Grigor Cilka: Difference between revisions
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'''Grigor Cilka''' (1875-1919) was an [[Albanians|Albanian]] teacher. In the height of the [[Albanian National Awakening]] he became a teacher at the first Albanian school for girls in [[Korçë]].<ref name="M">{{cite book|last=Myzyri|first=Hysni|title=Pandeli J. Evangjeli, 1859 - 1949: atdhetar dhe burrë shteti i shquar|year=2004|publisher=Albpaper|p=132}}</ref> |
'''Grigor Cilka''' (1875-1919) was an [[Albanians|Albanian]] Protestant reverend<ref name="Walton192"/> and teacher. In the height of the [[Albanian National Awakening]] he became a teacher at the first Albanian school for girls in [[Korçë]].<ref name="M">{{cite book|last=Myzyri|first=Hysni|title=Pandeli J. Evangjeli, 1859 - 1949: atdhetar dhe burrë shteti i shquar|year=2004|publisher=Albpaper|p=132}}</ref> |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Grigor Cilka was born in 1875 in [[Vithkuq]]. The family later moved to [[Bitola|Monastir]].<ref name="M"/> He was educated at missionary schools in Monastir and later Samokov.<ref name="Walton192"/> Cilka went to [[New York City]], [[United States]] to finish his education at the [[Union Theological Seminary (New York City)|Union Theological Seminary]].<ref name="Walton192"/> During his stay in the US, Cilka in 1899 married Katerina Stefanova, a Bulgarian nurse and Protestant from [[Bansko]].<ref name="Walton192"/><ref name="Thanailaki81"/> In the summer following their marriage, they returned, settled in Korçë and dedicated their efforts toward missionary work, teaching and humanitarian activities in surrounding villages.<ref name="Walton192"/><ref name="Thanailaki81"/> After studying [[theology]], Cilka became a member of Korça-based organisations that sought the creation of an Albanian state independent of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name="E">{{cite book|last=Ermenji|first=Abas||title=Vendi që zë Skënderbeu në historinë e Shqipërisë|year=1996|publisher=Çabej|p=237}}</ref> Together with his wife Katerina, Cilka served as teacher at the first Albanian school for girls in Korçë.<ref name="M"/><ref name="Skendi136156">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|pp=136, 156.}}</ref> |
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In 1901, Katerina, pregnant for 6 months, embarked on a regional tour with, and at the invitation of her friend American Protestant missionary Ellen Maria Stone.<ref name="Walton192"/><ref name="Thanailaki81"/> Both were kidnapped by [[Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization]] (IMRO) members who ransomed them for money<ref name="Walton192">{{cite book|last=Walton|first=Andrea|title=Women and Philanthropy in Education=|year=|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=9780253111319|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=5hBbtn2KhjwC&pg=PA182&dq=Gregory+Tsilka&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZhOH0w_joAhWQA3IKHQs1AokQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Gregory%20Tsilka&f=false|pages=192|ref=harv}}</ref><ref name="Thanailaki81">{{cite book|last=Thanailaki|first=Polly|title=Gender Inequalities in Rural European Communities During 19th and Early 20th Century: A Historical Perspective|year=2018|publisher=Springer|isbn=9783319752358|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=WpxPDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81&dq=Grigor+Tsilka&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjEi__IvvjoAhWGzTgGHU-7BBMQ6AEIMjAB#v=onepage&q=Grigor%20Tsilka&f=false|pages=81|ref=harv}}</ref> in what become known internationally as the [[Miss Stone Affair]]. For a short time, Cilka was arrested on unfounded charges of being complicit in the kidnapping.<ref name="Perry104">{{cite book|last=Perry|first=Duncan M.|title=The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893-1903|year=1988|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=9780822308133|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=OTxtAAAAMAAJ&q=Grigor+Tsilka&dq=Grigor+Tsilka&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjEi__IvvjoAhWGzTgGHU-7BBMQ6AEISjAE|pages=104|ref=harv}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In 1908 he was a delegate to the [[Congress of Manastir]], an [[academic conference]] with the goal of standardizing the [[Albanian alphabet]]. He was active in contemporary public discussions over culture and education in Ottoman territories with Albanian populations, and supported in various newspapers the usage of [[Latin script]] to write Albanian.<ref name="E"/> To boost education and intellectual thought among Albanian people, Cilka promoted various literary works known around the world.<ref name="M"/> Cilka served as director of the girls' school, later he was imprisoned by Ottoman authorities and the educational institution closed shortly thereafter in February 1904.