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| workplaces = [[Yale University]] <br> [[Northwestern University]]
| workplaces = [[Yale University]] <br> [[Northwestern University]]
| website = [https://www.eng.yale.edu/caolab/ Cao Lab]
| website = [https://www.eng.yale.edu/caolab/ Cao Lab]
| thesis_title = Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
| thesis_url = https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540675204
| thesis_year = 1998
}}
}}


'''Hui W. Cao''' is a Chinese American physicist and the John C. Malone Professor of Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at [[Yale University]]. She is interested in photonic materials and devices. She is a Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]], [[The Optical Society]] and [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].
'''Hui W. Cao''' is a Chinese American physicist and the John C. Malone Professor of Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at [[Yale University]]. She is interested in photonic materials and devices, with a focus on non-conventional lasing systems. She is a Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]], [[The Optical Society]] and [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]].


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==
Cao earned her undergraduate degree in physics at [[Peking University]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=FIP Seminar Series - Dr. Hui Cao, Stanford University {{!}} Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics|url=http://fitzpatrick.duke.edu/about/events/2131|access-date=2020-08-23|website=fitzpatrick.duke.edu}}</ref> She moved to the [[United States]] for her graduate studies, where she joined [[Princeton University]] as a graduate student in aerospace engineering. She moved to [[Stanford University]] to work on applied physics<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Complex Lasers Department of Electrical Engineering|url=https://ee.nd.edu/seminars/complex-lasers|access-date=2020-08-23|website=ee.nd.edu}}</ref>, where she worked on semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics. Her doctoral research was published as a monograph by [[Springer Publishing]].
Cao became interested in physics as a young child, when her father, a professor of physics at [[Peking University]], asked her what travels furthest and fastest.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=StackPath|url=https://www.laserfocusworld.com/optics/article/16547019/future-optics-complex-devices-make-photonics-more-efficient-interview-with-hui-cao|access-date=2020-08-24|website=www.laserfocusworld.com}}</ref> When she learned that the answer was not a train or aeroplane but light; she became fascinated by the discipline of optics.<ref name=":3" /> Cao earned her undergraduate degree in physics at [[Peking University]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=FIP Seminar Series - Dr. Hui Cao, Stanford University {{!}} Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics|url=http://fitzpatrick.duke.edu/about/events/2131|access-date=2020-08-23|website=fitzpatrick.duke.edu}}</ref> She moved to the [[United States]] for her graduate studies, where she joined [[Princeton University]] as a graduate student in aerospace engineering. She has said that she enjoys the [[United States]]' focus on independent, inquisitive thinking.<ref name=":3" /> After completing her master's degree Cao joined [[Stanford University]] as a postgraduate in applied physics. At Stanford she worked on semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics with Yamamoto Yoshihisa. Her doctoral research was published as a monograph by [[Springer Publishing]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Yamamoto|first=Y.|url=https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540675204|title=Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics|last2=Tassone|first2=F.|last3=Cao|first3=H.|date=2000|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-540-67520-4|series=Springer Tracts in Modern Physics|location=Berlin Heidelberg|language=en}}</ref> She continued to work with Yoshihisa, and in 1999 they proposed a novel exciton-polariton [[light-emitting diode]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=US5877509 Quantum well exciton-polariton light emitting diode|url=https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US39069336|access-date=2020-08-24|website=patentscope.wipo.int}}</ref>


