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==Career==
==Career==
In 1971 Macintyre went to a research post at the Centre for Social Studies, University of Aberdeen. From 1975 she was employed at the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in Aberdeen. She was appointed director of the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in 1983,<ref>{{cite web|title=Our research|url=http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Ourresearch/Unitscentresinstitutes/Profiles/SPHSU/index.htm|publisher=Medical Research Council|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> and moved it to the University of Glasgow in 1984. In 1998 she took on the directorship of the Chief Scientist Office funded Public Health Research Unit, which merged with the MRC Medical Sociology Unit to become the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit.<ref>{{cite web|title=Research Units|url=http://www.cso.scot.nhs.uk/about/research-units/|work=Chief Scientist Office - NHS Scotland|publisher=Chief Scientist Office|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> She retired from the directorship in 2013, and was succeeded by Professor Laurence Moore.<ref>{{cite web|title=Leading social scientist to direct MRC Unit at Glasgow University|url=http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Newspublications/News/MRC009201|work=News & publications|publisher=Medical Research Council|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> From 2011, Macintyre was also Director of the Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing at the University of Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web|title=Institute of Health and Wellbeing|url=http://www.gla.ac.uk/researchinstitutes/healthwellbeing/staff/sallymacintyre/|work=University of Glasgow, research units|publisher=University of Glasgow|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref>
In 1971 Macintyre went to a research post at the Centre for Social Studies, University of Aberdeen. From 1975 she was employed at the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in Aberdeen. She was appointed director of the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in 1983,<ref>{{cite web|title=Our research|url=http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Ourresearch/Unitscentresinstitutes/Profiles/SPHSU/index.htm|publisher=Medical Research Council|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> and moved it to the University of Glasgow in 1984. In 1998 she took on the directorship of the Chief Scientist Office funded Public Health Research Unit, which merged with the MRC Medical Sociology Unit to become the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit.<ref>{{cite web|title=Research Units|url=http://www.cso.scot.nhs.uk/about/research-units/|work=Chief Scientist Office - NHS Scotland|publisher=Chief Scientist Office|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> She retired from the directorship in 2013, and was succeeded by Professor Laurence Moore.<ref>{{cite web|title=Leading social scientist to direct MRC Unit at Glasgow University|url=http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Newspublications/News/MRC009201|work=News & publications|publisher=Medical Research Council|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> From 2011, Macintyre was also Director of the Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing at the University of Glasgow.<ref>{{cite web|title=Institute of Health and Wellbeing|url=http://www.gla.ac.uk/researchinstitutes/healthwellbeing/staff/sallymacintyre/|work=University of Glasgow, research units|publisher=University of Glasgow|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref>

