Genomic counseling: Difference between revisions
m →Further reading: Remove blank line(s) between list items per WP:LISTGAP to fix an accessibility issue for users of screen readers. Do WP:GENFIXES and cleanup if needed. Discuss this at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Accessibility#LISTGAP |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
The need for genomic counseling is currently driven by [[personal genomics]] companies, including [[23andMe]], [[Navigenics]], [[Mapmygenome.in]], [[deCODEme]], and [[Pathway Genomics]]. Given the wealth and complexity of genomic information obtained by personal genomics tests, genomic counseling can require expertise from a wide range of experts, including physicians, geneticists, molecular biologists, evolutionary biologists, population geneticists, statisticians, or bioinformaticians. Access of consumers to complete personal genomes through cheap [[full genome sequencing]] is likely to exacerbate this problem in the near future.<ref>Hayden, E: "Genome sequencing: the third generation", ''Nature'', 12 February 2009;457(7231):768-9</ref> There are currently not enough clinical geneticists to help patients interpret whole-genome sequencing results regarding health-relevant information, and research shows that primary-care physicians lack the knowledge and expertise to help patients understand even single-gene genetic test results.<ref>Guttmacher AE, McGuire AL, Ponder B and Stefansson K: "Personalized genomic information: preparing for the future of genetic medicine", ''Nature Reviews Genetics'' 11, 2010 Feb;161-165</ref><ref>Guttmacher AE, Porteous ME, McInerney, JD: "Educating health care professionals about genetics and genomics", ''Nature Reviews Genetics'' 8, 2007;151-157</ref> |
The need for genomic counseling is currently driven by [[personal genomics]] companies, including [[23andMe]], [[Navigenics]], [[Mapmygenome.in]], [[deCODEme]], and [[Pathway Genomics]]. Given the wealth and complexity of genomic information obtained by personal genomics tests, genomic counseling can require expertise from a wide range of experts, including physicians, geneticists, molecular biologists, evolutionary biologists, population geneticists, statisticians, or bioinformaticians. Access of consumers to complete personal genomes through cheap [[full genome sequencing]] is likely to exacerbate this problem in the near future.<ref>Hayden, E: "Genome sequencing: the third generation", ''Nature'', 12 February 2009;457(7231):768-9</ref> There are currently not enough clinical geneticists to help patients interpret whole-genome sequencing results regarding health-relevant information, and research shows that primary-care physicians lack the knowledge and expertise to help patients understand even single-gene genetic test results.<ref>Guttmacher AE, McGuire AL, Ponder B and Stefansson K: "Personalized genomic information: preparing for the future of genetic medicine", ''Nature Reviews Genetics'' 11, 2010 Feb;161-165</ref><ref>Guttmacher AE, Porteous ME, McInerney, JD: "Educating health care professionals about genetics and genomics", ''Nature Reviews Genetics'' 8, 2007;151-157</ref> |
||
== Virtual genomic counseling == |
|||
Telegenetics is “videoconferencing for clinical genetics services” and is becoming an “increasingly utilized method of delivering genetic counseling to rural areas”.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zilliacus|first=Elvira|last2=Meiser|first2=Bettina|last3=Lobb|first3=Elizabeth|last4=Dudding|first4=Tracey E.|last5=Barlow-Stewart|first5=Kristine|last6=Tucker|first6=Katherine|date=2010-04-01|title=The virtual consultation: practitioners' experiences of genetic counseling by videoconferencing in Australia|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20406122|journal=Telemedicine Journal and E-Health: The Official Journal of the American Telemedicine Association|volume=16|issue=3|pages=350–357|doi=10.1089/tmj.2009.0108|issn=1556-3669|pmid=20406122}}</ref> |
|||
=== Benefits of virtual genomic counseling === |
|||
Direct to consumer genetic testing (DTC GT) frequently utilizes telegenetics regardless of the client’s “geographical location or ability to attend face-to-face sessions”.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Harris|first=Anna|last2=Kelly|first2=Susan E.|last3=Wyatt|first3=Sally|date=2016-12-05|title=Counseling Customers: Emerging Roles for Genetic Counselors in the Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Market|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597267/|journal=Journal of Genetic Counseling|volume=22|issue=2|pages=277–288|doi=10.1007/s10897-012-9548-0|issn=1059-7700|pmc=3597267|pmid=23093333}}</ref> |
|||
=== Licensure as the primary barrier of virtual genomic counseling === |
|||
Licensure poses a conflict for the provision of virtual genomic counseling. Medical practitioners are typically licensed to practice in the state in which they reside. In order to practice across state borders, the practitioner must apply for licensure in that state as well. Obtaining multiple licenses is costly and time consuming for practitioners who often don’t want to deal with the hoops required to become duly licensed. Providers that do offer telemedicine or telegenetics services to out-of-state clients face “civil and criminal sanctions for practicing medicine without a license”. Due to the limitation that licensure poses, clients who require the service of medical geneticists but live in a state with no licensed practitioners are required to travel to nearby states or go without the service.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nccrcg.org/NCCRCG/Resources/Telegenetics_Resources/NCCRCG/Resources/Telegenetics_Resource.aspx?hkey=3cdf5983-439d-49fd-9be7-1919ed05b815|title=Impediments and Solutions to Telegenetics Practice: Meeting Report|last=|first=|date=|website=National Coordinating Center for the Regional Genetic Services Collaboratives|publisher=American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics|access-date=December 5, 2016}}</ref> |
|||
==Notes== |
==Notes== |
||
Revision as of 06:29, 5 December 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
Genomic counseling is the process by which a person gets informed about his or her genome. In contrast to genetic counseling, which focuses on Mendelian diseases and typically involves person-to-person communication with a medical genetics expert, genomic counseling is not limited to currently clinically relevant information and includes other genomic information that is of interest for the informed person, such as increased risk for complex disease (for example diabetes or obesity), genetically determined non-disease related traits (for example baldness), or genetic genealogy data. Given the less sensitive nature of this information, genomic advice can be given impersonally, for example over the internet (virtual genomic counseling).