== Research and career ==
== Research and career ==
After earning her doctoral degree Cao joined the faculty at [[Northwestern University]].<ref name=":1" /> Here she focussed on [[Random laser|random lasers]], lasers where modes are determined by multiple scattering events. Cao spent 2008 as the [[American Physical Society]] Division of Laser Science Distinguished Traveling Lecturers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Distinguished Traveling Lecturers|url=http://www.aps.org/units/dls/distinguished/lecturers.cfm|access-date=2020-08-23|website=www.aps.org|language=en}}</ref> Later that year she joined [[Yale University]] as a Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering.
After earning her doctoral degree Cao joined the faculty at [[Northwestern University]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Complex Lasers — Department of Electrical Engineering|url=https://ee.nd.edu/seminars/complex-lasers|access-date=2020-08-23|website=ee.nd.edu}}</ref> Whilst she was still interested in [[quantum electrodynamics]], she started to expand her research focus and started a new collaboration with [[Robert Chang]] studying the optical properties of zinc oxide.<ref name=":3" /> At the time, people were interested in creating lasers out of [[zinc oxide]], but struggled as it is difficult to cleave or etch.<ref name=":3" /> Whilst measuring the fluorescence of polycrystalline zinc oxide films Cao observed lasing; an unexpected result given the absence of any cavity. She later attributed this lasing to the random scattering of light within the zinc oxide grains.<ref name=":3" /> Cao switched her research focus to [[Random laser|random lasers]], lasers where modes are determined by multiple scattering events. In conventional lasers, high spatial coherence can result in artefacts such as a speckle, which can compromise full-field imaging.<ref name=":3" /> Random lasers can achieve similar brightnesses to conventional lasers, but achieve low spatial coherence and are much more simple to fabricate: they can even be made using disordered materials.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hogan|first=Melinda Rose and Hank|title=A History of the Laser: 1960 - 2019|url=https://www.photonics.com/Articles/A_History_of_the_Laser_1960_-_2019/a42279|access-date=2020-08-23|website=www.photonics.com}}</ref> Cao spent 2008 as the [[American Physical Society]] Division of Laser Science Distinguished Traveling Lecturers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Distinguished Traveling Lecturers|url=http://www.aps.org/units/dls/distinguished/lecturers.cfm|access-date=2020-08-23|website=www.aps.org|language=en}}</ref> Later that year she joined [[Yale University]] as a Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering.


Her research at [[Yale University]] considers non-conventional lasers (including [[Random laser|random]], chaotic and microcavity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wiersma|first=Diederik|date=2000|title=The smallest random laser|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/35018184|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=406|issue=6792|pages=133–135|doi=10.1038/35018184|issn=0028-0836|via=}}</ref> lasers).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cao|first=Hui|date=2003-07-01|title=Lasing in random media|url=https://doi.org/10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/201|journal=Waves in Random Media|volume=13|issue=3|pages=R1–R39|doi=10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/201|issn=0959-7174}}</ref> Random lasers can achieve similar brightnesses to conventional lasers, but achieve low spatial coherence and can be made using disordered materials.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hogan|first=Melinda Rose and Hank|title=A History of the Laser: 1960 - 2019|url=https://www.photonics.com/Articles/A_History_of_the_Laser_1960_-_2019/a42279|access-date=2020-08-23|website=www.photonics.com}}</ref> Her early research included investigations into the structure of bird feathers and how these could be used as a waveguide to trap near-infrared light.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-05-13|title=New laser is from the birds|url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/new-laser-birds|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Science News|language=en-US}}</ref> She worked with [[A. Douglas Stone]] on a new mathematical theory to model these exciting laser systems.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gupta|first=Abhinav|date=2010-09-01|title=Yale Scientist Recognized for Research on Optics|url=https://www.yalescientific.org/2010/09/yale-scientist-recognized-for-research-on-optics/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Yale Scientific Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Cao and Stone were the first researchers to create an anti-laser; a device in which incoming beams of light interfere with one another and cancel each other out.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Scientists build world's first anti-laser|url=https://phys.org/news/2011-02-scientists-world-anti-laser.html|access-date=2020-08-23|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref> Cao dubbed these devices coherent perfect absorbers (CPAs), and proposed that they can be used as optical switches and radiology.<ref name=":2" /> These CPAs incorporated aligned silicon wafers that act as a loss medium, perfectly trapping incident light waves.<ref name=":2" />
Her research at [[Yale University]] considers non-conventional lasers (including [[Random laser|random]], chaotic and microcavity<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wiersma|first=Diederik|date=2000|title=The smallest random laser|url=http://www.nature.com/articles/35018184|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=406|issue=6792|pages=133–135|doi=10.1038/35018184|issn=0028-0836|via=}}</ref> lasers).<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cao|first=Hui|date=2003-07-01|title=Lasing in random media|url=https://doi.org/10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/201|journal=Waves in Random Media|volume=13|issue=3|pages=R1–R39|doi=10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/201|issn=0959-7174}}</ref> She applied her understanding of random lasing systems to the design of novel sources for speckle-free imaging. Her early research included investigations into the structure of bird feathers and how these could be used as a waveguide to trap near-infrared light.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-05-13|title=New laser is from the birds|url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/new-laser-birds|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Science News|language=en-US}}</ref> She worked with [[A. Douglas Stone]] on a new mathematical theory to model these exciting laser systems.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gupta|first=Abhinav|date=2010-09-01|title=Yale Scientist Recognized for Research on Optics|url=https://www.yalescientific.org/2010/09/yale-scientist-recognized-for-research-on-optics/|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Yale Scientific Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> Cao and Stone were the first researchers to create an anti-laser; a device in which incoming beams of light interfere with one another and cancel each other out.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Scientists build world's first anti-laser|url=https://phys.org/news/2011-02-scientists-world-anti-laser.html|access-date=2020-08-23|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref> Cao dubbed these devices [[Coherent perfect absorber|coherent perfect absorbers]] (CPAs), and proposed that they can be used as optical switches and radiology.<ref name=":2" /> These CPAs incorporated aligned silicon wafers that act as a loss medium, perfectly trapping incident laser beams.<ref name=":2" /> Alongside creating the perfect anti-laser, Cao worked with physicians on the development of light sources for [[optical coherence tomography]] for biomedical applications.<ref name=":3" /> She designed a novel laser system that can switch between high and low spatial coherence, allowing for both speckle-free imaging (to understand the structure of an object) and speckle-full imaging (to understand the motion of an object).<ref name=":3" />


