Gibbus deformity: Difference between revisions
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'''Gibbus deformity''' is a form of structural [[kyphosis]] typically found in the upper [[lumbar]] and lower [[thoracic vertebrae]], where one or more adjacent vertebrae become wedged. Gibbus deformity most often develops in young children as a result of spinal [[tuberculosis]] and is the result of collapse of [[vertebra]]l bodies.<ref>Kasper D.L. et al., Harrisons principles of internal medicine, 16.ed, 2005 p.958</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Batirel|first=A.|last2=Erdem|first2=H.|last3=Sengoz|first3=G.|last4=Pehlivanoglu|first4=F.|last5=Ramosaco|first5=E.|last6=Gülsün|first6=S.|last7=Tekin|first7=R.|last8=Mete|first8=B.|last9=Balkan|first9=İ.İ.|title=The course of spinal tuberculosis (Pott disease): results of the multinational, multicentre Backbone-2 study|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1198743X15007302|journal=Clinical Microbiology and Infection|volume=21|issue=11|pages=1008.e9–1008.e18|doi=10.1016/j.cmi.2015.07.013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Garg|first=Ravindra Kumar|last2=Somvanshi|first2=Dilip Singh|date=2011-09-01|title=Spinal tuberculosis: A review|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/2045772311Y.0000000023|journal=The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine|volume=34|issue=5|pages=440–454|doi=10.1179/2045772311y.0000000023|issn=1079-0268|pmid=22118251}}</ref> This can in turn lead to spinal cord compression causing [[paraplegia]].<ref>Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine, 20th Ed, 2006.</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ghandi|first=Mehak|last2=Aycock|first2=Ryan D.|last3=Berwald|first3=Nicole|last4=Hahn|first4=Barry|title=Gibbus Deformity|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0736467915003418|journal=The Journal of Emergency Medicine|volume=49|issue=3|pages=340–341|doi=10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.04.004}}</ref> |
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In addition to tuberculosis, other possible causes of gibbus deformity include pathological diseases, hereditary and congenital conditions, and physical trauma to the spine that results in injury. Gibbus deformity may result from the sail vertebrae associated with [[cretinism]], the childhood form of [[ |
In addition to tuberculosis, other possible causes of gibbus deformity include pathological diseases, hereditary and congenital conditions, and physical trauma to the spine that results in injury.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yaman|first=Onur|last2=Dalbayrak|first2=Sedat|title=Kyphosis and review of the literature|url=http://www.turkishneurosurgery.org.tr/summary_en_doi.php3?doi=10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.8940-13.0|journal=Turkish Neurosurgery|language=English|volume=24|issue=4|doi=10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.8940-13.0|issn=1019-5149}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-30361-8_3|title=Abnormal Skeletal Phenotypes|last=Castriota-Scanderbeg|first=Alessandro|date=2005|publisher=Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg|isbn=3540303618|pages=167–232|language=en|doi=10.1007/3-540-30361-8_3}}</ref> Gibbus deformity may result from the sail vertebrae associated with [[cretinism]], the childhood form of [[hypothyroidism]], and certain congenital syndromes, including [[achondroplasia]]. |
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Gibbus deformity is included in a subset of structural kyphosis that is distinguished by a higher-degree angle in the spinal curve that is specific to these forms of kyphosis. Other conditions within this subset include [[Pott disease|Pott’s disease]] and [[Scheuermann's disease|Scheuermann kyphosis]], but gibbus deformity is marked by an especially sharp angle. Viewed from behind, the resulting [[hunchback]] is more easily seen when bending forward. |
Gibbus deformity is included in a subset of structural kyphosis that is distinguished by a higher-degree angle in the spinal curve that is specific to these forms of kyphosis. Other conditions within this subset include [[Pott disease|Pott’s disease]] and [[Scheuermann's disease|Scheuermann kyphosis]], but gibbus deformity is marked by an especially sharp angle. Viewed from behind, the resulting [[hunchback]] is more easily seen when bending forward. |
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Revision as of 23:25, 15 November 2017
Gibbus deformity is a form of structural kyphosis typically found in the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, where one or more adjacent vertebrae become wedged. Gibbus deformity most often develops in young children as a result of spinal tuberculosis and is the result of collapse of vertebral bodies.[1][2][3] This can in turn lead to spinal cord compression causing paraplegia.[4][5]
In addition to tuberculosis, other possible causes of gibbus deformity include pathological diseases, hereditary and congenital conditions, and physical trauma to the spine that results in injury.[6][7] Gibbus deformity may result from the sail vertebrae associated with cretinism, the childhood form of hypothyroidism, and certain congenital syndromes, including achondroplasia.
Gibbus deformity is included in a subset of structural kyphosis that is distinguished by a higher-degree angle in the spinal curve that is specific to these forms of kyphosis. Other conditions within this subset include Pott’s disease and Scheuermann kyphosis, but gibbus deformity is marked by an especially sharp angle. Viewed from behind, the resulting hunchback is more easily seen when bending forward.
References
- ^ Kasper D.L. et al., Harrisons principles of internal medicine, 16.ed, 2005 p.958
- ^ Batirel, A.; Erdem, H.; Sengoz, G.; Pehlivanoglu, F.; Ramosaco, E.; Gülsün, S.; Tekin, R.; Mete, B.; Balkan, İ.İ. "The course of spinal tuberculosis (Pott disease): results of the multinational, multicentre Backbone-2 study". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 21 (11): 1008.e9–1008.e18. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2015.07.013.
- ^ Garg, Ravindra Kumar; Somvanshi, Dilip Singh (2011-09-01). "Spinal tuberculosis: A review". The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. 34 (5): 440–454. doi:10.1179/2045772311y.0000000023. ISSN 1079-0268. PMID 22118251.
- ^ Davidson's Principles and Practice of Medicine, 20th Ed, 2006.
- ^ Ghandi, Mehak; Aycock, Ryan D.; Berwald, Nicole; Hahn, Barry. "Gibbus Deformity". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 49 (3): 340–341. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2015.04.004.
- ^ Yaman, Onur; Dalbayrak, Sedat. "Kyphosis and review of the literature". Turkish Neurosurgery. 24 (4). doi:10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.8940-13.0. ISSN 1019-5149.
- ^ Castriota-Scanderbeg, Alessandro (2005). Abnormal Skeletal Phenotypes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 167–232. doi:10.1007/3-540-30361-8_3. ISBN 3540303618.
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