Kiffian culture: Difference between revisions
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'''Kiffian''' is |
The '''Kiffian culture''' is a prehistoric industry that existed between 10,000 and 8,000 years ago in the [[Sahara Desert]], during the [[Neolithic Subpluvial]]. Human remains from this culture were found in 2000 at a site known as [[Gobero]], located in [[Niger]] in the [[Ténéré|Ténéré Desert]].<ref name="scidaily">{{cite web | url = http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080815101317.htm | title = Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara' | publisher = Science Daily | date = 2008-08-15 | accessdate = 2008-08-15}}</ref> The site is known as the largest and earliest grave of Stone Age people in the Sahara desert.<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/15/science/15sahara.html | title = Graves Found From Sahara's Green Period | first = John Noble | last = Wilford | publisher = New York Times | date = 2008-08-14 | accessdate = 2008-08-15}}</ref> |
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== Characteristics == |
== Characteristics == |
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The |
The Kiffians were skilled [[Hunter-gatherer|hunters]]. Bones of many large savannah animals that were discovered in the same area suggest that they lived on the shores of a lake that was present during a period when the Sahara was verdant and wet.<ref name="nytimes">{{cite news | url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/15/science/15sahara.html | title = Graves Found From Sahara's Green Period | first = John Noble | last = Wilford | publisher = New York Times | date = 2008-08-14 | accessdate = 2008-08-15}}</ref> |
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The Kiffian people were tall, standing over six feet in height.<ref name="scidaily" /> Craniometric analysis indicates that this early Holocene population was closely related to the Late Pleistocene [[Iberomaurusian]]s and early Holocene [[Capsian culture|Capsians]] of the Maghreb, as well as mid-Holocene [[Mechta-Afalou|Mechta]] groups.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sereno PC, Garcea EAA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège J-F, Maga A, et al.|title=Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change|journal=PLoS ONE|date=2008|volume=3|issue=8|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0002995|url=http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/asset?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0002995.PDF|accessdate=5 May 2016}}</ref> |
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== Decline == |
== Decline == |
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Revision as of 02:08, 5 May 2016
The Kiffian culture is a prehistoric industry that existed between 10,000 and 8,000 years ago in the Sahara Desert, during the Neolithic Subpluvial. Human remains from this culture were found in 2000 at a site known as Gobero, located in Niger in the Ténéré Desert.[1] The site is known as the largest and earliest grave of Stone Age people in the Sahara desert.[2]
Characteristics
The Kiffians were skilled hunters. Bones of many large savannah animals that were discovered in the same area suggest that they lived on the shores of a lake that was present during a period when the Sahara was verdant and wet.[2]
The Kiffian people were tall, standing over six feet in height.[1] Craniometric analysis indicates that this early Holocene population was closely related to the Late Pleistocene Iberomaurusians and early Holocene Capsians of the Maghreb, as well as mid-Holocene Mechta groups.[3]
Decline
Traces of the Kiffian culture do not exist after 8,000 years ago, as the Sahara went through a dry period for the next thousand years.[4] After this time, another culture, the Tenerians, colonized the area.
References
- ^ a b "Stone Age Graveyard Reveals Lifestyles Of A 'Green Sahara'". Science Daily. 2008-08-15. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
- ^ a b Wilford, John Noble (2008-08-14). "Graves Found From Sahara's Green Period". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
- ^ Sereno PC, Garcea EAA, Jousse H, Stojanowski CM, Saliège J-F, Maga A; et al. (2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change" (PDF). PLoS ONE. 3 (8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|last1=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Schultz, Nora (2008-08-14). "Stone Age mass graves reveal green Sahara". NewScientist. Retrieved 2008-08-15.
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4. Kamrani, Kambiz. "The Kiffian & Tenerean Occupation Of Gobero, Niger: Perhaps The Largest Collection Of Early-Mid Holocene People In Africa." Anthropology.net. N.p., 14 Thursday August 2008. Web. 01 Jan. 2015. (http://anthropology.net/2008/08/14/the-kiffian-tenerean-occupation-of-gobero-niger-perhaps-the-largest-collection-of-early-mid-holocene-people-in-africa/)