Cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease: Difference between revisions
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=== Retinal pigment epithelium === |
=== Retinal pigment epithelium === |
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The [[Retinal pigment epithelium|retinal pigment epithelium]] (RPE) is a single layer of [[melanin]] containing cells located between the [[Retina|neural retina]] and the [[choroid]]. Retinal pigment epithelial cells synthesize dopamine and secrete the neurotrophic factors [[Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor|glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)]] and [[Brain-derived neurotrophic factor|brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF)]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ming|first=Ming|last2=Li|first2=Xuping|last3=Fan|first3=Xiaolan|last4=Yang|first4=Dehua|last5=Li|first5=Liang|last6=Chen|first6=Sheng|last7=Gu|first7=Qing|last8=Le|first8=Weidong|date=2009-06-28|title=Retinal pigment epithelial cells secrete neurotrophic factors and synthesize dopamine: possible contribution to therapeutic effects of RPE cell transplantation in Parkinson's disease|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19558709|journal=Journal of Translational Medicine|volume=7|pages=53|doi=10.1186/1479-5876-7-53|issn=1479-5876|pmc=PMC2709608|pmid=19558709}}</ref> |
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The [[Retinal pigment epithelium|retinal pigment epithelium]] (RPE) is a single layer of [[melanin]] containing cells located between the [[Retina|neural retina]] and the [[choroid]]. |
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=== Stem cells === |
=== Stem cells === |
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Revision as of 01:48, 12 February 2019
Introduction
Cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease include the the transplantation of cells into the brain of Parkinson's disease patients. The investigation of cell transplantation therapies followed the 1960's discovery that the dopamine precursor levodopa could significantly alleviate motor symptoms such as bradykinesia and rigidity. Thus cell transplantation has focused on various dopamine producing cells throughout the body, these include chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue, glomus cells of the carotid body and stem cells.[1]
List of cell-based sources
- adrenal medulla
- carotid body
- human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue
- porcine fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue
- retinal pigment epithelium
- embryonic stem cells
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- expanded neural precursor cells
- induced neurons
Fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue
Human
Porcine
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla
Glomus cells of the carotid body
The carotid body is a group of chemoreceptor cells located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. It includes two populations of cells; glomus (type I) cells and sustentacular (type II) cells. Glomus cells are derived from the neural crest and secrete dopamine in response to hypoxemia (low level of oxygen in the blood).[2] Based on their ability to secrete dopamine and also glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)[3], these cells have been investigated as an intrastriatal autograft for patients with Parkinson's disease. [4][5] A clinical trial exploring this initially showed motor benefits, unfortunately these benefits disappeared after 6-12 months, in correlation with poor survival of the grafted cells.[6]
Retinal pigment epithelium
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a single layer of melanin containing cells located between the neural retina and the choroid. Retinal pigment epithelial cells synthesize dopamine and secrete the neurotrophic factors glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF).[7]
Stem cells
References
- ^ Barker, Roger A.; Drouin-Ouellet, Janelle; Parmar, Malin (September 2015). "Cell-based therapies for Parkinson disease—past insights and future potential". Nature Reviews Neurology. 11 (9): 492–503. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.123. ISSN 1759-4758.
- ^ Iturriaga, R.; Alcayaga, J.; Gonzalez, C. (2009), Gonzalez, Constancio; Nurse, Colin A.; Peers, Chris (eds.), "Neurotransmitters in Carotid Body Function: The Case of Dopamine – Invited Article", Arterial Chemoreceptors, vol. 648, Springer Netherlands, pp. 137–143, doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2259-2_16, ISBN 9789048122585, retrieved 2019-02-11
- ^ Villadiego, Javier; Méndez-Ferrer, Simón; Valdés-Sánchez, Teresa; Silos-Santiago, Inmaculada; Fariñas, Isabel; López-Barneo, José; Toledo-Aral, Juan J. (2005-04-20). "Selective glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor production in adult dopaminergic carotid body cells in situ and after intrastriatal transplantation". The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 25 (16): 4091–4098. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4312-04.2005. ISSN 1529-2401. PMID 15843611.
- ^ Arjona, Ventura; Mínguez-Castellanos, Adolfo; Montoro, Rafael J.; Ortega, Angel; Escamilla, Francisco; Toledo-Aral, Juan José; Pardal, Ricardo; Méndez-Ferrer, Simón; Martín, José M. (August 2003). "Autotransplantation of human carotid body cell aggregates for treatment of Parkinson's disease" (PDF). Neurosurgery. 53 (2): 321–328, discussion 328–330. ISSN 0148-396X. PMID 12925247.
- ^ Espejo, Emilio F; Montoro, Rafael J; Armengol, José A; López-Barneo, José (February 1998). "Cellular and Functional Recovery of Parkinsonian Rats after Intrastriatal Transplantation of Carotid Body Cell Aggregates". Neuron. 20 (2): 197–206. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80449-3.
- ^ Mínguez‐Castellanos, Adolfo; Escamilla‐Sevilla, Francisco; Hotton, Gary R; Toledo‐Aral, Juan J; Ortega‐Moreno, Ángel; Méndez‐Ferrer, Simón; Martín‐Linares, José M; Katati, Majed J; Mir, Pablo (August 2007). "Carotid body autotransplantation in Parkinson disease: a clinical and positron emission tomography study". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 78 (8): 825–831. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.106021. ISSN 0022-3050. PMC 2117739. PMID 17220289.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) - ^ Ming, Ming; Li, Xuping; Fan, Xiaolan; Yang, Dehua; Li, Liang; Chen, Sheng; Gu, Qing; Le, Weidong (2009-06-28). "Retinal pigment epithelial cells secrete neurotrophic factors and synthesize dopamine: possible contribution to therapeutic effects of RPE cell transplantation in Parkinson's disease". Journal of Translational Medicine. 7: 53. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-7-53. ISSN 1479-5876. PMC 2709608. PMID 19558709.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)