The need for genomic counseling is currently driven by personal genomics companies, including 23andMe, Navigenics, Mapmygenome.in, deCODEme, and Pathway Genomics. Given the wealth and complexity of genomic information obtained by personal genomics tests, genomic counseling can require expertise from a wide range of experts, including physicians, geneticists, molecular biologists, evolutionary biologists, population geneticists, statisticians, or bioinformaticians. Access of consumers to complete personal genomes through cheap full genome sequencing is likely to exacerbate this problem in the near future.[1] There are currently not enough clinical geneticists to help patients interpret whole-genome sequencing results regarding health-relevant information, and research shows that primary-care physicians lack the knowledge and expertise to help patients understand even single-gene genetic test results.[2][3]
Virtual genomic counseling
Telegenetics is “videoconferencing for clinical genetics services” and is becoming an “increasingly utilized method of delivering genetic counseling to rural areas”.[4]
Benefits of virtual genomic counseling
Direct to consumer genetic testing (DTC GT) frequently utilizes telegenetics regardless of the client’s “geographical location or ability to attend face-to-face sessions”.[5]
Licensure as the primary barrier of virtual genomic counseling
Licensure poses a conflict for the provision of virtual genomic counseling. Medical practitioners are typically licensed to practice in the state in which they reside. In order to practice across state borders, the practitioner must apply for licensure in that state as well. Obtaining multiple licenses is costly and time consuming for practitioners who often don’t want to deal with the hoops required to become duly licensed. Providers that do offer telemedicine or telegenetics services to out-of-state clients face “civil and criminal sanctions for practicing medicine without a license”. Due to the limitation that licensure poses, clients who require the service of medical geneticists but live in a state with no licensed practitioners are required to travel to nearby states or go without the service.[6]
Notes
- ^ Hayden, E: "Genome sequencing: the third generation", Nature, 12 February 2009;457(7231):768-9
- ^ Guttmacher AE, McGuire AL, Ponder B and Stefansson K: "Personalized genomic information: preparing for the future of genetic medicine", Nature Reviews Genetics 11, 2010 Feb;161-165
- ^ Guttmacher AE, Porteous ME, McInerney, JD: "Educating health care professionals about genetics and genomics", Nature Reviews Genetics 8, 2007;151-157
- ^ Zilliacus, Elvira; Meiser, Bettina; Lobb, Elizabeth; Dudding, Tracey E.; Barlow-Stewart, Kristine; Tucker, Katherine (1 April 2010). "The virtual consultation: practitioners' experiences of genetic counseling by videoconferencing in Australia". Telemedicine Journal and E-Health: The Official Journal of the American Telemedicine Association. 16 (3): 350–357. doi:10.1089/tmj.2009.0108. ISSN 1556-3669. PMID 20406122.
- ^ Harris, Anna; Kelly, Susan E.; Wyatt, Sally (5 December 2016). "Counseling Customers: Emerging Roles for Genetic Counselors in the Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing Market". Journal of Genetic Counseling. 22 (2): 277–288. doi:10.1007/s10897-012-9548-0. ISSN 1059-7700. PMC 3597267. PMID 23093333.
- ^ "Impediments and Solutions to Telegenetics Practice: Meeting Report". National Coordinating Center for the Regional Genetic Services Collaboratives. American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
Further reading
- Clarke A. and Thirlaway K., "'Genomic counseling'? Genetic counseling in the genomic era", Genome Medicine 3:7, 2011.
- Sweet K and Michaelis R. "The Busy Physician's Guide to Genetics, Genomics and Personalized Medicine". SpringerLink Scientific Press. May, 2011.