Gymnorhamphichthys: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
{{Taxobox |
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| name = '''''Gymnorhamphichthys''''' |
| name = '''''Gymnorhamphichthys''''' |
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| image = Gymnorhamphichthys hypostomus.jpg |
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| regnum = [[Animalia]] |
| regnum = [[Animalia]] |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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'''''Gymnorhamphichthys''''' is a [[genus]] of [[sand knifefish]]es found in the [[Amazon basin|Amazon]], [[Araguaia River|Araguaia]], [[Orinoco]] and [[Río de la Plata Basin|Río de la Plata]] basins in [[South America]]. They inhabit both small streams and large rivers, but usually over a sandy bottom.<ref name=Nijssen1976>{{cite journal| author1=Nijssen, H. | author2=I.J.H. Isbrücker | author3=J. Géry | year=1976 | title=On the species of Gymnorhamphichthys Ellis, 1912, translucent sand-dwelling Gymnotid fishes from South America (Pisces, Cypriniformes, Gymnotoidei) | journal=Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment | volume=11 | issue=1-2 | pages=37-63 | doi=10.1080/01650527609360496 }}</ref><ref name=Carvalho2011>{{cite journal| author1=Carvalho, T.P. | author2=C.S. Ramos | author3=J.S. Albert | year=2011 | title=A New Species of Gymnorhamphichthys (Gymnotiformes: Rhamphichthyidae) from the Paraná–Paraguay Basin | journal=Copeia | volume=2011 | issue=3 | pages=400–406 }}</ref> During the night they swim head-down over the sandy bottom to locate small invertebrate prey and during the day they rest buried under the sand.<ref name=Zuanon2006>{{cite journal| author1=Zuanon, J. | author2=F.A. Bockmann | author3=I. Sazima | year=2006 | title=A remarkable sand-dwelling fish assemblage from central Amazonia, with comments on the evolution of psammophily in South American freshwater fishes | journal=Neotrop. ichthyol. | volume=4 | issue=1 | doi=10.1590/S1679-62252006000100012 }}</ref> |
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'''''Gymnorhamphichthys''''' is a [[genus]] of [[sand knifefish]]es found in [[tropical]] [[South America]]. There are currently six described species in this genus. |
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They are generally very pale, almost whitish, light silvery, light yellowish or semi-translucent, and have a pattern of dark bars/spots or a dark line along the side of the body. Their snout is relatively long, thin and tubular snout.<ref name=Nijssen1976/><ref name=Carvalho2011/> ''Gymnorhamphichthys'' are small knifefish with the largest species reaching up to about {{convert|23|cm|in|abbr=on}} in total length.<ref name=Zuanon2006/> |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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* ''[[Gymnorhamphichthys bogardusi]]'' <small>[[John Graham Lundberg|Lundberg]], 2005</small> |
* ''[[Gymnorhamphichthys bogardusi]]'' <small>[[John Graham Lundberg|Lundberg]], 2005</small> |
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* ''[[Gymnorhamphichthys britskii]]'' <small>[[Tiago Pinto Carvalho|T. P. Carvalho]], [[Cristiane do Socorro Ramos|C. S. Ramos]] & [[James S. Albert|Albert]], 2011</small> |
* ''[[Gymnorhamphichthys britskii]]'' <small>[[Tiago Pinto Carvalho|T. P. Carvalho]], [[Cristiane do Socorro Ramos|C. S. Ramos]] & [[James S. Albert|Albert]], 2011</small> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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Revision as of 23:01, 8 May 2018
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| Genus: | Gymnorhamphichthys M. M. Ellis, 1912
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Gymnorhamphichthys is a genus of sand knifefishes found in the Amazon, Araguaia, Orinoco and Río de la Plata basins in South America. They inhabit both small streams and large rivers, but usually over a sandy bottom.[1][2] During the night they swim head-down over the sandy bottom to locate small invertebrate prey and during the day they rest buried under the sand.[3]
They are generally very pale, almost whitish, light silvery, light yellowish or semi-translucent, and have a pattern of dark bars/spots or a dark line along the side of the body. Their snout is relatively long, thin and tubular snout.[1][2] Gymnorhamphichthys are small knifefish with the largest species reaching up to about 23 cm (9.1 in) in total length.[3]
Species
There are currently six recognized species in this genus:[4]
- Gymnorhamphichthys bogardusi Lundberg, 2005
- Gymnorhamphichthys britskii T. P. Carvalho, C. S. Ramos & Albert, 2011
- Gymnorhamphichthys hypostomus M. M. Ellis, 1912
- Gymnorhamphichthys petiti Géry & T. T. Vu, 1964
- Gymnorhamphichthys rondoni (A. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920)
- Gymnorhamphichthys rosamariae Schwassmann, 1989
References
- ^ a b Nijssen, H.; I.J.H. Isbrücker; J. Géry (1976). "On the species of Gymnorhamphichthys Ellis, 1912, translucent sand-dwelling Gymnotid fishes from South America (Pisces, Cypriniformes, Gymnotoidei)". Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment. 11 (1–2): 37–63. doi:10.1080/01650527609360496.
- ^ a b Carvalho, T.P.; C.S. Ramos; J.S. Albert (2011). "A New Species of Gymnorhamphichthys (Gymnotiformes: Rhamphichthyidae) from the Paraná–Paraguay Basin". Copeia. 2011 (3): 400–406.
- ^ a b Zuanon, J.; F.A. Bockmann; I. Sazima (2006). "A remarkable sand-dwelling fish assemblage from central Amazonia, with comments on the evolution of psammophily in South American freshwater fishes". Neotrop. ichthyol. 4 (1). doi:10.1590/S1679-62252006000100012.
- ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Gymnorhamphichthys in FishBase. December 2017 version.
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