==Research Interests and Contributions==
Macintyre’s research was initially in the area of sociological aspects of reproduction and of maternity care. She demonstrated that many of what were thought to be natural aspects of motherhood were actually highly socially constructed and culturally variable.<ref>{{cite book|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=Single and Pregnant|year=1977|publisher=Croom Helm|location=London|isbn=0856644021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=Sexual Divisions in Society: Process and Change|year=1976|publisher=Tavistock Publications|location=London|isbn=978-0422748308|authorlink=Sally Macintyre|editor=Barker, D.L. and Allen, S.|accessdate=23 December 2013|chapter=Who Wants Babies? The Social Construction of Instincts}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=The Politics of Pregnancy: Adolescent Sexuality and Public Policy|year=1993|publisher=Yale University Press|location=Yale|isbn=978-0300065480|chapter=Teenage Pregnancy as a Social Problem: A perspective from the UK|coauthors=Cunningham-Burley, S.|editor=Lawson, A.; Rhodes, D.L.|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref> In the 1980s she took a role in the evaluation of a trial of a new pattern of antenatal care in Aberdeen (involving more delegation to midwives and general practitioners, and fewer scheduled antenatal visits. Involvement in that evaluation, which was a non-randomised trial, triggered her continued interest in evidence-based health care and health and social policy, and how to evaluate effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.<ref>{{cite book|title=Antenatal Care Assessed|year=1985|publisher=Aberdeen University Press|location=Aberdeen|isbn=978-0080324272|author=Hall M. Macintyre, S.; Porter M.}}</ref><br />
Her research interests then moved into the broad field of inequalities in health. Her major contribution has been to further the understanding of socioeconomic, spatial and gender inequalities in health across time and over the life course, using data from individuals, households and areas to improve understanding of the significance of the social and physical environment for health.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|coauthors=MacIver S.; Sooman A.|title=Area, Class and Health: Should we be focusing on places or people?|journal=Journal of Social Policy|year=1993|month=April|volume=22|issue=02|pages=213-234|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?decade=1990&jid=JSP&volumeId=22&issueId=02&iid=3308740|accessdate=23 December 2013|publisher=Cambridge Journals}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=The Patterning of Health by Social Position in Contemporary Britain: Directions for Sociological Research|journal=Social Science and Medicine|year=1986|volume=23|issue=4|pages=393-415}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|coauthors=Hunt K., Sweeting H.|title=Gender differences in health: are things as simple as they seem?|journal=Social Science & Medicine|year=1996|volume=42|issue=4|pages=617-624}}</ref><br />
Macintyre has also applied her sociological understandings to a range of emerging contemporary issues,such as HIV and AIDS,<ref>{{cite journal|last=West|first=P.|coauthors=Wight D., Macintyre, S.|title=Heterosexual behaviour of eighteen year olds in the Glasgow Area|journal=Journal of Adolescence|year=1993|volume=16|series=4|pages=367-396}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Carter|first=S.|coauthors=Horn, K., Hart, G., Dunbar, M., Scoular, A.,and Macintyre S.|title=The sexual behaviour of international travellers at two Glasgow GUM clinics|journal=International Journal of STD & AIDS|year=1997|month=May|volume=8|issue=5|pages=336-338}}</ref> the development of 'the new genetics’,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=Social and psychological issues associated with the new genetics|journal=Philosophical transactions; Biological Sciences, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London|year=1997|volume=352|series=Series B (Biological Sciences)|pages=1095-1101}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=The public understanding of science or the scientific understanding of the public? A review of the social context of ‘the new genetics’|journal=Public Understanding of Science|year=1995|month=July|volume=4|issue=3|pages=223-232}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Davison|first=C.|coauthors=Macintyre S and Davey-Smith G.|title=The potential social impact of predictive genetic testing for susceptibility to common chronic disorders: a review and proposed research agenda|journal=Sociology of Health & Illness|year=1994|volume=16|issue=3|pages=340-371}}</ref> and food choices, scares and representations of health risks in the media.<ref>{{cite book|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=The Nation’s Diet: The Social Science of Food Choice|year=1998|publisher=Longmans|location=London|isbn=978-0582302853|pages=228-249|coauthors=Reilly J, Miller D and Eldridge J.|editor=Murcott, A.|chapter=Food choice, food scares, and health: the role of the media}}</ref><br />
She is an advocate for robust approaches and methods for evaluating public health policies and interventions,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|title=Good intentions and perceived wisdom are not good enough: the need for controlled trials in public health|journal=Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health|year=2011|month=July|volume=65|issue=7|pages=564-567|doi=10.1136/jech.2010.124198;|url=http://jech.bmj.com/content/65/7.toc}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Macintyre|first=Sally|coauthors=Chalmers I, Horton R, Smith R.|title=Using evidence to inform health policy: a case study|journal=BMJ|date=27|year=2001|month=January|volume=322|pages=222-225|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/322/7280/222}}</ref> and in doing so has contributed to guidelines for the evaluation of public health policies.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Craig|first=P.|coauthors=Cooper C, Gunnell D, Haw S, Lawson K, Macintyre S, Ogilvie D, Petticrew M, Reeves B, Sutton M, Thompson S.|title=Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions: new Medical Research Council guidance|journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health|year=2012|month=December|volume=66|issue=12|pages=1182-1186|url=http://jech.bmj.com/content/66/12.toc}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Ogilvie|first=D.|coauthors=Craig P, Griffin S, Macintyre S, Wareham NJ.|title=A translational framework for public health research|journal=BMC Public Health|year=2009|volume=9|issue=116|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-9-116|url=http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/116|accessdate=23 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Craig|first=P.|coauthors=Dieppe P, Macintyre S, Michie S, Nazareth I, Petticrew M.|title=Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance|journal=British Medical Journal|date=29|year=2008|month=September|volume=337:a1655|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/337/bmj.a1655|accessdate=24 December 2013}}</ref>