In 2013 Cao realised a ultra-high resolution microspectrometer on a disordered photonic chip.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Coffey|first=Valerie C.|date=2013|title=Researchers Use Scattering in Disordered Spectrometer-on-a-Chip|url=https://www.osa-opn.org/home/newsroom/2013/september/yale_researchers_use_scattering_in_disordered_spec/#.UjCmKT8ytcU|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-23|website=OSA}}</ref> Cao made use of a semi-circular scattering structure made of plane silicon patterned with random air holes.<ref name=":0" /> The structure was surrounded by a reflective photonic crystal, which serves as a waveguide to confine the emitted light.<ref name=":0" /> Multiple-scattering events within the random structure allows for tiny, high resolution spectrometers for a variety of applications.<ref name=":0" /> Cao makes use of non-conventional lasers for high power, stable lasing systems. In 2018 she created chaotic lasers, which include disordered cavities to disrupt the formation of filaments.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shelton|first=Jim|date=2018-08-16|title=The cure for chaotic lasers? More chaos, of course|url=https://news.yale.edu/2018/08/16/cure-chaotic-lasers-more-chaos-course|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yang|first=Lan|date=2018-09-21|title=Fighting chaos with chaos in lasers|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/361/6408/1201|journal=Science|language=en|volume=361|issue=6408|pages=1201–1201|doi=10.1126/science.aau6628|issn=0036-8075|pmid=30237344}}</ref> Filaments can lead to instabilities during laser operation, and introducing chaos can significantly improve the emission quality.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Materials|first=Dr Sang Soon Oh Sêr Cymru Rising Star Fellow Advanced|last2=Matter|first2=Devices-Sêr Cymru Research Group Condensed|last3=Group|first3=Photonics|title=Physicists fight laser chaos with quantum chaos|url=https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/1262916-physicists-fight-laser-chaos-with-quantum-chaos|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Cardiff University|language=en}}</ref> She has shown that it is possible to shape the wavefronts of laser beams such that they can propagate through opaque media without diffusing.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shelton|first=Jim|date=2019-03-04|title=New shapes of laser beam ‘sneak’ through opaque media|url=https://news.yale.edu/2019/03/04/new-shapes-laser-beam-sneak-through-opaque-media|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref>
In 2013 Cao realised a ultra-high resolution microspectrometer on a disordered photonic chip.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Coffey|first=Valerie C.|date=2013|title=Researchers Use Scattering in Disordered Spectrometer-on-a-Chip|url=https://www.osa-opn.org/home/newsroom/2013/september/yale_researchers_use_scattering_in_disordered_spec/#.UjCmKT8ytcU|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-23|website=OSA}}</ref> To achieve this, Cao made use of a semi-circular scattering structure made of plane silicon patterned with random air holes.<ref name=":0" /> The structure was surrounded by a reflective photonic crystal, which serves as a waveguide to confine the emitted light.<ref name=":0" /> Multiple-scattering events within the random structure allows for tiny, high resolution spectrometers that can be used for a variety of applications.<ref name=":0" /> Alongside the fabrication of novel photonic devices, Cao makes use of non-conventional lasers for high power, stable lasing systems. In 2018 she created chaotic lasers, which include disordered cavities to disrupt the formation of filaments.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shelton|first=Jim|date=2018-08-16|title=The cure for chaotic lasers? More chaos, of course|url=https://news.yale.edu/2018/08/16/cure-chaotic-lasers-more-chaos-course|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yang|first=Lan|date=2018-09-21|title=Fighting chaos with chaos in lasers|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/361/6408/1201|journal=Science|language=en|volume=361|issue=6408|pages=1201–1201|doi=10.1126/science.aau6628|issn=0036-8075|pmid=30237344}}</ref> Filaments can lead to instabilities during laser operation, and Cao has shown that introducing chaos can significantly improve the emission quality.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Materials|first=Dr Sang Soon Oh Sêr Cymru Rising Star Fellow Advanced|last2=Matter|first2=Devices-Sêr Cymru Research Group Condensed|last3=Group|first3=Photonics|title=Physicists fight laser chaos with quantum chaos|url=https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/1262916-physicists-fight-laser-chaos-with-quantum-chaos|access-date=2020-08-23|website=Cardiff University|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The cure for chaotic lasers? More chaos, of course|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/yu-tcf081518.php|language=en|access-date=2020-08-24}}</ref> She has since shown that it is possible to shape the wavefronts of laser beams such that they can propagate through opaque media without diffusing.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shelton|first=Jim|date=2019-03-04|title=New shapes of laser beam ‘sneak’ through opaque media|url=https://news.yale.edu/2019/03/04/new-shapes-laser-beam-sneak-through-opaque-media|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref>


