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{{Rfam_box|acc=RF00102|description=VA RNA|abbreviation=VA|type=Gene;|avg_length=158.9|avg_identity=70|ss=Published; {{PMID|8809020}}, Moxon SJ|se=Bateman A, Moxon SJ|type=Gene;}}
{{Rfam_box|acc=RF00102|description=VA RNA|abbreviation=VA|type=Gene;|avg_length=158.9|avg_identity=70|ss=Published; {{PMID|8809020}}, Moxon SJ|se=Bateman A, Moxon SJ|type=Gene;}}


The '''VA (viral associated) RNA''' is a [[non-coding RNA]] found in [[adenovirus]].<ref>{{cite journal | last = Mathews | first = MB | year = 1995 | title = Structure, function, and evolution of adenovirus virus-associated RNAs | journal = Curr Top Microbiol Immunol | volume = 199 | pages = 173&ndash;187 | id = PMID 7555067}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Kidd | first = AH | coauthors = Garwicz D, Oberg M | year = 1995 | title = Human and simian adenoviruses: phylogenetic inferences from analysis of VA RNA genes | journal = Virology | volume = 207 | pages = 32&ndash;45 | id = PMID 95176559}}</ref> It plays a role in regulating [[translation]]. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Thimmappaya | first = B | coauthors = Weinberger C, Schneider RJ, Shenk T | year = 1982 | title = Adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection | journal = Cell | volume = 31 | pages = 543&ndash;551 | id = PMID 6297772}}</ref> There are two copies of this RNA called VAI or VA RNAI and VAII or VA RNAII.
The '''VA (viral associated) RNA''' is a [[non-coding RNA]] found in [[adenovirus]].<ref>{{cite journal | last = Mathews | first = MB | year = 1995 | title = Structure, function, and evolution of adenovirus virus-associated RNAs | journal = Curr Top Microbiol Immunol | volume = 199 | pages = 173&ndash;187 | pmid = 7555067}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Kidd | first = AH | coauthors = Garwicz D, Oberg M | year = 1995 | title = Human and simian adenoviruses: phylogenetic inferences from analysis of VA RNA genes | journal = Virology | volume = 207 | pages = 32&ndash;45 | pmid = 95176559 | doi = 10.1006/viro.1995.1049}}</ref> It plays a role in regulating [[translation]]. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Thimmappaya | first = B | coauthors = Weinberger C, Schneider RJ, Shenk T | year = 1982 | title = Adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection | journal = Cell | volume = 31 | pages = 543&ndash;551 | pmid = 6297772 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90310-5}}</ref> There are two copies of this RNA called VAI or VA RNAI and VAII or VA RNAII.


==Function==
==Function==
VAI stimulates the translation of both early and late viral genes including E3 and hexon. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Svensson | first = C | coauthors = Akusjarvi G | year = 1984 | title = Adenovirus VA RNAI: a positive regulator of mRNA translation | journal = Mol Cell Biol | volume = 4 | pages = 736&ndash;742 | id = PMID 6201722}}</ref> VAII does not stimulate translation. VAI increases the stability of additionally ribosome bound RNAs using a transient transfection assay. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Strijker | first = R | coauthors = Fritz DT, Levinson AD | year = 1989 | title = Adenovirus VAI-RNA regulates gene expression by controlling stability of ribosome-bound RNAs | journal = EMBO J | volume = 8 | pages = 2669&ndash;2675 | id = PMID 2583126}}</ref>
VAI stimulates the translation of both early and late viral genes including E3 and hexon. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Svensson | first = C | coauthors = Akusjarvi G | year = 1984 | title = Adenovirus VA RNAI: a positive regulator of mRNA translation | journal = Mol Cell Biol | volume = 4 | pages = 736&ndash;742 | pmid = 6201722}}</ref> VAII does not stimulate translation. VAI increases the stability of additionally ribosome bound RNAs using a transient transfection assay. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Strijker | first = R | coauthors = Fritz DT, Levinson AD | year = 1989 | title = Adenovirus VAI-RNA regulates gene expression by controlling stability of ribosome-bound RNAs | journal = EMBO J | volume = 8 | pages = 2669&ndash;2675 | pmid = 2583126}}</ref>