== References==
== References==

Revision as of 18:17, 9 January 2014

Sally Macintyre
Alma materDurham University
University of Aberdeen
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Glasgow

Dame Sally Macintyre DBE FRSE (born 1949) is a Scottish sociologist and scientist. She is the Professor of Social and Public Health Sciences at the University of Glasgow, and the Director of the Institute of Health and Wellbeing. From 1995 to 2004 she was Editor-in-Chief of the journal Social Science & Medicine.[1]

In 1998 she was awarded an OBE for services to Medical Sociology,[2] and in 2006 she was awarded a CBE for services to Social Science. In 2011 she was awarded a DBE for services to Science.[3] In 2013 she was one of 12 women to receive the 2013 Suffrage Science honour.[4]

Background and education

Sally Jane Macintyre was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. Her father, the Rev Angus Macintyre, was the then rector of St James’s Scottish Episcopal Church, Leith.[5] Her mother, Evelyn Macintyre, had trained as a nurse and midwife in Oxford before the war. When she was 2, the family moved to Trinity College, Glenalmond in Perthshire (now Glenalmond College) where her father was chaplain until 1967.

Macintyre was schooled at home until the age of 10, when she went to Morrison’s Academy, Crieff, for two years. From the ages of 12-16 she went to the Nesta Brooking School of Ballet in London, where she undertook classical ballet training. Having not reached the required height to join a classical ballet company, she went to Chichester College of Further Education to obtain university entrance qualifications. She read Social Theory and Administration at the University of Durham, as a member of St Aidan’s College, graduating in 1970. She then did an MSc in Sociology as Applied to Medicine at Bedford College, London, and was awarded a distinction in this degree in 1971. She undertook a part-time PhD while working as a research fellow at the University of Aberdeen, on the topic of decision-making processes following premarital conception, the degree being awarded in 1976.[6]

Career

In 1971 Macintyre went to a research post at the Centre for Social Studies, University of Aberdeen. From 1975 she was employed at the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in Aberdeen. She was appointed director of the MRC Medical Sociology Unit in 1983,[7] and moved it to the University of Glasgow in 1984. In 1998 she took on the directorship of the Chief Scientist Office funded Public Health Research Unit, which merged with the MRC Medical Sociology Unit to become the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit.[8] She retired from the directorship in 2013, and was succeeded by Professor Laurence Moore.[9] From 2011, Macintyre was also Director of the Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing at the University of Glasgow.[10]

Research Interests and Contributions

Macintyre’s research was initially in the area of sociological aspects of reproduction and of maternity care. She demonstrated that many of what were thought to be natural aspects of motherhood were actually highly socially constructed and culturally variable.[11][12][13] In the 1980s she took a role in the evaluation of a trial of a new pattern of antenatal care in Aberdeen (involving more delegation to midwives and general practitioners, and fewer scheduled antenatal visits. Involvement in that evaluation, which was a non-randomised trial, triggered her continued interest in evidence-based health care and health and social policy, and how to evaluate effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.[14]
Her research interests then moved into the broad field of inequalities in health. Her major contribution has been to further the understanding of socioeconomic, spatial and gender inequalities in health across time and over the life course, using data from individuals, households and areas to improve understanding of the significance of the social and physical environment for health.[15][16][17]
Macintyre has also applied her sociological understandings to a range of emerging contemporary issues,such as HIV and AIDS,[18][19] the development of 'the new genetics’,[20][21][22] and food choices, scares and representations of health risks in the media.[23]
She is an advocate for robust approaches and methods for evaluating public health policies and interventions,[24][25] and in doing so has contributed to guidelines for the evaluation of public health policies.[26][27][28]