In 2018 Cao was named the [[Yale University]] Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-02|title=Hui Cao named the Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics|url=https://news.yale.edu/2018/04/02/hui-cao-named-beinecke-professor-applied-physics|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref>
In 2018 Cao was named the [[Yale University]] Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics, and in 2019 the John C. Malone Professor of Physics.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-02|title=Hui Cao named the Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics|url=https://news.yale.edu/2018/04/02/hui-cao-named-beinecke-professor-applied-physics|access-date=2020-08-23|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-04|title=Two faculty members named as John C. Malone Professors|url=https://news.yale.edu/2019/03/04/two-faculty-members-named-john-c-malone-professors|access-date=2020-08-24|website=YaleNews|language=en}}</ref>


== Awards and honours ==
== Awards and honours ==

Revision as of 12:52, 24 August 2020

Hui W. Cao
Alma materPeking University (BS)
Princeton University (MS)
Stanford University (PhD)
Scientific career
InstitutionsYale University
Northwestern University
ThesisSemiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (1998)
WebsiteCao Lab

Hui W. Cao is a Chinese American physicist and the John C. Malone Professor of Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering at Yale University. She is interested in photonic materials and devices, with a focus on non-conventional lasing systems. She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, The Optical Society and American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Early life and education

Cao became interested in physics as a young child, when her father, a professor of physics at Peking University, asked her what travels furthest and fastest.[1] When she learned that the answer was not a train or aeroplane but light; she became fascinated by the discipline of optics.[1] Cao earned her undergraduate degree in physics at Peking University.[2] She moved to the United States for her graduate studies, where she joined Princeton University as a graduate student in aerospace engineering. She has said that she enjoys the United States' focus on independent, inquisitive thinking.[1] After completing her master's degree Cao joined Stanford University as a postgraduate in applied physics. At Stanford she worked on semiconductor cavity quantum electrodynamics with Yamamoto Yoshihisa. Her doctoral research was published as a monograph by Springer Publishing.[3] She continued to work with Yoshihisa, and in 1999 they proposed a novel exciton-polariton light-emitting diode.[4]

