fatty acid contained in the Korean Pine nut and the seeds of other conifers (Taxaceae). The highest percentage of pinolenic acid is found in Siberian pine nuts and the oil produced by them.
Chemistry and biochemistry
Pinolenic acid is formally designated as all-cis-5,9,12-18:3.[1] [2] Some sources also use the term columbinic acid for this substance.[2] But columbinic acid sometimes designates an E-Z isomer (trans,cis,cis delta-5,9,12/18:3) in the biologic literature.[3]
Pinolenic acid is an isomer of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). GLA is an ω-6 essential fatty acid (EFA) but pinolenic acid is not. However, like the EFAs, it forms biologically active metabolites in the presence of cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenase. These metabolites can partially relieve some of the symptoms of EFA deficiency.[4]
Physiology
Recent research has shown its potential use in weight loss by curbing the appetite.[5] Pinolenic acid causes the triggering of two hunger suppressants—cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Pinolenic acid may have LDL-lowering properties by enhancing hepatic LDL uptake.[6] It is sometimes used as a pesticide.[7]
References
- ^ Cyberlipid Center. "POLYENOIC FATTY ACIDS". Retrieved 2007-10-24.
- ^ a b PubChem. "PubChem - CID 5312493". Retrieved 2007-10-25.
- ^ Tanaka T, Hattori T, Kouchi M, Hirano K, Satouchi K (1998). "Methylene-interrupted double bond in polyunsaturated fatty acid is an essential structure for metabolism by the fatty acid chain elongation system of rat liver". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1393 (2–3): 299–306. PMID 9748638.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Elliott WJ, Sprecher H, Needleman P (1985). "Physiologic effects of columbinic acid and its metabolites on rat skin". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 835 (1): 158–60. PMID 3924106.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Korean pine nut may offer help for obesity". Retrieved 2006-09-08.
- ^ Lee JW, Lee KW, Lee SW, Kim IH, Rhee C. (2004). "Selective increase in pinolenic acid (all-cis-5,9,12-18:3) in Korean pine nut oil by crystallization and its effect on LDL-receptor activity". Lipids. 39 (4): 383–7. doi:10.1007/s11745-004-1242-2.
{{cite journal}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help); Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ PAN Pesticides Database. "Pinoleic acid - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information". Retrieved 2007-10-24.