References

  1. ^ "Prof Sally Macintyre". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 11 Dec 2013.
  2. ^ "Supplement to the London Gazette 31st December 1997". London Gazette. Retrieved 11 Dec 2013. cited as: "Professor Sarah Jane MACINTYRE, Director, MRC Sociology Unit, Glasgow. For services to Medical Sociology."
  3. ^ "Birthday Honours List 2011" (PDF). BBC. Retrieved 11 Dec 2013.
  4. ^ "Suffrage Science 2013". MRC Clinical Sciences Centre. Retrieved 11 Dec 2013.
  5. ^ Steven, Alasdair. "Rev Angus Macintyre". HighBeam Research. Cengage Learning. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  6. ^ Who's Who. A&C Black Publishers. 2012. p. 1461. ISBN 978-1-408-15491-5.
  7. ^ "Our research". Medical Research Council. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  8. ^ "Research Units". Chief Scientist Office - NHS Scotland. Chief Scientist Office. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  9. ^ "Leading social scientist to direct MRC Unit at Glasgow University". News & publications. Medical Research Council. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  10. ^ "Institute of Health and Wellbeing". University of Glasgow, research units. University of Glasgow. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
  11. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1977). Single and Pregnant. London: Croom Helm. ISBN 0856644021.
  12. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1976). "Who Wants Babies? The Social Construction of Instincts". In Barker, D.L. and Allen, S. (ed.). Sexual Divisions in Society: Process and Change. London: Tavistock Publications. ISBN 978-0422748308. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  13. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1993). "Teenage Pregnancy as a Social Problem: A perspective from the UK". In Lawson, A.; Rhodes, D.L. (ed.). The Politics of Pregnancy: Adolescent Sexuality and Public Policy. Yale: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300065480. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  14. ^ Hall M. Macintyre, S.; Porter M. (1985). Antenatal Care Assessed. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press. ISBN 978-0080324272.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1993). "Area, Class and Health: Should we be focusing on places or people?". Journal of Social Policy. 22 (02). Cambridge Journals: 213–234. Retrieved 23 December 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  16. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1986). "The Patterning of Health by Social Position in Contemporary Britain: Directions for Sociological Research". Social Science and Medicine. 23 (4): 393–415.
  17. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1996). "Gender differences in health: are things as simple as they seem?". Social Science & Medicine. 42 (4): 617–624. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ West, P. (1993). "Heterosexual behaviour of eighteen year olds in the Glasgow Area". Journal of Adolescence. 4. 16: 367–396. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ Carter, S. (1997). "The sexual behaviour of international travellers at two Glasgow GUM clinics". International Journal of STD & AIDS. 8 (5): 336–338. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  20. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1997). "Social and psychological issues associated with the new genetics". Philosophical transactions; Biological Sciences, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B (Biological Sciences). 352: 1095–1101.
  21. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1995). "The public understanding of science or the scientific understanding of the public? A review of the social context of 'the new genetics'". Public Understanding of Science. 4 (3): 223–232. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  22. ^ Davison, C. (1994). "The potential social impact of predictive genetic testing for susceptibility to common chronic disorders: a review and proposed research agenda". Sociology of Health & Illness. 16 (3): 340–371. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ Macintyre, Sally (1998). "Food choice, food scares, and health: the role of the media". In Murcott, A. (ed.). The Nation’s Diet: The Social Science of Food Choice. London: Longmans. pp. 228–249. ISBN 978-0582302853. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ Macintyre, Sally (2011). "Good intentions and perceived wisdom are not good enough: the need for controlled trials in public health". Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health. 65 (7): 564–567. doi:10.1136/jech.2010.124198;. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  25. ^ Macintyre, Sally (27). "Using evidence to inform health policy: a case study". BMJ. 322: 222–225. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  26. ^ Craig, P. (2012). "Using natural experiments to evaluate population health interventions: new Medical Research Council guidance". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 66 (12): 1182–1186. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  27. ^ Ogilvie, D. (2009). "A translational framework for public health research". BMC Public Health. 9 (116). doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-116. Retrieved 23 December 2013. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  28. ^ Craig, P. (29). "Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance". British Medical Journal. 337:a1655. Retrieved 24 December 2013. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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