Climate change in Kenya: Difference between revisions
Gmuhammed57 (talk | contribs) →Agriculture: Added more information |
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=== Agriculture === |
=== Agriculture === |
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{{Further|Agriculture in Kenya}} |
{{Further|Agriculture in Kenya}} |
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Kenya's agricultural sector is already suffering from climate impacts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Kabubo-Mariara, Jane|last2=Karanja, Fredrick K|date=August 2007|title=The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Kenyan Crop Agriculture : A Ricardian Approach|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/7276|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Equipping farmers in Kenya to overcome climate change {{!}} Copernicus|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/equipping-farmers-kenya-overcome-climate-change#maincontent|access-date=2020-11-26|website=climate.copernicus.eu}}</ref> Agriculture contributes more than 30 percent of Kenya’s GDP and it is the primary source of sustenance for 60%of the population.<ref name=":3" /> 75 per cent of the total agricultural output in Kenya are cultivated by subsistence farmer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nasike|first=Claire|date=2020-07-31|title=CLAIRE NASIKE - Cutting the Hand That Feeds: The Plight of Smallholder Farmers in Kenya {{!}} The Elephant|url=https://www.theelephant.info/ideas/2020/07/31/cutting-the-hand-that-feeds-the-plight-of-smallholder-farmers-in-kenya/|access-date=2020-11-26|language=en-US}}</ref> Maize, which contributes about 33% of caloric intake in Kenya can be adversely affected by temperatures above 35 Centigrade, which are prevalent in lowland regions.<ref name=":3" /> |
Kenya's agricultural sector is already suffering from climate impacts.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Kabubo-Mariara, Jane|last2=Karanja, Fredrick K|date=August 2007|title=The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Kenyan Crop Agriculture : A Ricardian Approach|url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/7276|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Equipping farmers in Kenya to overcome climate change {{!}} Copernicus|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/equipping-farmers-kenya-overcome-climate-change#maincontent|access-date=2020-11-26|website=climate.copernicus.eu}}</ref> Agriculture contributes more than 30 percent of Kenya’s GDP and it is the primary source of sustenance for 60%of the population.<ref name=":3" /> 75 per cent of the total agricultural output in Kenya are cultivated by subsistence farmer.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nasike|first=Claire|date=2020-07-31|title=CLAIRE NASIKE - Cutting the Hand That Feeds: The Plight of Smallholder Farmers in Kenya {{!}} The Elephant|url=https://www.theelephant.info/ideas/2020/07/31/cutting-the-hand-that-feeds-the-plight-of-smallholder-farmers-in-kenya/|access-date=2020-11-26|language=en-US}}</ref> Maize, which contributes about 33% of caloric intake in Kenya can be adversely affected by temperatures above 35 Centigrade, which are prevalent in lowland regions.<ref name=":3" /> |
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Kenya is one of the World largest supplier of tea, with the tea sector contributing about a quarter of the total export earnings and accounting for about 4% of the country’s GDP.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Muoki|first=Chalo Richard|last2=Maritim|first2=Tony Kipkoech|last3=Oluoch|first3=Wyclife Agumba|last4=Kamunya|first4=Samson Machohi|last5=Bore|first5=John Kipkoech|date=2020|title=Combating Climate Change in the Kenyan Tea Industry|url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.00339/full|journal=Frontiers in Plant Science|language=English|volume=11|doi=10.3389/fpls.2020.00339|issn=1664-462X}}</ref> In the recent times, the tea sector has shown unstable trends with climate driven stresses.<ref name=":4" /> |
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A number of startups, non profits and companies are starting to try to address these issues.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Climate Change is Fueling Innovation in Kenya|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/kenya-climate-change-fuels-new-business-180968122/|access-date=2020-11-24|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref> |
A number of startups, non profits and companies are starting to try to address these issues.<ref>{{Cite web|title=How Climate Change is Fueling Innovation in Kenya|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/kenya-climate-change-fuels-new-business-180968122/|access-date=2020-11-24|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 13:01, 26 November 2020
Climate change is already greatly affecting Kenya.[1] Temperatures have already increased by 1 degree Celsius, and is beginning to have effects on the communities of Kenya, creating Water security challenges and putting pressure on major parts of the economy.[2] Climate projections suggest an increase in temperature of up to 2.5C between 2000 and 2050, and an increasing frequency of extreme events, such as floods and droughts[1]
Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) that make up 89% of the country [3] are very dry making them vulnerable to extreme weather changes, such as droughts or flooding. Moreover coastal communities are already experiencing sea level rise and associated issues such as saltwater intrusion[1] These have impacts on many marginalized or at risk communities, for example prolonged drought and food insecurity create risk for youth in Kenya.[2]
Context
Kenya, the largest economy in East Africa is the financial, trade and communications hub of the region.[4][5] The country has a population of 48.5 million people.[6] Kenya’s economy predominately depend on agriculture and tourism, and both sectors are highly susceptible to climate changes.[7] The drought between 2008 and 2011 caused losses and damages amounting to $12.1 billion.[8]Prolonged droughts in the country left 3.4 million people struggling with severe food insecurity between 2014 and 2020, and about 500,000 people without water in 2018.[9]
High urban population growth rate is resulting into expansion of informal settlements which are susceptible to issues relating to water scarcity, flooding and heat. [10] The poverty rate of the northern arid and semi-arid regions is above 80% though the national poverty rates is decreasing. A sea level rise of 30cm will pose a threat of flooding of 17% (4,600 hectares) of Mombasa.[10] It is estimated that climate variability and extreme weather conditions will result into loss of 2.6% of Kenya’s GDP annually by 2030.[10]
Economic impacts
Agriculture
Kenya's agricultural sector is already suffering from climate impacts.[11][12] Agriculture contributes more than 30 percent of Kenya’s GDP and it is the primary source of sustenance for 60%of the population.[10] 75 per cent of the total agricultural output in Kenya are cultivated by subsistence farmer.[13] Maize, which contributes about 33% of caloric intake in Kenya can be adversely affected by temperatures above 35 Centigrade, which are prevalent in lowland regions.[10]
Kenya is one of the World largest supplier of tea, with the tea sector contributing about a quarter of the total export earnings and accounting for about 4% of the country’s GDP.[14] In the recent times, the tea sector has shown unstable trends with climate driven stresses.[14]
A number of startups, non profits and companies are starting to try to address these issues.[15]
Political response
Kenya gazetted the Climate Change Act, 2016 which establishes an authority to oversee development, management, implementation and regulation of mechanisms to enhance climate change resilience and low carbon development for sustainable development, by the National and County Governments, the private sector, civil society, and other actors. Kenya has also developed the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP 2018-2022) which aims to further the country's development goals by providing mechanisms and measures to achieve low carbon climate-resilient development in a manner that prioritizes adaptation.
References
- ^ a b c "Climate Change Profile: Kenya - Kenya". ReliefWeb. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
- ^ a b Climate Change in Kenya focus on Children (PDF) (Report). UNICEF.
- ^ "Ministry of Devolution and ASALs".
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Kenya - Market Overview | Privacy Shield". www.privacyshield.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ "Africa's Powerhouse". Brookings. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Kenya country profile". BBC News. 2018-01-31. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ "Climate Risk Profile: Kenya". Climatelinks. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ "Triple-I Blog | Satellite, Mobile Technologies Underpin Insurance Payout To Herders In Kenya". www.iii.org. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ "INSIDER: Mainstreaming Climate Adaptation into Development: Three Lessons from Kenya". World Resources Institute. 2020-09-15. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ a b c d e "CLIMATE RISK PROFILE: KENYA" (PDF). Climatelinks. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Kabubo-Mariara, Jane; Karanja, Fredrick K (August 2007). "The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Kenyan Crop Agriculture : A Ricardian Approach".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Equipping farmers in Kenya to overcome climate change | Copernicus". climate.copernicus.eu. Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ Nasike, Claire (2020-07-31). "CLAIRE NASIKE - Cutting the Hand That Feeds: The Plight of Smallholder Farmers in Kenya | The Elephant". Retrieved 2020-11-26.
- ^ a b Muoki, Chalo Richard; Maritim, Tony Kipkoech; Oluoch, Wyclife Agumba; Kamunya, Samson Machohi; Bore, John Kipkoech (2020). "Combating Climate Change in the Kenyan Tea Industry". Frontiers in Plant Science. 11. doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00339. ISSN 1664-462X.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "How Climate Change is Fueling Innovation in Kenya". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
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