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Cash carrier

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Cash ball system at the Up-To-Date Store

Cash carriers were used in shops and department stores to carry customers' payments from the sales assistant to the cashier and to carry the change and receipt back again. The benefits of a "centralised" cash system were that it could be more closely supervised by management, there was less opportunity for pilfering (as change would be counted both by the cashier and by the sales assistant), and it freed up the assistant to attend to the customer and perhaps make further or better sales.[1]

Cash balls

The earliest type was a two-piece hollow wooden ball which ran along sloping rails, carrying cash and sales docket or receipt.[2] One set of rails sloped down from sales desk to cash office and another set sloped in the opposite direction. This was known as a cash railway. William Stickney Lamson of Lowell, Massachusetts patented this system in 1881. His invention soon attracted the interest of other shopkeepers, and in 1882 along with Meldon Stephen Giles, the Lamson Cash Carrier Company was incorporated in Boston. A working example can be seen in the Co-operative store at Beamish Museum in North East England, and one is still in its original location in the Up-To-Date Store, now a museum, at Coolamon, New South Wales.

Wire carriers

Rapid Wire carrier in Dartford Museum, Kent

The next type was a carriage suspended on pulleys from a wire between sales desk, launched from a catapult. The best-known types were "Rapid Wire" and "Air-Line."

Air-Line Company
The Air-Line Company was based in the United States. It manufactured a Gipe designed system. A cord passed over multiple pulleys to propel the car. Lamsons took over Air-Line and cars usually have "Air-Line" on one side and "Lamson" on the other.
Baldwin
Baldwins were based in Chicago. Their cash carrier systems were usually known as "Baldwin Flyers".
British Cash & Parcel Conveyors
A British competitor to Lamson which eventually was subsumed.
Dart Cash
Dart Cash was a British company established by a grocer from Stoke on Trent, William Alfred Edwards. It was a simple gravity carrier patented in 1918. Later enhancements included a spring for propulsion. As well as wire systems, Dart also made pneumatic cash carriers.
Gipe
Gipe was an American company founded by Emanuel Clarence Gipe of Freeport, Illinois. Gipe installations were popular in England. The car had two sets of wheels: the upper set ran on one wire and the lower set below a second wire. It was propelled by pulling the wires apart at the sending station by a lever arrangement.[3]
Lamson
The Lamson Company dominated the market. It was known at various times as the Lamson Cash Carrier Company, the Lamson Cash Railway Company, the Lamson Store Service Company, the Lamson Consolidated Store Service Company, the Lamson Company Inc. and in the UK the Lamson Engineering Company Ltd. Lamsons purchased the Rapid Service Store Railway Company of Detroit which licensed an invention by Robert McCarty of Detroit, Michigan and their system became known as Lamson Rapid Wire. They also made cable systems and pneumatic tube systems.[4]
Sturtevants
Sturtevants of Boston, Massachusetts was an offshoot of an American company. They purchased part of Reid Brothers around the early 1920s and the pneumatic tube business of Cooke, Troughton and Simms. In 1949 the part that handled pneumatic tubes was acquired by Lamsons.[5]

Cable systems

This system was developed by Joseph Martin of Vermont.[6] In cable systems there was a continuously moving cable around the shop passing the counters and the cashier, driven by an electric motor. When a payment was to be sent, the sales assistant put it in a carrier and clipped it to the cable. The carrier was guided by light metal tracks. It was detached at the cashier's station, the transaction was dealt with, and the change and receipt were returned along the cable again.[7] Twenty or more stations could easily be operated with a 1 horse-power motor. Lamsons offered two main types of system: the "Perfection" and the high-level "Preferred" where there was a "drop point" at the sales counter. The first shop to use the Lamson cable system was the Boston Store in Brockton (owned by James Edgar), which was founded in 1890.[8] Although quite common in the United States, there were few installations in the United Kingdom. The best late survivor was at Joyners General Store in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, but the building burned down on New Year's Day, 2004.[9]

Pneumatic tube systems

Pneu-Art terminal of pneumatic tube system at Arding & Hobbs department store, Clapham Junction, London

Several of the above companies also made pneumatic tube systems - see Lamson tube. They are still installed in a few shops. Modern pneumatic tube systems are also now used in supermarkets for moving cash in bulk from tills to the central cash office.

Notes

  1. ^ Lamson Wire Line Carriers. Lamson Company, Boston Mass. (undated)
  2. ^ The Story of a Service Idea. American Pneumatic Service Company, Boston, 1912
  3. ^ Buxton, Andrew. Cash Carriers in Shops. Shire Publications, 2004. p. 18
  4. ^ "The Cash Carrier Website". Retrieved 2019-01-31.
  5. ^ The Times, 27 April 1950, p. 10
  6. ^ John Liffen. The Development of Cash Handling Systems for Shops and Department Stores. Transactions of the Newcomen Society, vol. 71 (1999-2000) pp. 79-101
  7. ^ Nashua Telegraph, 26 Jun. 1969, p. 10
  8. ^ Berwickshire News and General Advertiser, 1 May 1906, p. 4
  9. ^ Globe and Mail, 2 Jan. 2004

References

  • Buxton, Andrew (2004). Cash Carriers in Shops. Princes Risborough: Shire Publications. ISBN 978-0-7478-0615-8.
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