Bulbus glandis: Difference between revisions
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{{distinguish|Bulbourethral gland|Bulb of penis}} |
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[[File:Hundepenis beschriftet.jpg|thumb|right|Erect ''bulbus glandis'' (1) in a [[Labrador Retriever]]]] |
[[File:Hundepenis beschriftet.jpg|thumb|right|Erect ''bulbus glandis'' (1) in a [[Labrador Retriever]]]] |
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The '''bulbus glandis''' (also called a '''bulb''' or '''knot''') is an [[erectile tissue]] structure on the [[canine penis|penis of canid mammals]].<ref name="EvansLahunta2013">{{cite book|author1=Howard E. Evans|author2=Alexander de Lahunta|title=Miller's Anatomy of the Dog - E-Book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6eBOAQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=%22bulbus%20glandis%22&f=false|date=7 August 2013|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-26623-9}}</ref><ref name="Long1996">{{cite book|author=Kim Long|title=Wolves: A Wildlife Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/?id=DwcrXurTJpEC&dq=wolf+bulbus+glandis&q=bulbus+glandis#search_anchor|accessdate=10 December 2012|year=1996|publisher=Big Earth Pub|isbn=978-1-55566-158-8}}</ref><ref name="Mech2012">{{cite book|author=L. David Mech|title=Wolf|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KOQZrXvczGMC&pg=PT172&dq=wolf+bulbus+glandis|accessdate=10 December 2012|date=16 May 2012|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-307-81913-0|pages=172–}}</ref><ref name="Corporation2010">{{cite book|author=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|title=Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mTPI_d9fyLAC&pg=PA252&dq=wolf+mating+penis#v=onepage&q=wolf%20mating%20penis&f=false|accessdate=10 December 2012|date=1 September 2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7882-9|pages=252–}}</ref><ref name="Carlson2008">{{cite book|author=Debra A. Carlson|title=Reproductive Biology of the Coyote (Canis Latrans): Integration of Behavior and Physiology|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mlii6rYRFf4C&pg=PA67&dq=bulbus+glandis+coyote#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20coyote&f=false|accessdate=9 February 2013|year=2008|isbn=978-0-549-50315-6|pages=67–}}</ref><ref name="Menino2008">{{cite book|author=H. M. Menino|title=Darwin's Fox and My Coyote|url=https://books.google.com/?id=IqDmr7CMbhEC&pg=PA101&dq=bulbus+glandis+fox#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20fox&f=false|accessdate=9 February 2013|year=2008|publisher=University of Virginia Press|isbn=978-0-8139-2675-9|pages=101–}}</ref> During mating, immediately before ejaculation the tissues swell up to lock (''[[copulatory tie|tie]]'') the male's penis inside the female. The locking is completed by circular muscles just inside the female's vagina; this is called "the knot" tightening thus preventing the male from withdrawing. The circular muscles also contract intermittently, which has the effect of stimulating ejaculation of sperm, followed by prostatic fluid, as well as maintaining the swelling of the penis and therefore the tie, for some time. For domestic dogs the tie may last up to half an hour or more, though usually less.<ref name="Long2006">{{cite book|author=Susan Long|title=Veterinary Genetics and Reproductive Physiology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gre0VUZuhGYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20%22prostatic%20fluid%22%20muscles&f=false|year=2006|publisher=Churchill Livingstone Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7506-8877-2}}</ref> |
The '''bulbus glandis''' (also called a '''bulb''' or '''knot''') is an [[erectile tissue]] structure on the [[canine penis|penis of canid mammals]].<ref name="EvansLahunta2013">{{cite book|author1=Howard E. Evans|author2=Alexander de Lahunta|title=Miller's Anatomy of the Dog - E-Book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6eBOAQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=%22bulbus%20glandis%22&f=false|date=7 August 2013|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-26623-9}}</ref><ref name="Long1996">{{cite book|author=Kim Long|title=Wolves: A Wildlife Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/?id=DwcrXurTJpEC&dq=wolf+bulbus+glandis&q=bulbus+glandis#search_anchor|accessdate=10 December 2012|year=1996|publisher=Big Earth Pub|isbn=978-1-55566-158-8}}</ref><ref name="Mech2012">{{cite book|author=L. David Mech|title=Wolf|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KOQZrXvczGMC&pg=PT172&dq=wolf+bulbus+glandis|accessdate=10 December 2012|date=16 May 2012|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-0-307-81913-0|pages=172–}}</ref><ref name="Corporation2010">{{cite book|author=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|title=Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mTPI_d9fyLAC&pg=PA252&dq=wolf+mating+penis#v=onepage&q=wolf%20mating%20penis&f=false|accessdate=10 December 2012|date=1 September 2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7882-9|pages=252–}}</ref><ref name="Carlson2008">{{cite book|author=Debra A. Carlson|title=Reproductive Biology of the Coyote (Canis Latrans): Integration