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{{short description|Congolese naval officer}} |
{{short description|Congolese naval officer}} |
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[[Grand Admiral]] '''Mavua Mudima''' was a former [[DR Congo|Congolese]] naval officer who served as the commander of the [[Navy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Navy]] of [[Zaire|Republic of Zaire]] and later as [[Minister of Defence (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Defense Minister]]. He was appointed to this post in the government of [[Prime Minister of Zaire|Prime Minister]] [[Leon Kengo]] (1994–1997), although some sources suggest he could have been appointed as early as 1992.<ref> |
[[Grand Admiral]] '''Mavua Mudima''' was a former [[DR Congo|Congolese]] naval officer who served as the commander of the [[Navy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Navy]] of [[Zaire|Republic of Zaire]] and later as [[Minister of Defence (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|Defense Minister]]. He was appointed to this post in the government of [[Prime Minister of Zaire|Prime Minister]] [[Leon Kengo]] (1994–1997), although some sources suggest he could have been appointed as early as 1992.<ref> |
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{{cite book| last = Hunter| first = Brian| year = 2016| title = The Statesman's Yearbook: 1991-92 | publisher = Springer| location =| isbn = 978-0230271203|page = 1613| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FaXPDQAAQBAJ& |
{{cite book| last = Hunter| first = Brian| year = 2016| title = The Statesman's Yearbook: 1991-92 | publisher = Springer| location =| isbn = 978-0230271203|page = 1613| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FaXPDQAAQBAJ&q=admiral+mavua+mudima&pg=PA1613}}</ref> |
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Before that he served as the director of the [[National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|National Intelligence Agency]] in 1993, although since he was not from the same tribe as [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] the real power was in the hands of his deputy. He was removed from the position in 1993<ref>Canada: [[Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada]], [http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ac0640.html Zaire: Information on the Service national d'identification et de protection (SNIP) from 1993 to present, including its activities, the type of personnel recruited], 1 February 1996, ZAR23000.E, accessed 6 March 2018</ref> From around 1994 to 1997, Mudima was the Defense Minister of Zaire, and held that office around the time of the [[First Congo War]]. During his tenure he wanted the refugees from the [[Rwandan genocide]] to return to [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{cite book| last = Khan| first = Shaharyan| year = 2000| title = The Shallow Graves of Rwanda| publisher = I.B. Tauris| location =| isbn = 978-1860646164|page = 75| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nPoSnlk_Sk8C& |
Before that he served as the director of the [[National Intelligence Agency (Democratic Republic of the Congo)|National Intelligence Agency]] in 1993, although since he was not from the same tribe as [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] the real power was in the hands of his deputy. He was removed from the position in 1993<ref>Canada: [[Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada]], [http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ac0640.html Zaire: Information on the Service national d'identification et de protection (SNIP) from 1993 to present, including its activities, the type of personnel recruited], 1 February 1996, ZAR23000.E, accessed 6 March 2018</ref> From around 1994 to 1997, Mudima was the Defense Minister of Zaire, and held that office around the time of the [[First Congo War]]. During his tenure he wanted the refugees from the [[Rwandan genocide]] to return to [[Rwanda]].<ref>{{cite book| last = Khan| first = Shaharyan| year = 2000| title = The Shallow Graves of Rwanda| publisher = I.B. Tauris| location =| isbn = 978-1860646164|page = 75| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nPoSnlk_Sk8C&q=grand+admiral+mavua+mudima&pg=PA75}}</ref> |
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Around December 1996 or January 1997 Mudima was removed from his post as Minister of Defense and replaced by General [[Likulia Bolongo]].<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/irin-emergency-update-no-66-great-lakes IRIN Emergency Update No. 66 on the Great Lakes]. [[Relief Web]], 27 December 1996. [[United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs]]. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> Following the war Mudima, Nzimbi Etienne, and Baramoto Kpama (who were both former military Generals) fled to [[South Africa]] in May 1997<ref>{{cite book| last = Prunier| first = Gerard| year = 2008| title = Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe| publisher = Oxford University Press| location =| isbn = 978-0199705832|page = 136| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kp93kUfdhC0C& |