Research and career

After earning her doctoral degree Cao joined the faculty at Northwestern University.[5] Whilst she was still interested in quantum electrodynamics, she started to expand her research focus and started a new collaboration with Robert Chang studying the optical properties of zinc oxide.[1] At the time, people were interested in creating lasers out of zinc oxide, but struggled as it is difficult to cleave or etch.[1] Whilst measuring the fluorescence of polycrystalline zinc oxide films Cao observed lasing; an unexpected result given the absence of any cavity. She later attributed this lasing to the random scattering of light within the zinc oxide grains.[1] Cao switched her research focus to random lasers, lasers where modes are determined by multiple scattering events. In conventional lasers, high spatial coherence can result in artefacts such as a speckle, which can compromise full-field imaging.[1] Random lasers can achieve similar brightnesses to conventional lasers, but achieve low spatial coherence and are much more simple to fabricate: they can even be made using disordered materials.[6] Cao spent 2008 as the American Physical Society Division of Laser Science Distinguished Traveling Lecturers.[7] Later that year she joined Yale University as a Professor of Physics and Electrical Engineering.

Her research at Yale University considers non-conventional lasers (including random, chaotic and microcavity[8] lasers).[9] She applied her understanding of random lasing systems to the design of novel sources for speckle-free imaging. Her early research included investigations into the structure of bird feathers and how these could be used as a waveguide to trap near-infrared light.[10] She worked with A. Douglas Stone on a new mathematical theory to model these exciting laser systems.[11] Cao and Stone were the first researchers to create an anti-laser; a device in which incoming beams of light interfere with one another and cancel each other out.[12] Cao dubbed these devices coherent perfect absorbers (CPAs), and proposed that they can be used as optical switches and radiology.[12] These CPAs incorporated aligned silicon wafers that act as a loss medium, perfectly trapping incident laser beams.[12] Alongside creating the perfect anti-laser, Cao worked with physicians on the development of light sources for optical coherence tomography for biomedical applications.[1] She designed a novel laser system that can switch between high and low spatial coherence, allowing for both speckle-free imaging (to understand the structure of an object) and speckle-full imaging (to understand the motion of an object).[1]

In 2013 Cao realised a ultra-high resolution microspectrometer on a disordered photonic chip.[13] To achieve this, Cao made use of a semi-circular scattering structure made of plane silicon patterned with random air holes.[13] The structure was surrounded by a reflective photonic crystal, which serves as a waveguide to confine the emitted light.[13] Multiple-scattering events within the random structure allows for tiny, high resolution spectrometers that can be used for a variety of applications.[13] Alongside the fabrication of novel photonic devices, Cao makes use of non-conventional lasers for high power, stable lasing systems. In 2018 she created chaotic lasers, which include disordered cavities to disrupt the formation of filaments.[14][15] Filaments can lead to instabilities during laser operation, and Cao has shown that introducing chaos can significantly improve the emission quality.[16][17] She has since shown that it is possible to shape the wavefronts of laser beams such that they can propagate through opaque media without diffusing.[18]

In 2018 Cao was named the Yale University Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics, and in 2019 the John C. Malone Professor of Physics.[19][20]

