Conference of the Three Internationals: Difference between revisions
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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The Vienna International had been founded on February 27, 1921, uniting left-wing [[social democratic]] parties. Friedrich Adler of the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria]] (SPÖ) was appointed secretary, something which reinforced the influence of [[Austromarxism]] amongst the adherents.<ref name="Wandycz">{{cite book|last1=Wandycz|first1=Piotr Stefan|title=Ideology, Politics, and Diplomacy in East Central Europe|date=2003|publisher=University Rochester Press|isbn=9781580461375|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fhK5QebocBkC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=%22Vienna+Union%22+Austromarxism&source=bl&ots=apmk8luclG&sig=EOodDgWvf87OsEayiIE1Wb3-NUc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj-zOCY2LbYAhXDAcAKHZmfCYIQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&q=%22Vienna%20Union%22%20Austromarxism&f=false|accessdate=1 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> |
The Vienna International had been founded on February 27, 1921, uniting left-wing [[social democratic]] parties. Friedrich Adler of the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria]] (SPÖ) was appointed secretary, something which reinforced the influence of [[Austromarxism]] amongst the adherents.<ref name="Wandycz">{{cite book|last1=Wandycz|first1=Piotr Stefan|title=Ideology, Politics, and Diplomacy in East Central Europe|date=2003|publisher=University Rochester Press|isbn=9781580461375|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=fhK5QebocBkC&pg=PA103&lpg=PA103&dq=%22Vienna+Union%22+Austromarxism&source=bl&ots=apmk8luclG&sig=EOodDgWvf87OsEayiIE1Wb3-NUc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj-zOCY2LbYAhXDAcAKHZmfCYIQ6AEINzAC#v=onepage&q=%22Vienna%20Union%22%20Austromarxism&f=false|accessdate=1 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> |
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The Berne International agreed to attend on condition that three issues were added to the agenda: Georgia, socialist prisoners in Russia and the role of Communist cells in the social democratic trade unions.<ref name="Jansen">{{cite book|last1=Jansen|first1=M.|title=A Show Trial Under Lenin: The Trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries, Moscow 1922|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9789400976061|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mPznCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31&dq=Georgia+%22conference+of+the+Three+Internationals%22&source=bl&ots=yXFGl__Gc-&sig=M3HKvCabJnEVrbccLHltFsdqx5k&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjl-ZPf8d_YAhWDDcAKHTxcAA4Q6AEINjAD#v=onepage&q=Georgia%20%22conference%20of%20the%20Three%20Internationals%22&f=false|accessdate=17 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> |
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==Attendees== |
==Attendees== |
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Revision as of 11:56, 18 January 2018
The Conference of the Three Internationals took place in Berlin between 2–6 April 1922. The three internationals were the International Socialist Commission or Berne International, International Working Union of Socialist Parties (also known as the Vienna International or the 2½ International) and the Communist International or 3rd International.
Background
The Vienna International had been founded on February 27, 1921, uniting left-wing social democratic parties. Friedrich Adler of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) was appointed secretary, something which reinforced the influence of Austromarxism amongst the adherents.[1]
The Berne International agreed to attend on condition that three issues were added to the agenda: Georgia, socialist prisoners in Russia and the role of Communist cells in the social democratic trade unions.[2]
Attendees
The attendees sat around a T-shaped table with the 2½ International occupying the cross piece, with the 2nd and 3rd internationals facing one another.[3]
2nd International
- Emile Vandervelde (Belgium)
- Ramsay MacDonald (United Kingdom)
- Irakli Tsereteli (Georgia)
- Otto Wels (Germany)
2½ International
- Friedrich Adler (Austria)
- Arthur Crispien (Germany)
- Alexandre Marie Desrousseaux (France)
- Julius Martov (Russia)
- Fyodor Dan (Russia)
- Raphael Abramovitch (Russia)
3rd International
- Clara Zetkin (Germany)
- Nikolai Bukharin (Soviet Union)
- Karl Radek (Soviet Union)
- Voja Vuyović (Yugoslavia)
References
- ^ Wandycz, Piotr Stefan (2003). Ideology, Politics, and Diplomacy in East Central Europe. University Rochester Press. ISBN 9781580461375. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
- ^ Jansen, M. (2012). A Show Trial Under Lenin: The Trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries, Moscow 1922. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789400976061. Retrieved 17 January 2018.
- ^ Broué, Pierre (2006). The German Revolution, 1917-1923. Haymarket Books. ISBN 9781931859325. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
- The Second and Third Internationals and the Vienna Union (Official Report) London: The Labour Publishing Company 1922