Lábrea fever: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
No edit summary |
Merge to Hepatitis D following 2018 proposal with consensus; historical condition now identified as equivalent; see Talk:Hepatitis D#Merger proposal Tag: New redirect |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
#REDIRECT [[Hepatitis D#Lábrea fever]] {{R from merge}} {{R to section}} |
|||
{{Mergeto|Hepatitis D|discuss=Talk:Hepatitis_D#Merger_proposal|date=February 2018}} |
|||
{{Infobox medical condition (new) |
|||
| name = Lábrea fever |
|||
| synonyms = Lábrea's black fever, Lábrea hepatitis, Santa Marta fever |
|||
| image = |
|||
| alt = |
|||
| caption = |
|||
| pronounce = |
|||
| field = [[Infectious disease (medical speciality)|Infectious disease]] |
|||
| symptoms = |
|||
| complications = |
|||
| onset = |
|||
| duration = |
|||
| types = |
|||
| causes = |
|||
| risks = |
|||
| diagnosis = |
|||
| differential = |
|||
| prevention = |
|||
| treatment = |
|||
| medication = |
|||
| prognosis = |
|||
| frequency = |
|||
| deaths = |
|||
}} |
|||
'''Lábrea fever''' is a lethal [[tropical disease|tropical]] [[virus|viral infection]] discovered in the 1950s in the city of [[Lábrea]], in the [[Brazil]]ian [[Amazon basin]], where it occurs mostly in the area south of the [[Amazon River]], in the states of [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas State, Brazil|Amazonas]] and [[Rondônia]] . The disease has also been diagnosed in [[Colombia]] and [[Peru]]. |
|||
Its main manifestation is a [[fulminant]] [[hepatitis]] which may kill in less than a week, and which characteristically affects children and young adults, and more males than females. It is accompanied also by an [[encephalitis]] in many cases. The disease is highly lethal: in a study carried out in 1986 at [[Boca do Acre]], also in the Amazon, 39 patients out of 44 died in the [[Acute (medical)|acute]] phase of the disease.<ref name=Bensabath_1987>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bensabath G, Hadler SC, Soares MC, Fields H, Dias LB, Popper H, Maynard JE | title=Hepatitis delta virus infection and Labrea hepatitis. Prevalence and role in fulminant hepatitis in the Amazon Basin | journal=JAMA | year=1987 | pages=479–83 | volume=258 | issue=4 | pmid=3599343 | doi=10.1001/jama.1987.03400040077025}}</ref> Survivors may develop [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] disease. |
|||
==Signs and symptoms== |
|||
Lábrea fever has a sudden onset, with [[jaundice]] (yellowing of the skin), [[anorexia (symptom)|anorexia]] (lack of appetite), [[hematemesis]] ([[vomiting]] of blood), [[headache]], [[fever]] and severe [[prostration]]. Death occurs by [[acute liver failure]] (ALF). In the last phase, [[neurology|neurological symptoms]] such as agitation, [[delirium]], [[convulsion]]s and hemorrhagic [[coma]] commonly appear. |
|||
==Cause== |
|||
Lábrea fever is a [[coinfection]] or [[superinfection]] of [[hepatitis D]] or delta virus and [[hepatitis B]] (HBV).<ref name=Bensabath_1987 /> The infection by delta virus may occur in a patient who already has the HBV, or both viruses may infect at the same time a previously uninfected patient. Delta virus can only multiply in the presence of HBV, therefore [[vaccination]] against HBV prevents infection. Thus, American and Brazilian scientists have determined that the delta virusa, virus, which is a small circular [[RNA virus]], is normally unable to cause illness by itself, due to a defect. When it is combined with HBV, Lábrea hepatitis may ensue. The main discovery of delta virus and HBV association was done by Dr. [[Gilberta Bensabath]], a leading tropical virologist of the [[Instituto Evandro Chagas]], of [[Belém]], state of [[Pará]], and her collaborators. |
|||
Infected patients show extensive destruction of [[liver]] tissue, with [[steatosis]] of a particular type (microsteatosis, characterized by small fat droplets inside the cells), and infiltration of large numbers of inflammatory cells called ''morula cells'', comprised mainly by [[macrophage]]s containing delta virus [[antigen]]s. |
|||
In the 1987 Boca do Acre study, scientists did an epidemiological survey and reported delta virus infection in 24% of asymptomatic HBV carriers, 29% of acute nonfulminant hepatitis B cases, 74% of fulminant hepatitis B cases, and 100% of chronic hepatitis B cases. The delta virus seems to be [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]] in the Amazon region. |
|||
==Prevention== |
|||
In absence of a specific [[vaccine]] against delta virus, the vaccine against HBV must be given soon after birth in [[risk group]]s. |
|||
==Treatment == |
|||
Treatment is similar to hepatitis B, but due to its high lethality, more aggressive therapeutic approaches are recommended in the acute phase. |
|||
==References== |
|||
{{reflist}} |
|||
* {{cite book | author = Specter SC (Ed.).| title = Viral Hepatitis: Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prevention | edition = | publisher = Humana Press | year = 1999| isbn = 0-89603-424-0 }} |
|||
* {{cite journal | author=da Fonseca JC | title=[Hepatitis fulminant in Brazilian Amazon] | series=37 | journal=Rev Soc Bras Med Trop | year=2004 | pages=93–5 | volume=Suppl 2 | pmid=15586904}} |
|||
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Bensabath G, Soares Mdo C | title=[The evolution of knowledge about viral hepatitis in Amazon region: from epidemiology and etiology to the prophilaxy] | series=37 | journal=Rev Soc Bras Med Trop | year=2004 | pages=14–26 | volume=Suppl 2 | pmid=15586892}} |
|||
* {{cite journal |vauthors=Fonseca JC, Souza RA, Brasil LM, Araujo JR, Ferreira LC | title=Fulminant hepatic failure in children and adolescents in Northern Brazil | journal=Rev Soc Bras Med Trop | year=2004 | pages=67–9 | volume=37 | issue=1 | pmid=15042190 | doi=10.1590/S0037-86822004000100019}} |
|||
==External links== |
|||
{{Medical resources |
|||
| ICD10 = <!--{{ICD10|Xxx.x}}--> |
|||
| ICD9 = <!--{{ICD9|xxx}}--> |
|||
| ICDO = |
|||
| OMIM = |
|||
| DiseasesDB = |
|||
| MedlinePlus = |
|||
| eMedicineSubj = |
|||
| eMedicineTopic = |
|||
| MeSH = |
|||
| GeneReviewsNBK = |
|||
| GeneReviewsName = |
|||
| Orphanet = |
|||
}} |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Labrea fever}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Labrea fever}} |
||
[[Category:Viral diseases]] |
[[Category:Viral diseases]] |
||
Latest revision as of 22:02, 28 April 2019
Redirect to:
- From a merge: This is a redirect from a page that was merged into another page. This redirect was kept in order to preserve the edit history of this page after its content was merged into the content of the target page. Please do not remove the tag that generates this text (unless the need to recreate content on this page has been demonstrated) or delete this page.
- For redirects with substantive page histories that did not result from page merges use {{R with history}} instead.
- To a section: This is a redirect from a topic that does not have its own page to a section of a page on the subject. For redirects to embedded anchors on a page, use {{R to anchor}} instead.