<ref name="Skendi137">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=137.}}</ref> In 1906, an Albanian guerilla band assassinated Greek bishop [[Photios of Korytsa|Photios]] and Ottoman authorities unable to arrest the perpetrators, had Cilka and other Korçë Albanian notables involved in the national movement imprisoned, but released soon after.<ref name="Skendi210">{{harvnb|Skendi|1967|p=210.}}</ref> Cilka in 1906 was involved in the establishment of groups geared toward nationalist aims.<ref name="Skendi156">{{cite book|last=Skendi|first=Stavro|title=The Albanian National Awakening|year=1967|location=Princeton|publisher=Princeton University Press|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=8QPWCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR15&dq=The+Albanian+National+Awakening&ots=zGjQbVyql8&sig=xsmbL-yAAtc-ny3v0E4vN87JOBY&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Cilka&f=false|isbn=9781400847761|pages=156.|ref=harv}}</ref> After [[Albanian Declaration of Independence|the declaration of independence]], Cilka moved to [[Bulgaria]] where he died in 1919.<ref name="E"/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 03:54, 21 April 2020
Grigor Cilka (1875-1919) was an Albanian Protestant reverend[1] and teacher. In the height of the Albanian National Awakening he became a teacher at the first Albanian school for girls in Korçë.[2]
Life
Grigor Cilka was born in 1875 in Vithkuq. The family later moved to Monastir.[2] He was educated at missionary schools in Monastir and later Samokov.[1] Cilka went to New York City, United States to finish his education at the Union Theological Seminary.[1] During his stay in the US, Cilka in 1899 married Katerina Stefanova, a Bulgarian nurse and Protestant from Bansko.[1][3] In the summer following their marriage, they returned, settled in Korçë and dedicated their efforts toward missionary work, teaching and humanitarian activities in surrounding villages.[1][3] After studying theology, Cilka became a member of Korça-based organisations that sought the creation of an Albanian state independent of the Ottoman Empire.[4] Together with his wife Katerina, Cilka served as teacher at the first Albanian school for girls in Korçë.[2][5]
In 1901, Katerina, pregnant for 6 months, embarked on a regional tour with, and at the invitation of her friend American Protestant missionary Ellen Maria Stone.[1][3] Both were kidnapped by Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) members who ransomed them for money[1][3] in what become known internationally as the Miss Stone Affair. For a short time, Cilka was arrested on unfounded charges of being complicit in the kidnapping.[6]
In 1908 he was a delegate to the Congress of Manastir, an academic conference with the goal of standardizing the Albanian alphabet. He was active in contemporary public discussions over culture and education in Ottoman territories with Albanian populations, and supported in various newspapers the usage of Latin script to write Albanian.[4] To boost education and intellectual thought among Albanian people, Cilka promoted various literary works known around the world.[2] Cilka served as director of the girls' school, later he was imprisoned by Ottoman authorities and the educational institution closed shortly thereafter in February 1904.[7] In 1906, an Albanian guerilla band assassinated Greek bishop Photios and Ottoman authorities unable to arrest the perpetrators, had Cilka and other Korçë Albanian notables involved in the national movement imprisoned, but released soon after.[8] Cilka in 1906 was involved in the establishment of groups geared toward nationalist aims.[9] After the declaration of independence, Cilka moved to Bulgaria where he died in 1919.[4]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Walton, Andrea. Women and Philanthropy in Education=. Indiana University Press. p. 192. ISBN 9780253111319.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - ^ a b c d Myzyri, Hysni (2004). Pandeli J. Evangjeli, 1859 - 1949: atdhetar dhe burrë shteti i shquar. Albpaper. p. 132.
- ^ a b c d Thanailaki, Polly (2018). Gender Inequalities in Rural European Communities During 19th and Early 20th Century: A Historical Perspective. Springer. p. 81. ISBN 9783319752358.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - ^ a b c Ermenji, Abas (1996). Vendi që zë Skënderbeu në historinë e Shqipërisë. Çabej. p. 237.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|1=(help) - ^ Skendi 1967, pp. 136, 156.
- ^ Perry, Duncan M. (1988). The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893-1903. Duke University Press. p. 104. ISBN 9780822308133.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - ^ Skendi 1967, p. 137.
- ^ Skendi 1967, p. 210.
- ^ Skendi, Stavro (1967). The Albanian National Awakening. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 156. ISBN 9781400847761.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)