GNMT: Difference between revisions

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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
* {{cite journal | vauthors =Wang YC, Chen YM, Lin YJ, Liu SP, Chiang EP| title = GNMT expression increases hepatic folate contents and folate-dependent methionine synthase-mediated homocysteine remethylation.| journal =Mol Med.| volume =17 | issue =5-6| pages = 486-94| date =May-Jun 2011| pmid = 21210071 | doi = 10.2119/molmed.2010.00243}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors =Liao YJ, Chen KH, Huang SF, Chen TL, Wang CK, Chien CH, Tsai TF, Liu SP, Chen YM| title = Deficiency of glycine N-methyltransferase results in deterioration of cellular defense to stress in mouse liver.| journal =Proteomics Clin Appl.| volume =4 | issue =4| pages = 394-406| date =Apr 2010| pmid = 21137059 | doi = 10.1002/prca.200900074}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors =Liao YJ, Chen KH, Huang SF, Chen TL, Wang CK, Chien CH, Tsai TF, Liu SP, Chen YM| title = Deficiency of glycine N-methyltransferase results in deterioration of cellular defense to stress in mouse liver.| journal =Proteomics Clin Appl.| volume =4 | issue =4| pages = 394-406| date =Apr 2010| pmid = 21137059 | doi = 10.1002/prca.200900074}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tsai MJ, Chen YM, Weng CF, Liou DY, Yang HC, Chen CH, Liao RI, Kuo FS, Chiu CW, Kuo HS, Huang MC, Lin YL, Lee MJ, Kuo WC, Huang WC, Cheng H| title = Enhanced expression of glycine N-methyltransferase by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in CNS culture is neuroprotective.| journal =Ann N Y Acad Sci.| volume =1199 | issue =| pages = 194-203| date =Jun 2010| pmid = 20633125 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05169.x}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tsai MJ, Chen YM, Weng CF, Liou DY, Yang HC, Chen CH, Liao RI, Kuo FS, Chiu CW, Kuo HS, Huang MC, Lin YL, Lee MJ, Kuo WC, Huang WC, Cheng H| title = Enhanced expression of glycine N-methyltransferase by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in CNS culture is neuroprotective.| journal =Ann N Y Acad Sci.| volume =1199 | issue =| pages = 194-203| date =Jun 2010| pmid = 20633125 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05169.x}}

Revision as of 09:06, 2 November 2016

GNMT
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGNMT, HEL-S-182mP, glycine N-methyltransferase
External IDsOMIM: 606628 MGI: 1202304 HomoloGene: 7741 GeneCards: GNMT
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

27232

14711

Ensembl

ENSG00000124713

ENSMUSG00000002769

UniProt

Q14749

Q9QXF8

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_018960
NM_001318865

NM_010321
NM_001364890

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001305794
NP_061833

NP_034451
NP_001351819

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 42.96 – 42.96 MbChr 17: 47.04 – 47.04 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Glycine N-methyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GNMT gene.[5][6][7]

Function

Glycine N-methyltransferase catalyzes the synthesis of N-methylglycine (sarcosine) from glycine using S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) (AdoMet) as the methyl donor. The enzyme was first described by Blumenstein and Williams (1960) in guinea pig liver. GNMT acts as an enzyme to regulate the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) (AdoHcy) and participates in the detoxification pathway in liver cells.[supplied by OMIM][7]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000124713 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002769 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Chen YM, Chen LY, Wong FH, Lee CM, Chang TJ, Yang-Feng TL (May 2000). "Genomic structure, expression, and chromosomal localization of the human glycine N-methyltransferase gene". Genomics. 66 (1): 43–7. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6188. PMID 10843803.
  6. ^ Chen YM, Shiu JY, Tzeng SJ, Shih LS, Chen YJ, Lui WY, Chen PH (March 1998). "Characterization of glycine-N-methyltransferase-gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Cancer. 75 (5): 787–93. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980302)75:5<787::AID-IJC20>3.0.CO;2-2. PMID 9495250.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GNMT glycine N-methyltransferase".