Around December 1996 or January 1997 Mudima was removed from his post as Minister of Defense and replaced by General [[Likulia Bolongo]].<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/irin-emergency-update-no-66-great-lakes IRIN Emergency Update No. 66 on the Great Lakes]. [[Relief Web]], 27 December 1996. [[United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs]]. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> Following the war Mudima, Nzimbi Etienne, and Baramoto Kpama (who were both former military Generals) fled to [[South Africa]] in May 1997<ref>{{cite book| last = Prunier| first = Gerard| year = 2008| title = Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe| publisher = Oxford University Press| location =| isbn = 978-0199705832|page = 136| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=kp93kUfdhC0C&q=grand+admiral+mavua+mudima&pg=PA136}}</ref> and were later accused of plotting a coup against the new [[President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|President]] of [[DR Congo]], [[Laurent Kabila]].<Ref>Duke, Lynne (16 December 1997). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/12/16/ex-mobutu-aides-arrested/4abe0241-cba0-4846-9895-3069b453ffbc/ EX-MOBUTU AIDES ARRESTED]. ''[[Washington Post]]''. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> South Africa refused to grant them asylum in February 1998, and they then traveled to [[Ivory Coast]] and [[Mali]], which also rejected them, before obtaining asylum in [[Niger]].<ref>Dzisah, Melvis (8 May 1998). [http://www.ipsnews.net/1998/05/politics-africa-mobutu-officers-finally-find-a-home/ POLITICS-AFRICA: Mobutu Officers Finally Find A Home]. [[IPS News]]. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> |
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In 1999, after the start of the [[Second Congo War]], he and his two colleagues that had fled had been accused of mobilizing a large number of former Congolese army troops in rebellion against President Kabila for the [[Rally for Congolese Democracy]] (RCD), a Rwandan-backed rebel group. However, the group formally refused to allow Mudima and his colleagues to join them.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/marek-news-brief-dr-congo Marek News in Brief: DR Congo]. [[Relief Web]]. Published 4 February 1999. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> |
In 1999, after the start of the [[Second Congo War]], he and his two colleagues that had fled had been accused of mobilizing a large number of former Congolese army troops in rebellion against President Kabila for the [[Rally for Congolese Democracy]] (RCD), a Rwandan-backed rebel group. However, the group formally refused to allow Mudima and his colleagues to join them.<ref>[https://reliefweb.int/report/democratic-republic-congo/marek-news-brief-dr-congo Marek News in Brief: DR Congo]. [[Relief Web]]. Published 4 February 1999. Retrieved 6 March 2018.</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 20:38, 6 November 2020
Grand Admiral Mavua Mudima was a former Congolese naval officer who served as the commander of the Navy of Republic of Zaire and later as Defense Minister. He was appointed to this post in the government of Prime Minister Leon Kengo (1994–1997), although some sources suggest he could have been appointed as early as 1992.[1]
Before that he served as the director of the National Intelligence Agency in 1993, although since he was not from the same tribe as Mobutu Sese Seko the real power was in the hands of his deputy. He was removed from the position in 1993[2] From around 1994 to 1997, Mudima was the Defense Minister of Zaire, and held that office around the time of the First Congo War. During his tenure he wanted the refugees from the Rwandan genocide to return to Rwanda.[3]
Around December 1996 or January 1997 Mudima was removed from his post as Minister of Defense and replaced by General Likulia Bolongo.[4] Following the war Mudima, Nzimbi Etienne, and Baramoto Kpama (who were both former military Generals) fled to South Africa in May 1997[5] and were later accused of plotting a coup against the new President of DR Congo, Laurent Kabila.[6] South Africa refused to grant them asylum in February 1998, and they then traveled to Ivory Coast and Mali, which also rejected them, before obtaining asylum in Niger.[7]
In 1999, after the start of the Second Congo War, he and his two colleagues that had fled had been accused of mobilizing a large number of former Congolese army troops in rebellion against President Kabila for the Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD), a Rwandan-backed rebel group. However, the group formally refused to allow Mudima and his colleagues to join them.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Hunter, Brian (2016). The Statesman's Yearbook: 1991-92. Springer. p. 1613. ISBN 978-0230271203.
- ^ Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Zaire: Information on the Service national d'identification et de protection (SNIP) from 1993 to present, including its activities, the type of personnel recruited, 1 February 1996, ZAR23000.E, accessed 6 March 2018
- ^ Khan, Shaharyan (2000). The Shallow Graves of Rwanda. I.B. Tauris. p. 75. ISBN 978-1860646164.
- ^ IRIN Emergency Update No. 66 on the Great Lakes. Relief Web, 27 December 1996. United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
- ^ Prunier, Gerard (2008). Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe. Oxford University Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-0199705832.
- ^ Duke, Lynne (16 December 1997). EX-MOBUTU AIDES ARRESTED. Washington Post. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
- ^ Dzisah, Melvis (8 May 1998). POLITICS-AFRICA: Mobutu Officers Finally Find A Home. IPS News. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
- ^ Marek News in Brief: DR Congo. Relief Web. Published 4 February 1999. Retrieved 6 March 2018.