Awards and honours

Select publications

  • Cao, H.; Zhao, Y. G.; Ho, S. T.; Seelig, E. W.; Wang, Q. H.; Chang, R. P. H. (1999-03-15). "Random Laser Action in Semiconductor Powder". Physical Review Letters. 82 (11): 2278–2281. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.2278.
  • Cao, H.; Xu, J. Y.; Zhang, D. Z.; Chang, S.-H.; Ho, S. T.; Seelig, E. W.; Liu, X.; Chang, R. P. H. (2000-06-12). "Spatial Confinement of Laser Light in Active Random Media". Physical Review Letters. 84 (24): 5584–5587. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.5584.
  • Cao, H.; Zhao, Y. G.; Ong, H. C.; Ho, S. T.; Dai, J. Y.; Wu, J. Y.; Chang, R. P. H. (1998-12-21). "Ultraviolet lasing in resonators formed by scattering in semiconductor polycrystalline films". Applied Physics Letters. 73 (25): 3656–3658. doi:10.1063/1.122853. ISSN 0003-6951.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "StackPath". www.laserfocusworld.com. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  2. ^ "FIP Seminar Series - Dr. Hui Cao, Stanford University | Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics". fitzpatrick.duke.edu. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  3. ^ Yamamoto, Y.; Tassone, F.; Cao, H. (2000). Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics. Springer Tracts in Modern Physics. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-67520-4.
  4. ^ "US5877509 Quantum well exciton-polariton light emitting diode". patentscope.wipo.int. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  5. ^ "Complex Lasers — Department of Electrical Engineering". ee.nd.edu. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  6. ^ Hogan, Melinda Rose and Hank. "A History of the Laser: 1960 - 2019". www.photonics.com. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  7. ^ "Distinguished Traveling Lecturers". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  8. ^ Wiersma, Diederik (2000). "The smallest random laser". Nature. 406 (6792): 133–135. doi:10.1038/35018184. ISSN 0028-0836.
  9. ^ Cao, Hui (2003-07-01). "Lasing in random media". Waves in Random Media. 13 (3): R1–R39. doi:10.1088/0959-7174/13/3/201. ISSN 0959-7174.
  10. ^ "New laser is from the birds". Science News. 2011-05-13. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  11. ^ Gupta, Abhinav (2010-09-01). "Yale Scientist Recognized for Research on Optics". Yale Scientific Magazine. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  12. ^ a b c "Scientists build world's first anti-laser". phys.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  13. ^ a b c d Coffey, Valerie C. (2013). "Researchers Use Scattering in Disordered Spectrometer-on-a-Chip". OSA. Retrieved 2020-08-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ Shelton, Jim (2018-08-16). "The cure for chaotic lasers? More chaos, of course". YaleNews. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  15. ^ Yang, Lan (2018-09-21). "Fighting chaos with chaos in lasers". Science. 361 (6408): 1201–1201. doi:10.1126/science.aau6628. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 30237344.
  16. ^ Materials, Dr Sang Soon Oh Sêr Cymru Rising Star Fellow Advanced; Matter, Devices-Sêr Cymru Research Group Condensed; Group, Photonics. "Physicists fight laser chaos with quantum chaos". Cardiff University. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  17. ^ The cure for chaotic lasers? More chaos, of course, retrieved 2020-08-24
  18. ^ Shelton, Jim (2019-03-04). "New shapes of laser beam 'sneak' through opaque media". YaleNews. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  19. ^ "Hui Cao named the Beinecke Professor of Applied Physics". YaleNews. 2018-04-02. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  20. ^ "Two faculty members named as John C. Malone Professors". YaleNews. 2019-03-04. Retrieved 2020-08-24.
  21. ^ "NSF Award Search: Award#0093949 - CAREER: Microscopic Study of Photon Localization". www.nsf.gov. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  22. ^ "Alfred P. Sloan Foundation". www.chronicle.com. Retrieved 2020-08-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ^ "2006 Maria Goeppert Mayer Award Recipient". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ^ "APS Fellow Archive". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  25. ^ "APS Fellowship". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  26. ^ "2007 OSA Fellows". Optical Society of American. Retrieved 2020-08-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  27. ^ Lyman, Charles (2014). "2014 Microscopy Today Innovation Awards". Microscopy Today. 22 (5): 7–7. doi:10.1017/S1551929514000893. ISSN 1551-9295.
  28. ^ "The Willis E. Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics". www.lambaward.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  29. ^ "Three Yale faculty named fellows of largest scientific society". YaleNews. 2017-11-20. Retrieved 2020-08-23.
  30. ^ "2017 AAAS Fellows Recognized for Advancing Science | American Association for the Advancement of Science". www.aaas.org. Retrieved 2020-08-23.