Further reading

  • Wang YC, Chen YM, Lin YJ, Liu SP, Chiang EP (May–Jun 2011). "GNMT expression increases hepatic folate contents and folate-dependent methionine synthase-mediated homocysteine remethylation". Mol Med. 17 (5–6): 486–94. doi:10.2119/molmed.2010.00243. PMID 21210071.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  • Liao YJ, Chen KH, Huang SF, Chen TL, Wang CK, Chien CH, Tsai TF, Liu SP, Chen YM (Apr 2010). "Deficiency of glycine N-methyltransferase results in deterioration of cellular defense to stress in mouse liver". Proteomics Clin Appl. 4 (4): 394–406. doi:10.1002/prca.200900074. PMID 21137059.
  • Tsai MJ, Chen YM, Weng CF, Liou DY, Yang HC, Chen CH, Liao RI, Kuo FS, Chiu CW, Kuo HS, Huang MC, Lin YL, Lee MJ, Kuo WC, Huang WC, Cheng H (Jun 2010). "Enhanced expression of glycine N-methyltransferase by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in CNS culture is neuroprotective". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1199: 194–203. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05169.x. PMID 20633125.
  • Liu SP, Li YS, Lee CM, Yen CH, Liao YJ, Huang SF, Chien CH, Chen YM (Jan 2009). "Higher susceptibility to aflatoxin B(1)-related hepatocellular carcinoma in glycine N-methyltransferase knockout mice". Int J Cancer. 128 (3): 511–23. doi:10.1002/ijc.25386. PMID 20473876.
  • Chen YM, Liao YJ, Liu SP, Tsai TF (Jan 2009). "Phenotypic differences between two Gnmt-/- mouse models for hepatocellular carcinoma". Hepatology. 49 (6): 2130–1. PMID 19475685.
  • Lee CM, Shih YP, Wu CH, Chen YM (Aug 2009). "Characterization of the 5' regulatory region of the human Glycine N-methyltransferase gene". J Gene.. 443 (1–2): 151–7. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2009.05.001. PMID 19439180.
  • Huang YC, Chen M, Shyr YM, Su CH, Chen CK, Li AF, Ho DM, Chen YM (Sep 2008). "Glycine N-methyltransferase is a favorable prognostic marker for human cholangiocarcinoma". J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 23 (9): 1384–9. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05488.x. PMID 18624901.
  • Liu SP, Li YS, Chen YJ, Chiang EP, Li AF, Lee YH, Tsai TF, Hsiao M, Huang SF, Chen YM (Nov 2007). "Glycine N-methyltransferase-/- mice develop chronic hepatitis and glycogen storage disease in the liver". Hepatology. 46 (5): 1413–25. PMID 17937387.
  • Huang YC, Lee CM, Chen M, Chung MY, Chang YH, Huang WJ, Ho DM, Pan CC, Wu TT, Yang S, Lin MW, Hsieh JT, Chen YM (Mar 2007). "Haplotypes, loss of heterozygosity, and expression levels of glycine N-methyltransferase in prostate cancer". Clin Cancer Res. 13 (5): 1412–20. PMID 17332283.
  • Lee CM, Chen SY, Lee YC, Huang CY, Chen YM (Jul 2006). "Benzo[a]pyrene and glycine N-methyltransferse interactions: gene expression profiles of the liver detoxification pathway". Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 214 (2): 126–35. PMID 16545412.
  • Chen SY, Lin JR, Darbha R, Lin P, Liu TY, Chen YM (May 2004). "Glycine N-methyltransferase tumor susceptibility gene in the benzo(a)pyrene-detoxification pathway". Cancer Res. 64 (10): 3617–23. PMID 15150120.
  • Liu HH, Chen KH, Shih YP, Lui WY, Wong FH, Chen YM (Jan–Feb 2003). "Characterization of reduced expression of glycine N-methyltransferase in cancerous hepatic tissues using two newly developed monoclonal antibodies". J Biomed Sci. 10 (1): 87–97. PMID 12566990.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  • Tseng TL, Shih YP, Huang YC, Wang CK, Chen PH, Chang JG, Yeh KT, Chen YM, Buetow KH (Feb 2003). "Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a putative tumor susceptibility gene, GNMT, in liver cancer". Cancer Res. 63 (3): 647–54. PMID 12566309.
  • Lee CM, Yen CH, Tzeng TY, Huang YZ, Chou KH, Chang TJ, Arthur Chen YM (Sep 2013). "Androgen response element of the glycine N-methyltransferase gene is located in the coding region of its first exon". Biosci Rep. 33 (5): pii: e00070. PMID 23883094.
  • Yen CH, Lu YC, Li CH, Lee CM, Chen CY, Cheng MY, Huang SF, Chen KF, Cheng AL, Liao LY, Lee YH, Chen YM (Mar 2012). "Functional characterization of glycine N-methyltransferase and its interactive protein DEPDC6/DEPTOR in hepatocellular carcinoma". Mol Med. 18: 286–96. PMID 22160218.
  • Kant R, Yen CH, Lu CK, Lin YC, Li JH, Chen YM (Feb 2009). "Identification of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranoside as a Glycine N-Methyltransferase Enhancer by High-Throughput Screening of Natural Products Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma". Int J Mol Sci. 17 (5). doi:10.3390/ijms17050669. PMID 27153064.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  • Li CH, Lin MH, Chu SH, Tu PH, Fang CC, Yen CH, Liang PI, Huang JC, Su YC, Sytwu HK, Chen YM (Feb 2009). "Role of glycine N-methyltransferase in the regulation of T-cell responses in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis". Mol Med. 20: 684–96. doi:10.2119/molmed.2014.00133. PMID 25535034.
