Paramecium bursaria: Difference between revisions
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'''''Paramecium bursaria''''' is a species of [[ciliate]] [[protozoa]]n that has a mutualistic [[endosymbiotic]] relationship with green [[algae]] called ''[[Zoochlorella]]''. The algae live inside the ''Paramecium'' in its [[cytoplasm]] and provide it with food, while the ''Paramecium'' provides the algae with movement and protection. ''P. bursaria'' is 80-150 μm long, with a wide [[oral groove]], two [[contractile vacuole]]s, and a single [[micronucleus]] as well as a single [[macronucleus]]. ''P. bursaria'' is the only species of ''[[Paramecium]]'' that forms symbiotic relationships with algae, and it is often used in biology classrooms both as an example of a protozoan and also as an example of symbiosis. |
'''''Paramecium bursaria''''' is a species of [[ciliate]] [[protozoa]]n that has a mutualistic [[endosymbiotic]] relationship with green [[algae]] called ''[[Zoochlorella]]''. The algae live inside the ''Paramecium'' in its [[cytoplasm]] and provide it with food, while the ''Paramecium'' provides the algae with movement and protection. ''P. bursaria'' is 80-150 μm long, with a wide [[oral groove]], two [[contractile vacuole]]s, and a single [[micronucleus]] as well as a single [[macronucleus]]. ''P. bursaria'' is the only species of ''[[Paramecium]]'' that forms symbiotic relationships with algae, and it is often used in biology classrooms both as an example of a protozoan and also as an example of symbiosis. |
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==Further Reading== |
==Further Reading== |
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"Analysis of amino acid and codon usage in Paramecium bursaria." <ref>{{cite journal|year=2015|title=Analysis of amino acid and codon usage in Paramecium bursaria.|journal=FEBS Lett.|pmid=26341535}}</ref> |
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"Comparison of gene expression of Paramecium bursaria with and without Chlorella variabilis symbionts." <ref>{{cite journal|year=2014|title=Comparison of gene expression of Paramecium bursaria with and without Chlorella variabilis symbionts.|journal=BMC Genomics.|pmid=24612690}}</ref> |
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{{cite journal|last1=Blanc|first1=Guillaume|last2=Mozar|first2=Michael|last3=Agarkova|first3=Irina V.|title=Deep RNA Sequencing Reveals Hidden Features and Dynamics of Early Gene Transcription in Paramecium bursaria Chlorella Virus 1|journal=POS ONE|date=7 March 2014|volume=9|issue=3|page=1-10|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0090989|pmid=24608750|accessdate=8 February 2015}} |
{{cite journal|last1=Blanc|first1=Guillaume|last2=Mozar|first2=Michael|last3=Agarkova|first3=Irina V.|title=Deep RNA Sequencing Reveals Hidden Features and Dynamics of Early Gene Transcription in Paramecium bursaria Chlorella Virus 1|journal=POS ONE|date=7 March 2014|volume=9|issue=3|page=1-10|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0090989|pmid=24608750|accessdate=8 February 2015}} |
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{{cite journal|last1=Greczek-Stachura|first1=Magdalena|last2=Potekhin|first2=Alexey|last3=Przybos|first3=Ewa|last4=Rautian|first4=Maria|last5=Skoblo|first5=Inna|last6=Tarcz|first6=Sebastian|title=Identification of Paramecium bursaria Syngens through Molecular Markers – Comparative Analysis of Three Loci in the Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA|journal=Elsevier|date=September 2012|volume=163|issue=5|page=671-685|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.009|pmid=22154394|url=http://ucelinks.cdlib.org:8888/sfx_local?sid=CAPTURE:CAPTURE&id=pmid:22154394&month=09&issn=1434%2D4610&issue=5&atitle=Identification%20of%20Paramecium%20bursaria%20Syngens%20through%20Molecular%20Markers%20%E2%80%93%20Comparative%20Analysis%20of%20Three%20Loci%20in%20the%20Nuclear%20and%20Mitochondrial%20DNA&title=Protist&volume=163&genre=article&date=2012&spage=671&epage=685&aulast=Greczek Stachura&aufirst=Magdalena&auinit=M|accessdate=6 February 2015}} |
{{cite journal|last1=Greczek-Stachura|first1=Magdalena|last2=Potekhin|first2=Alexey|last3=Przybos|first3=Ewa|last4=Rautian|first4=Maria|last5=Skoblo|first5=Inna|last6=Tarcz|first6=Sebastian|title=Identification of Paramecium bursaria Syngens through Molecular Markers – Comparative Analysis of Three Loci in the Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA|journal=Elsevier|date=September 2012|volume=163|issue=5|page=671-685|doi=10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.009|pmid=22154394|url=http://ucelinks.cdlib.org:8888/sfx_local?sid=CAPTURE:CAPTURE&id=pmid:22154394&month=09&issn=1434%2D4610&issue=5&atitle=Identification%20of%20Paramecium%20bursaria%20Syngens%20through%20Molecular%20Markers%20%E2%80%93%20Comparative%20Analysis%20of%20Three%20Loci%20in%20the%20Nuclear%20and%20Mitochondrial%20DNA&title=Protist&volume=163&genre=article&date=2012&spage=671&epage=685&aulast=Greczek Stachura&aufirst=Magdalena&auinit=M|accessdate=6 February 2015}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.eol.org/pages/484360 Encyclopedia of life page] |
*[http://www.eol.org/pages/484360 Encyclopedia of life page] |
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Revision as of 02:29, 1 October 2015
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2012) |
| Paramecium bursaria | |
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| Species: | P. bursaria
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| Paramecium bursaria (Ehr., 1831)
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Paramecium bursaria is a species of ciliate protozoan that has a mutualistic endosymbiotic relationship with green algae called Zoochlorella. The algae live inside the Paramecium in its cytoplasm and provide it with food, while the Paramecium provides the algae with movement and protection. P. bursaria is 80-150 μm long, with a wide oral groove, two contractile vacuoles, and a single micronucleus as well as a single macronucleus. P. bursaria is the only species of Paramecium that forms symbiotic relationships with algae, and it is often used in biology classrooms both as an example of a protozoan and also as an example of symbiosis.
Further Reading
"Analysis of amino acid and codon usage in Paramecium bursaria." [1]
"Comparison of gene expression of Paramecium bursaria with and without Chlorella variabilis symbionts." [2]
Blanc, Guillaume; Mozar, Michael; Agarkova, Irina V. (7 March 2014). "Deep RNA Sequencing Reveals Hidden Features and Dynamics of Early Gene Transcription in Paramecium bursaria Chlorella Virus 1". POS ONE. 9 (3): 1-10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090989. PMID 24608750. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Greczek-Stachura, Magdalena; Potekhin, Alexey; Przybos, Ewa; Rautian, Maria; Skoblo, Inna; Tarcz, Sebastian (September 2012). Stachura&aufirst=Magdalena&auinit=M "Identification of Paramecium bursaria Syngens through Molecular Markers – Comparative Analysis of Three Loci in the Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA". Elsevier. 163 (5): 671-685. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2011.10.009. PMID 22154394. Retrieved 6 February 2015. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)