of Behavior and Physiology|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mlii6rYRFf4C&pg=PA67&dq=bulbus+glandis+coyote#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20coyote&f=false|accessdate=9 February 2013|year=2008|isbn=978-0-549-50315-6|pages=67–}}</ref><ref name="Menino2008">{{cite book|author=H. M. Menino|title=Darwin's Fox and My Coyote|url=https://books.google.com/?id=IqDmr7CMbhEC&pg=PA101&dq=bulbus+glandis+fox#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20fox&f=false|accessdate=9 February 2013|year=2008|publisher=University of Virginia Press|isbn=978-0-8139-2675-9|pages=101–}}</ref> During mating, immediately before ejaculation the tissues swell up to lock (''[[copulatory tie|tie]]'') the male's penis inside the female. The locking is completed by circular muscles just inside the female's vagina; this is called "the knot" tightening thus preventing the male from withdrawing. The circular muscles also contract intermittently, which has the effect of stimulating ejaculation of sperm, followed by prostatic fluid, as well as maintaining the swelling of the penis and therefore the tie, for some time. For domestic dogs the tie may last up to half an hour or more, though usually less.<ref name="Long2006">{{cite book|author=Susan Long|title=Veterinary Genetics and Reproductive Physiology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gre0VUZuhGYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=bulbus%20glandis%20%22prostatic%20fluid%22%20muscles&f=false|year=2006|publisher=Churchill Livingstone Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7506-8877-2}}</ref> |
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The bulbus glandis also occurs in the penises of some pinnipeds, including [[South American fur seal]]s.<ref>http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-736X2012001300013&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es</ref> |
The bulbus glandis also occurs in the penises of some pinnipeds, including [[South American fur seal]]s.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Machado | first=Alex Sander D. | last2=Bas | first2=Le | last3=Miglino | first3=Maria Angélica | last4=Leiser | first4=Rudolf | last5=Papa | first5=Paula de Carvalho | title=Genital morphology of the male South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) and biological implications | journal=Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira | volume=32 | date=1990-01-06 | issn=0100-736X | doi=10.1590/S0100-736X2012001300013 | pages=67–78 | url=http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-736X2012001300013&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es | access-date=2020-06-16}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Mating plug]] |
* [[Mating plug]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 01:40, 16 June 2020
The bulbus glandis (also called a bulb or knot) is an erectile tissue structure on the penis of canid mammals.[1][2][3][4][5][6] During mating, immediately before ejaculation the tissues swell up to lock (tie) the male's penis inside the female. The locking is completed by circular muscles just inside the female's vagina; this is called "the knot" tightening thus preventing the male from withdrawing. The circular muscles also contract intermittently, which has the effect of stimulating ejaculation of sperm, followed by prostatic fluid, as well as maintaining the swelling of the penis and therefore the tie, for some time. For domestic dogs the tie may last up to half an hour or more, though usually less.[7]
The bulbus glandis also occurs in the penises of some pinnipeds, including South American fur seals.[8]
See also
References
- ^ Howard E. Evans; Alexander de Lahunta (7 August 2013). Miller's Anatomy of the Dog - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-26623-9.
- ^ Kim Long (1996). Wolves: A Wildlife Handbook. Big Earth Pub. ISBN 978-1-55566-158-8. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ L. David Mech (16 May 2012). Wolf. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. 172–. ISBN 978-0-307-81913-0. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ Marshall Cavendish Corporation (1 September 2010). Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide. Marshall Cavendish. pp. 252–. ISBN 978-0-7614-7882-9. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ Debra A. Carlson (2008). Reproductive Biology of the Coyote (Canis Latrans): Integration of Behavior and Physiology. pp. 67–. ISBN 978-0-549-50315-6. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ H. M. Menino (2008). Darwin's Fox and My Coyote. University of Virginia Press. pp. 101–. ISBN 978-0-8139-2675-9. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ Susan Long (2006). Veterinary Genetics and Reproductive Physiology. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7506-8877-2.
- ^ Machado, Alex Sander D.; Bas, Le; Miglino, Maria Angélica; Leiser, Rudolf; Papa, Paula de Carvalho (1990-01-06). "Genital morphology of the male South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) and biological implications". Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira. 32: 67–78. doi:10.1590/S0100-736X2012001300013. ISSN 0100-736X. Retrieved 2020-06-16.