  • Liao YJ, Liu SP, Lee CM, Yen CH, Chuang PC, Chen CY, Tsai TF, Huang SF, Lee YH, Chen YM (Feb 2009). "Characterization of a glycine N-methyltransferase gene knockout mouse model for hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications of the gender disparity in liver cancer susceptibility". Int J Cancer. 124 (4): 816–26. PMID 19035462.
  • Yen CH, Lin YT, Chen HL, Chen SY, Chen YM (Jan 2013). "Glycine N-methyltransferase affects the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and blocks its carcinogenic effect". Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 266 (1): 67–75. PMID 23147572.
  • Yen CH, Hung JH, Ueng YF, Liu SP, Chen SY, Liu HH, Chou TY, Tsai TF, Darbha R, Hsieh LL, Chen YM (March 2009). "The multi-functional roles of GNMT in toxicology and cancer". Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 235 (3): 296–304. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.34.21221. PMID 19146867.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  • Chen YM, Shiu JY, Tzeng SJ, Shih LS, Chen YJ, Lui WY, Chen PH (March 1998). "Characterization of glycine-N-methyltransferase-gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma". International Journal of Cancer. 75 (5): 787–93. PMID 9495250.
  • Wagner C, Decha-Umphai W, Corbin J (June 1989). "Phosphorylation modulates the activity of glycine N-methyltransferase, a folate binding protein. In vitro phosphorylation is inhibited by the natural folate ligand". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (16): 9638–42. PMID 2722853.
  • Wagner C, Decha-Umphai W, Corbin J (June 1989). "Phosphorylation modulates the activity of glycine N-methyltransferase, a folate binding protein. In vitro phosphorylation is inhibited by the natural folate ligand". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (16): 9638–42. PMID 2722853.
  • Mudd SH, Ebert MH, Scriver CR (August 1980). "Labile methyl group balances in the human: the role of sarcosine". Metabolism. 29 (8): 707–20. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(80)90192-4. PMID 6157075.
  • Bhat R, Bresnick E (August 1997). "Glycine N-methyltransferase is an example of functional diversity. Role as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-binding receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (34): 21221–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.34.21221. PMID 9261130.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  • Mudd SH, Cerone R, Schiaffino MC, Fantasia AR, Minniti G, Caruso U, Lorini R, Watkins D, Matiaszuk N, Rosenblatt DS, Schwahn B, Rozen R, LeGros L, Kotb M, Capdevila A, Luka Z, Finkelstein JD, Tangerman A, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Wagner C (August 2001). "Glycine N-methyltransferase deficiency: a novel inborn error causing persistent isolated hypermethioninaemia". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 24 (4): 448–64. doi:10.1023/A:1010577512912. PMID 11596649.
  • Luka Z, Cerone R, Phillips JA, Mudd HS, Wagner C (January 2002). "Mutations in human glycine N-methyltransferase give insights into its role in methionine metabolism". Human Genetics. 110 (1): 68–74. doi:10.1007/s00439-001-0648-4. PMID 11810299.
  • Tseng TL, Shih YP, Huang YC, Wang CK, Chen PH, Chang JG, Yeh KT, Chen YM, Buetow KH (February 2003). "Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a putative tumor susceptibility gene, GNMT, in liver cancer". Cancer Research. 63 (3): 647–54. PMID 12566309.
  • Møller MT, Samari HR, Fengsrud M, Strømhaug PE, øStvold AC, Seglen PO (July 2003). "Okadaic acid-induced, naringin-sensitive phosphorylation of glycine N-methyltransferase in isolated rat hepatocytes". The Biochemical Journal. 373 (Pt 2): 505–13. doi:10.1042/BJ20030502. PMC 1223502. PMID 12697024.
  • Luka Z, Wagner C (December 2003). "Effect of naturally occurring mutations in human glycine N-methyltransferase on activity and conformation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 312 (4): 1067–72. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.037. PMID 14651980.
  • Augoustides-Savvopoulou P, Luka Z, Karyda S, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Patsiaoura K, Wagner C, Mudd SH (2004). "Glycine N -methyltransferase deficiency: a new patient with a novel mutation". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 26 (8): 745–59. doi:10.1023/B:BOLI.0000009978.17777.33. PMID 14739680.
  • Beagle B, Yang TL, Hung J, Cogger EA, Moriarty DJ, Caudill MA (December 2005). "The glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) 1289 C->T variant influences plasma total homocysteine concentrations in young women after restricting folate intake". The Journal of Nutrition. 135 (12): 2780–5. PMID 16317120.
  • Luka Z, Pakhomova S, Luka Y, Newcomer ME, Wagner C (September 2007). "Destabilization of human glycine N-methyltransferase by H176N mutation". Protein Science. 16 (9): 1957–64. doi:10.1110/ps.072921507. PMC 2206963. PMID 17660255.
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