Bezledy
Bezledy | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Old farm building | |
  Bezledy  Bezledy | |
| Coordinates: 54°19′21″N 20°43′41″E / 54.32250°N 20.72806°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship |  Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Bartoszyce |
| Gmina | Gmina Bartoszyce |
| Population | 470 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | NBA |
| National roads |  |
Bezledy [bɛˈzlɛdɨ] (Template:Lang-de) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bartoszyce, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.[1] It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Bartoszyce and 62 km (39 mi) north of the regional capital Olsztyn.
The village has a population of 470 and is the main border crossing point between Russia and Poland (Bezledy/Bagrationovsk).
History
An Old Prussian castle named Beselede, property of the Natangian nobleman Posdraupote, was first mentioned in a chronicle of the Teutonic Order in 1274, when the castle had been besieged by Sudovians. The village was mentioned as an Old Prussian settlement in 1338 and in 1400 as the property of Philipp von Beisleiden with a size of 20 "Hufen", a square measure of the Teutonic Knights. Throughout the Polish-Teutonic Hunger War of 1414 the settlement was destroyed by Polish troops, who killed 3 men and caused a damage of 300 Mark. In 1440, Philipp von Beisleiden, owner of the village, joined the Prussian Confederation, opposing the rule of the Teutonic Knights.[2] In 1454, King Casimir IV Jagiellon incorporated the region to the Kingdom of Poland upon the request of the Prussian Confederation.[3] After the subsequent Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466), the village became a part of Poland as a fief held by Teutonic Order.[4] In 1484 the von Prömock family, a noble family of Old Prussian origin, was mentioned as owner of the village, which lasted until 1671.
From the 18th century, the village formed part of the Kingdom of Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany, within which it was administratively located in the province of East Prussia. After a time of constantly changing landlords the village was bought by Ludwig von Oldenburg in 1801, whose family owned the manor until 1945. The manor house was completely destroyed in 1945.[5]
During World War II, the village was occupied by the Soviet Red Army in February 1945 throughout the East Prussian Offensive. After World War II the village became again part of Poland according to the post-war Potsdam Agreement, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime. Germans fled or were expelled, also in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement, and replaced with Poles expelled from the Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union or forced to settle in the area through Operation Vistula in 1947.
Notable residents
- Elard von Oldenburg-Januschau (1855–1937), politician
References
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ^ Górski, Karol (1949). Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni. p. XXXVII.
- ^ Górski, p. 54
- ^ Górski, pp. 96–97, 214–215
- ^ Horst Schulz, Der Kreis Preußisch Eylau, Verden 1983 (German)
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