VAI RNA is processed in the cell to create 22 nucleotide long RNAs that can act as [[siRNA]] or [[miRNA]]. <ref name="pmid16472808">{{cite journal | author = Sano M, Kato Y, Taira K | title = Sequence-specific interference by small RNAs derived from adenovirus VAI RNA | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 580 | issue = 6 | pages = 1553-64 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16472808 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.085 | issn = }}</ref> VAI RNA functions as a decoy RNA for the double stranded RNA activated [[protein kinase R]] which would otherwise phosphorylate [[eIF-2|eukaryotic initiation factor 2]].
VAI RNA is processed in the cell to create 22 nucleotide long RNAs that can act as [[siRNA]] or [[miRNA]]. <ref name="pmid16472808">{{cite journal | author = Sano M, Kato Y, Taira K | title = Sequence-specific interference by small RNAs derived from adenovirus VAI RNA | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 580 | issue = 6 | pages = 1553–64 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16472808 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.085 | issn = }}</ref> VAI RNA functions as a decoy RNA for the double stranded RNA activated [[protein kinase R]] which would otherwise phosphorylate [[eIF-2|eukaryotic initiation factor 2]].


==Structure==
==Structure==
VA RNA is composed of two [[stem-loop]]s separated by a central region essential for function. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Ma | first = Y | coauthors = Mathews MB | year = 1996 | title = Secondary and tertiary structure in the central domain of adenovirus type 2 VA RNA I | journal = RNA | volume = 2 | pages = 937&ndash;951 | id = PMID 8809020}}</ref>
VA RNA is composed of two [[stem-loop]]s separated by a central region essential for function. <ref>{{cite journal | last = Ma | first = Y | coauthors = Mathews MB | year = 1996 | title = Secondary and tertiary structure in the central domain of adenovirus type 2 VA RNA I | journal = RNA | volume = 2 | pages = 937&ndash;951 | pmid = 8809020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:13, 8 June 2008

VA RNA
Identifiers
Other data
PDB structuresPDBe

The VA (viral associated) RNA is a non-coding RNA found in adenovirus.[1][2] It plays a role in regulating translation. [3] There are two copies of this RNA called VAI or VA RNAI and VAII or VA RNAII.

Function

VAI stimulates the translation of both early and late viral genes including E3 and hexon. [4] VAII does not stimulate translation. VAI increases the stability of additionally ribosome bound RNAs using a transient transfection assay. [5]

VAI RNA is processed in the cell to create 22 nucleotide long RNAs that can act as siRNA or miRNA. [6] VAI RNA functions as a decoy RNA for the double stranded RNA activated protein kinase R which would otherwise phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor 2.

Structure

VA RNA is composed of two stem-loops separated by a central region essential for function. [7]

References

  1. ^ Mathews, MB (1995). "Structure, function, and evolution of adenovirus virus-associated RNAs". Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 199: 173–187. PMID 7555067.
  2. ^ Kidd, AH (1995). "Human and simian adenoviruses: phylogenetic inferences from analysis of VA RNA genes". Virology. 207: 32–45. doi:10.1006/viro.1995.1049. PMID 95176559. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmid= value (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Thimmappaya, B (1982). "Adenovirus VAI RNA is required for efficient translation of viral mRNAs at late times after infection". Cell. 31: 543–551. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90310-5. PMID 6297772. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ Svensson, C (1984). "Adenovirus VA RNAI: a positive regulator of mRNA translation". Mol Cell Biol. 4: 736–742. PMID 6201722. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ Strijker, R (1989). "Adenovirus VAI-RNA regulates gene expression by controlling stability of ribosome-bound RNAs". EMBO J. 8: 2669–2675. PMID 2583126. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Sano M, Kato Y, Taira K (2006). "Sequence-specific interference by small RNAs derived from adenovirus VAI RNA". FEBS Lett. 580 (6): 1553–64. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.085. PMID 16472808.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Ma, Y (1996). "Secondary and tertiary structure in the central domain of adenovirus type 2 VA RNA I". RNA. 2: 937–951. PMID 8809020. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

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