Embryo culture: Difference between revisions
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==Techniques== |
==Techniques== |
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Culture of embryos can either be performed in an artificial culture medium or in an [[autologous endometrial coculture]] (on top of a layer of cells from the woman's own uterine lining). With artificial culture medium, there can either be the same culture medium throughout the period, or a ''sequential system'' can be used, in which the embryo is sequentially placed in different media. For example, when culturing to the blastocyst stage, one medium may be used for culture to day 3, and a second medium is used for culture thereafter.<ref>[http://www.lifeglobal.com/sub/References/NashvilleIFFS.pdf Comparison Of A Single Medium With Sequential Media For Development Of Human Embryos To The Blastocyst Stage] Melanie R. Freeman and Don Rieger. Nashville Fertility Center, Nashville, TN, U.S.A. and LifeGlobal, Guelph, ON, Canada</ref> Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage.<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.1564 Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage: a pilot study] D.T. Schneidera, S. Verza Jr.a and S.C. Estevesa. Fertility and Sterility, Volume 92, Issue 3, Supplement 1, September 2009, Pages S231-S232</ref> Artificial embryo culture media basically contain glucose, pyruvate, and energy-providing components, but the addition of amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, and cholesterol improve the performance of embryonic growth and development.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Xella S |title=Embryo quality and implantation rate in two different culture media: ISM1 versus Universal IVF Medium |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=93 |issue=6 |pages=1859–63 |year=2010 |month=April |pmid=19152877 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.030 |url=|author-separator=,|author2=Marsella T|author3=Tagliasacchi D|display-authors=3|last4=Giulini|first4=Simone|last5=La Marca|first5=Antonio|last6=Tirelli|first6=Alessandra|last7=Volpe|first7=Annibale}}</ref> Methods to permit dynamic embryo culture with fluid flow and embryo movement are also available.<ref>{{cite doi|10.1093/humupd/dmr006 }}</ref> A new method in development uses the uterus as an incubator and the naturally occurring intrauterine fluids as culture medium by encapsulating the embryos in permeable intrauterine vessel.<ref>{{cite doi|10.1093/humrep/dep005 }}</ref> |
Culture of embryos can either be performed in an artificial culture medium or in an [[autologous endometrial coculture]] (on top of a layer of cells from the woman's own uterine lining). With artificial culture medium, there can either be the same culture medium throughout the period, or a ''sequential system'' can be used, in which the embryo is sequentially placed in different media. For example, when culturing to the blastocyst stage, one medium may be used for culture to day 3, and a second medium is used for culture thereafter.<ref>[http://www.lifeglobal.com/sub/References/NashvilleIFFS.pdf Comparison Of A Single Medium With Sequential Media For Development Of Human Embryos To The Blastocyst Stage] Melanie R. Freeman and Don Rieger. Nashville Fertility Center, Nashville, TN, U.S.A. and LifeGlobal, Guelph, ON, Canada</ref> Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage.<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.1564 Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage: a pilot study] D.T. Schneidera, S. Verza Jr.a and S.C. Estevesa. Fertility and Sterility, Volume 92, Issue 3, Supplement 1, September 2009, Pages S231-S232</ref> Artificial embryo culture media basically contain glucose, pyruvate, and energy-providing components, but the addition of amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, and cholesterol improve the performance of embryonic growth and development.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Xella S |title=Embryo quality and implantation rate in two different culture media: ISM1 versus Universal IVF Medium |journal=Fertil. Steril. |volume=93 |issue=6 |pages=1859–63 |year=2010 |month=April |pmid=19152877 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.030 |url=|author-separator=,|author2=Marsella T|author3=Tagliasacchi D|display-authors=3|last4=Giulini|first4=Simone|last5=La Marca|first5=Antonio|last6=Tirelli|first6=Alessandra|last7=Volpe|first7=Annibale}}</ref> Methods to permit dynamic embryo culture with fluid flow and embryo movement are also available.<ref>{{cite doi|10.1093/humupd/dmr006 }}</ref> A new method in development uses the uterus as an incubator and the naturally occurring intrauterine fluids as culture medium by encapsulating the embryos in permeable intrauterine vessel.<ref>{{cite doi|10.1093/humrep/dep005 }}</ref> |
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Usage of low oxygen concentrations of 5% rather than about 20% in the atmosphere has been shown to increase live birth rate to a [[risk rate|probability rate]] of 1.24, without any evidence of increased risk for multiple pregnancies, miscarriages or congenital abnormalities.<ref>[http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/3/209.extract] {{cite doi|10.1093/humupd/dms055}}</ref> |
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==Risks== |
==Risks== |
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Revision as of 15:32, 12 May 2013
Embryo culture is a component of in vitro fertilisation wherein resultant embryos are allowed to grow for some time in an artificial medium before being inserted into the uterus.
Duration
Typically, embryos are cultured until having reached the 6–8 cell stage three days after retrieval. In many Canadian, American and Australian programmes[citation needed], however, embryos are placed into an extended culture system with a transfer done at the blastocyst stage at around five days after retrieval, especially if many good-quality embryos are still available on day 3. Blastocyst stage transfers have been shown to result in higher pregnancy rates.[1] In Europe, transfers after 2 days are common.
Techniques
Culture of embryos can either be performed in an artificial culture medium or in an autologous endometrial coculture (on top of a layer of cells from the woman's own uterine lining). With artificial culture medium, there can either be the same culture medium throughout the period, or a sequential system can be used, in which the embryo is sequentially placed in different media. For example, when culturing to the blastocyst stage, one medium may be used for culture to day 3, and a second medium is used for culture thereafter.[2] Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage.[3] Artificial embryo culture media basically contain glucose, pyruvate, and energy-providing components, but the addition of amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, and cholesterol improve the performance of embryonic growth and development.[4] Methods to permit dynamic embryo culture with fluid flow and embryo movement are also available.[5] A new method in development uses the uterus as an incubator and the naturally occurring intrauterine fluids as culture medium by encapsulating the embryos in permeable intrauterine vessel.[6]
Usage of low oxygen concentrations of 5% rather than about 20% in the atmosphere has been shown to increase live birth rate to a probability rate of 1.24, without any evidence of increased risk for multiple pregnancies, miscarriages or congenital abnormalities.[7]
Risks
Animal studies have detected epigenetic abnormalities in embryos having undergone embryo culture, indicating a need to optimize the procedures.[8]
References
- ^ Papanikolaou EG, Camus M, Kolibianakis EM, Van Landuyt L, Van Steirteghem A, Devroey P (2006). "In Vitro Fertilization with Single Blastocyst-Stage versus Single Cleavage-Stage Embryos". N Engl J Med. 354 (11): 1139–46. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa053524. PMID 16540614.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Comparison Of A Single Medium With Sequential Media For Development Of Human Embryos To The Blastocyst Stage Melanie R. Freeman and Don Rieger. Nashville Fertility Center, Nashville, TN, U.S.A. and LifeGlobal, Guelph, ON, Canada
- ^ Single or sequential medium are equally effective for the culture of human embryos to the blastocyst stage: a pilot study D.T. Schneidera, S. Verza Jr.a and S.C. Estevesa. Fertility and Sterility, Volume 92, Issue 3, Supplement 1, September 2009, Pages S231-S232
- ^ Xella S; Marsella T; Tagliasacchi D; et al. (2010). "Embryo quality and implantation rate in two different culture media: ISM1 versus Universal IVF Medium". Fertil. Steril. 93 (6): 1859–63. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.12.030. PMID 19152877.
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|doi=10.1093/humupd/dms055instead. - ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1093/humupd/dms042, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with
|doi=10.1093/humupd/dms042instead.